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#!/bin/bash
# Shell中脚本变量和函数变量的作用域
#(1)Shell脚本中定义的变量是global的,其作用域从被定义的地方开始,到shell结束或被显示删除的地方为止。
#(2)Shell函数定义的变量默认是global的,其作用域从“函数被调用时执行变量定义的地方”开始,
#到shell结束或被显示删除处为止。函数定义的变量可以被显示定义成local的,其作用域局限于函数内。但请注意,函数的参数是local的。
#(3)如果同名,Shell函数定义的local变量会屏蔽脚本定义的global变量。
#取通用参数的约定
$0 这个程式的执行名字
$n 这个程式的第n个参数值,n=1..9
$* 这个程式的所有参数,此选项参数可超过9个。
$# 这个程式的参数个数
$$ 这个程式的PID(脚本运行的当前进程ID号)
$! 执行上一个背景指令的PID(后台运行的最后一个进程的进程ID号)
$? 执行上一个指令的返回值 (显示最后命令的退出状态。0表示没有错误,其他任何值表明有错误)
$- 显示shell使用的当前选项,与set命令功能相同
$@ 跟$*类似,但是可以当作数组用
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