From 7367050f22edb02afebecaca5de70c3a0e389827 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Wed, 10 Jun 2026 18:02:20 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 01/60] fix(controls): preserve concrete value type when
 constructing ValueKey
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

`ValueKey(controlKey.value)` produced `ValueKey<Object>(value)` because
`controlKey.value` is statically typed `Object`. Flutter's `ValueKey.==`
is runtimeType-strict, so `ValueKey<Object>('foo')` never equals
`ValueKey<String>('foo')` — making `find.byKey(Key('foo'))` /
`find.byKey(ValueKey('foo'))` in flutter_test fail to locate any
Flet-rendered control by user-assigned key.

Switch-dispatch on the runtime type so a String value yields
`ValueKey<String>`, int → `ValueKey<int>`, etc. This matches what
`Key('foo')` (factory for `ValueKey<String>('foo')`) and analogous
test-side constructions produce.

Repro: flet_example in flet-dev/serious-python on the dart-bridge
branch — its integration_test/app_test.dart with
`find.byKey(Key('increment'))` for an IconButton with
`key="increment"` was finding 0 widgets until this fix.
---
 packages/flet/lib/src/controls/control_widget.dart | 14 +++++++++++++-
 1 file changed, 13 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/packages/flet/lib/src/controls/control_widget.dart b/packages/flet/lib/src/controls/control_widget.dart
index ae4db35a96..ead9a54c0c 100644
--- a/packages/flet/lib/src/controls/control_widget.dart
+++ b/packages/flet/lib/src/controls/control_widget.dart
@@ -29,7 +29,19 @@ class ControlWidget extends StatelessWidget {
       FletBackend.of(context).globalKeys[controlKey.toString()] =
           key as GlobalKey;
     } else if (controlKey != null) {
-      key = ValueKey(controlKey.value);
+      // Preserve the concrete value type so the resulting ValueKey<T> matches
+      // what callers construct in tests, e.g. `find.byKey(Key('foo'))` which
+      // resolves to `ValueKey<String>('foo')`. `ValueKey(controlKey.value)`
+      // would produce `ValueKey<Object>(...)` because `controlKey.value` is
+      // statically typed `Object`, and ValueKey's `==` is runtimeType-strict
+      // — `ValueKey<Object>` is never equal to `ValueKey<String>`.
+      key = switch (controlKey.value) {
+        String v => ValueKey<String>(v),
+        int v => ValueKey<int>(v),
+        double v => ValueKey<double>(v),
+        bool v => ValueKey<bool>(v),
+        _ => ValueKey(controlKey.value),
+      };
     }
 
     return control.buildInControlContext((context) {

From 7c380074fd526e4d0ca7767ddcaec471e05fda0f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Wed, 10 Jun 2026 20:48:55 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 02/60] feat(transport): add dart_bridge in-process transport
 (alongside socket)
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

Adds a third transport (`FletDartBridgeServer` + Dart-side channel-builder
injection) that exchanges Flet's MsgPack protocol over the in-process
`dart_bridge` byte channel — the prebuilt-binary FFI bridge consumed by
serious_python plugins via `package:serious_python/bridge.dart`.

Coexists with the existing UDS / TCP socket transport. Activation:
- Python: `FLET_DART_BRIDGE_PORT=<port>` env var + `is_embedded()` true.
- Dart: pass `FletApp(channelBuilder: ...)` — the embedder constructs a
  `FletBackendChannel` impl wrapping a `PythonBridge` and feeds it in.

`flet` package itself stays Python-independent: it does NOT depend on
`serious_python` or know about `PythonBridge`. The whole PythonBridge
wiring lives in the embedder's code (proven by a forthcoming
`flet_ffi_example` in serious-python). What lands here in `flet` is just
the seam.

