Modernize CI: Optimize Matrix, Add Linting, and Standardize Scripts

[simpsont-oci]

This PR introduces several improvements to the CI and development workflow:

• Optimized CI Matrix: Reduced the matrix for PRs to a single 'smoke test' job (Ubuntu, Node 20, latest OpenDDS) for faster feedback. Full coverage is maintained for master merges and weekly schedules.
• Removed EOL Node 18: Updated the matrix to focus on Node 20, 22, and 24.
• Added Linting/Formatting:
  • Integrated ESLint for JavaScript.
  • Integrated Clang-Format for C++.
  • Added a new, fast lint job that runs before expensive builds.
• Standardized Scripts: Added npm test, npm run lint:js, and npm run lint:cpp to package.json.