D. Colazzo, G. Ghelli, and C. Sartiani. Typing massive JSON datasets, XLDI 2012 (International workshop on cross-model language design and implementation)
Summary: They develop a type inference algorithm for massive JSON datasets. For this, they use union types and subtyping.
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P. Buneman and A. Ohori. Polymorphism and type inference in database programming, ACM Transactions on DB Systems 1996.
Summary: Partially dynamic records.
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A. Ohori and K. Ueno. Making Standard ML a practical database programming langauge, ICFP 2011.
Summary: Record-based approach to integrate SQL into Standard ML?
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H. Hosoya and B. C. Pierce. XDuce: A Statically Typed XML Processing Language. ACM Transactions on Internet Technology, 2003
Summary: XDuce provides static typing for XML. XDuce supports flexible form of types, namely regular expression types which may also be recursive. Regular expression types could easily be used for typed programming with JSON objects, and they support a principled treatment of optional fields. Moreover, XDuce presents a pattern matching language which has also been formalized for XDuce.
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V. Benzaken, G. Castagna, and A. Frisch. CDuce: An XML-Centric General-Purpose Language, ICFP 2003
Or perhaps look at the paper Semantic Subtyping, LICS 2002. Not sure which is best to cite.
Summary XDuce as presented does not have first-class functions. However, this has been addressed in CDuce. CDuce extends XDuce with first-class functions, among other things.
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