Python side:
- New `flet/messaging/flet_dart_bridge_server.py` — `FletDartBridgeServer`
  with the same protocol dispatch as `FletSocketServer`, lazy-imported so
  non-embedded runs never load `dart_bridge`. Inbound: `__on_bytes`
  enqueues payloads from the C-callback thread onto an asyncio.Queue
  drained by `__inbound_loop`. Outbound: `send_message` calls
  `dart_bridge.send_bytes(port, packb(...))`.
- `flet/app.py`: `run_async` selection block grows a third arm:
    if is_embedded() and FLET_DART_BRIDGE_PORT: dart_bridge
    elif is_socket_server:                       socket (existing)
    else:                                        web (existing)
- New helper `__run_dart_bridge_server` modelled on `__run_socket_server`.

Dart side:
- New `FletBackendChannelBuilder` typedef in
  `transport/flet_backend_channel.dart`.
- `FletApp` accepts optional `channelBuilder`; `FletBackend` honours it in
  `connect()` and skips the URL-scheme factory when present. URL-based
  routing for socket / websocket / mock / Pyodide is unchanged.

Wire protocol — unchanged. Same `[ClientAction, body]` MsgPack frames,
same encoder/decoder, same Session dispatch. Only the byte transport
differs.
---
 packages/flet/lib/src/flet_app.dart           |  11 +-
 packages/flet/lib/src/flet_backend.dart       |  26 +-
 .../src/transport/flet_backend_channel.dart   |  12 +
 sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/app.py      |  59 ++++-
 .../flet/messaging/flet_dart_bridge_server.py | 250 ++++++++++++++++++
 5 files changed, 345 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/messaging/flet_dart_bridge_server.py

diff --git a/packages/flet/lib/src/flet_app.dart b/packages/flet/lib/src/flet_app.dart
index ee0873a934..390ebcc8e9 100644
--- a/packages/flet/lib/src/flet_app.dart
+++ b/packages/flet/lib/src/flet_app.dart
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import 'flet_backend.dart';
 import 'flet_extension.dart';
 import 'models/control.dart';
 import 'testing/tester.dart';
+import 'transport/flet_backend_channel.dart';
 
 /// FletApp - The top-level widget that initializes everything
 class FletApp extends StatefulWidget {
@@ -26,6 +27,12 @@ class FletApp extends StatefulWidget {
   final Tester? tester;
   final bool multiView;
 
+  /// Optional escape hatch for embedders that bring their own transport
+  /// (e.g. `serious_python`'s in-process FFI bridge). When set, this builder
+  /// is invoked from [FletBackend.connect] in place of the URL-scheme
+  /// factory; [pageUrl] is then irrelevant for transport selection.
+  final FletBackendChannelBuilder? channelBuilder;
+
   const FletApp(
       {super.key,
       required this.pageUrl,
@@ -42,7 +49,8 @@ class FletApp extends StatefulWidget {
       this.args,
       this.forcePyodide,
       this.tester,
-      this.multiView = false});
+      this.multiView = false,
+      this.channelBuilder});
 
   @override
   State<FletApp> createState() => _FletAppState();
@@ -76,6 +84,7 @@ class _FletAppState extends State<FletApp> {
             forcePyodide: widget.forcePyodide,
             tester: widget.tester,
             multiView: widget.multiView,
+            channelBuilder: widget.channelBuilder,
             parentFletBackend:
                 Provider.of<FletBackend?>(context, listen: false));
       },
diff --git a/packages/flet/lib/src/flet_backend.dart b/packages/flet/lib/src/flet_backend.dart
index f173ee8584..641d979a8c 100644
--- a/packages/flet/lib/src/flet_backend.dart
+++ b/packages/flet/lib/src/flet_backend.dart
@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ class FletBackend extends ChangeNotifier {
   int _reconnectStarted = 0;
   int _reconnectDelayMs = 0;
   FletBackendChannel? _backendChannel;
+  final FletBackendChannelBuilder? _channelBuilder;
   final List<Message> _sendQueue = [];
   String route = "";
   bool isLoading = true;
@@ -104,11 +105,13 @@ class FletBackend extends ChangeNotifier {
       this.forcePyodide,
       this.tester,
       required extensions,
+      FletBackendChannelBuilder? channelBuilder,
       FletBackend? parentFletBackend})
       : _parentFletBackend =
             parentFletBackend != null ? WeakReference(parentFletBackend) : null,
         _reconnectTimeoutMs = reconnectTimeoutMs,
-        _reconnectIntervalMs = reconnectIntervalMs {
+        _reconnectIntervalMs = reconnectIntervalMs,
+        _channelBuilder = channelBuilder {
     // add Flet extension with core controls and services
     this.extensions = [...extensions, FletCoreExtension()];
 
