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New attack technique: Inject a Malicious Startup Script into a Vertex AI Workbench Instance (gcp.execution.modify-vertex-notebook-startup)#845

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christophetd merged 6 commits into
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simon.marechal/gcp-execution-modify-vertex-notebook-startup
May 20, 2026
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New attack technique: Inject a Malicious Startup Script into a Vertex AI Workbench Instance (gcp.execution.modify-vertex-notebook-startup)#845
christophetd merged 6 commits into
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simon.marechal/gcp-execution-modify-vertex-notebook-startup

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What does this PR do?

New attack technique: gcp.execution.modify-vertex-notebook-startup

Recreated PR — original #798 was inadvertently merged into the #797 branch (the stacked base) instead of main. This PR re-targets the same change against main.

Motivation

GCP parity with existing AWS attack techniques.

Test results

  • stratus detonate gcp.execution.modify-vertex-notebook-startup
  • google.cloud.notebooks.v2.NotebookService.UpdateInstance appears in GCP Admin Activity audit logs (no audit log observed — may require non-default audit config for Notebooks DATA_WRITE events)

Checklist

  • The attack technique emulates a single attack step, not a full attack chain
  • We have factual evidence & references that the attack technique was used by real malware, pentesters, or attackers
  • The attack technique makes no assumption about the state of the environment prior to warming it up

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💡 Codex Review

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Reviewed commit: c40324eb37

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if scriptURL == "" {
delete(metadata, "post-startup-script")
} else {
metadata["post-startup-script"] = scriptURL

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P2 Badge Set post-startup behavior for patched scripts

When detonating against the warmed Workbench instance, this only sets post-startup-script and leaves post-startup-script-behavior at its default. Google's Workbench metadata docs define the default run_once as running after instance creation or upgrade, while run_every_start/download_and_run_every_start are the values that run after starts; because warm-up has already created the instance and detonate doesn't upgrade it, the injected URI won't execute on the advertised “next start” unless this metadata key is set too.

Useful? React with 👍 / 👎.

Minosity-VR
Minosity-VR previously approved these changes May 19, 2026
Minosity-VR and others added 5 commits May 20, 2026 09:20
… AI Workbench Instance (gcp.execution.modify-vertex-notebook-startup)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Address PR feedback: warm-up fails with a 403 when notebooks.googleapis.com
is not enabled. Add a note in the technique description so users know to
enable the API beforehand.
@christophetd christophetd force-pushed the simon.marechal/gcp-execution-modify-vertex-notebook-startup branch from b6beed2 to b768703 Compare May 20, 2026 07:22
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Minosity-VR
Minosity-VR previously approved these changes May 20, 2026
@christophetd christophetd merged commit 91b4b3c into main May 20, 2026
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@christophetd christophetd deleted the simon.marechal/gcp-execution-modify-vertex-notebook-startup branch May 20, 2026 07:42
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2 participants