@@ -177,12 +180,21 @@ class FletBackend extends ChangeNotifier {
   Future<void> connect() async {
     debugPrint("Connecting to Flet backend $pageUri...");
     try {
-      _backendChannel = FletBackendChannel(
-          address: pageUri.toString(),
-          args: args ?? {},
-          forcePyodide: forcePyodide == true,
-          onDisconnect: _onDisconnect,
-          onMessage: _onMessage);
+      final builder = _channelBuilder;
+      if (builder != null) {
+        // Embedder-supplied transport (e.g. serious_python's in-process FFI
+        // bridge). The builder is responsible for the entire transport
+        // lifecycle; we just wire its callbacks to ours.
+        _backendChannel = builder(
+            onDisconnect: _onDisconnect, onMessage: _onMessage);
+      } else {
+        _backendChannel = FletBackendChannel(
+            address: pageUri.toString(),
+            args: args ?? {},
+            forcePyodide: forcePyodide == true,
+            onDisconnect: _onDisconnect,
+            onMessage: _onMessage);
+      }
       await _backendChannel!.connect();
       _registerClient();
     } catch (e) {
diff --git a/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/flet_backend_channel.dart b/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/flet_backend_channel.dart
index b4f30c07d5..253b31dc55 100644
--- a/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/flet_backend_channel.dart
+++ b/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/flet_backend_channel.dart
@@ -10,6 +10,18 @@ import 'flet_backend_channel_web_socket.dart';
 typedef FletBackendChannelOnDisconnectCallback = void Function();
 typedef FletBackendChannelOnMessageCallback = void Function(Message message);
 
+/// Builds a custom [FletBackendChannel] supplied by the embedder.
+///
+/// When provided to [FletApp]/[FletBackend], the channel is used directly and
+/// the URL-scheme factory below is skipped — letting embedded runtimes (e.g.
+/// `serious_python`'s in-process Dart↔Python FFI bridge) plug in a transport
+/// that needs more setup than a `String address` URL can express, without
+/// forcing the `flet` package to take a Python-related dependency.
+typedef FletBackendChannelBuilder = FletBackendChannel Function({
+  required FletBackendChannelOnMessageCallback onMessage,
+  required FletBackendChannelOnDisconnectCallback onDisconnect,
+});
+
 abstract class FletBackendChannel {
   factory FletBackendChannel(
       {required String address,
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/app.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/app.py
index 24061c5e44..37615bc64c 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/app.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/app.py
@@ -252,15 +252,26 @@ def exit_gracefully(signum, frame):
         signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, exit_gracefully)
         signal.signal(signal.SIGTERM, exit_gracefully)
 
-    conn = (
-        await __run_socket_server(
+    # Embedded runtime can opt into the in-process dart_bridge transport
+    # (provided by libdart_bridge from flet-dev/serious-python) by setting
+    # FLET_DART_BRIDGE_PORT. Falls back to the existing socket / web
+    # transports when the env var is absent.
+    bridge_port_env = os.getenv("FLET_DART_BRIDGE_PORT")
+    if is_embedded() and bridge_port_env:
+        conn = await __run_dart_bridge_server(
+            port=int(bridge_port_env),
+            main=main or target,
+            before_main=before_main,
+        )
+    elif is_socket_server:
+        conn = await __run_socket_server(
             port=port,
             main=main or target,
             before_main=before_main,
             blocking=is_embedded(),
         )
-        if is_socket_server
-        else await __run_web_server(
+    else:
+        conn = await __run_web_server(
             main=main or target,
             before_main=before_main,
             host=host,
@@ -273,7 +284,6 @@ def exit_gracefully(signum, frame):
             no_cdn=no_cdn,
             on_startup=on_app_startup,
         )
-    )
 
     logger.info("Flet app has started...")
 
@@ -400,6 +410,45 @@ async def __run_socket_server(
     return conn
 
 
+async def __run_dart_bridge_server(
+    port: int,
+    main: Optional[AppCallable] = None,
+    before_main: Optional[AppCallable] = None,
+):
+    """
+    Start Flet dart_bridge transport and return active connection object.
+
+    This transport exchanges the same MsgPack-framed protocol as
+    `__run_socket_server`, but over the in-process `dart_bridge` byte channel
+    instead of a Unix socket — eliminating the socket file, kernel context
+    switches, and the connect/handshake retry loop for embedded apps.
+
+    Args:
+        port: Dart native port (passed in via env var by the embedding side;
+            doubles as the keyed channel identifier).
+        main: User app entry handler.
+        before_main: Optional hook called before `main`.
+
+    Returns:
+        Started dart_bridge-server connection instance.
+    """
+    # Imported lazily so non-embedded runs (web server, native desktop) never
+    # try to load libdart_bridge.
+    from flet.messaging.flet_dart_bridge_server import FletDartBridgeServer
+
+    executor = concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor()
+
+    conn = FletDartBridgeServer(
+        loop=asyncio.get_running_loop(),
+        port=port,
+        on_session_created=__get_on_session_created(main),
+        before_main=before_main,
+        executor=executor,
+    )
+    await conn.start()
+    return conn
+
+
 async def __run_web_server(
     main: Optional[AppCallable],
     before_main: Optional[AppCallable],
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/messaging/flet_dart_bridge_server.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/messaging/flet_dart_bridge_server.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..de32bd3db6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/messaging/flet_dart_bridge_server.py
@@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
+"""
+In-process dart_bridge transport for Flet's embedded mode.
+
+`FletDartBridgeServer` is an alternative to `FletSocketServer` that exchanges
+the same MsgPack-framed protocol over an in-process byte channel rather than a
+Unix-domain socket. The channel is provided by the `dart_bridge` built-in
+Python module, registered with CPython via `PyImport_AppendInittab` by
+`libdart_bridge` (the native artifact in `flet-dev/dart-bridge`).
+
+Activation: `flet.app.run_async` instantiates this server when
+`FLET_DART_BRIDGE_PORT` is set AND `is_embedded()` is true. The Dart-side port
+acts as the channel key in both directions:
+
+- inbound  (Dart → Python): dart_bridge invokes `__on_bytes(payload)` from C
+  under the GIL whenever the Dart side calls `bridge.send(bytes)`.
+- outbound (Python → Dart): `send_message` calls `dart_bridge.send_bytes(
+  port, packed)` which non-blockingly posts to the Dart native port.
+
+The MsgPack protocol layer is identical to `FletSocketServer`; only the byte
+transport differs.
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import contextlib
+import inspect
+import logging
+import traceback
+from collections.abc import Awaitable
+from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Callable, Optional
+
+import dart_bridge  # type: ignore  # provided by libdart_bridge inittab
+import msgpack
+
+from flet.controls.base_control import BaseControl
+from flet.messaging.connection import Connection
+from flet.messaging.protocol import (
+    ClientAction,
+    ClientMessage,
+    ControlEventBody,
+    InvokeMethodResponseBody,
+    RegisterClientRequestBody,
+    RegisterClientResponseBody,
+    UpdateControlPropsBody,
+    configure_encode_object_for_msgpack,
+    decode_ext_from_msgpack,
+)
+from flet.messaging.session import Session
+from flet.pubsub.pubsub_hub import PubSubHub
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from flet.app import AppCallable
+
+logger = logging.getLogger("flet")
+transport_log = logging.getLogger("flet_transport")
+
+
+class FletDartBridgeServer(Connection):
+    """
+    Connection transport that uses the `dart_bridge` built-in module instead
+    of an asyncio Unix-domain socket. See module docstring for the rationale.
+
+    Lifecycle: `start()` registers a byte handler with `dart_bridge`; bytes
+    arrive synchronously on whatever OS thread Dart called `bridge.send` from,
+    so the handler is just a thread-safe enqueue onto an asyncio.Queue that an
+    inbound coroutine drains on the event loop.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        loop: asyncio.AbstractEventLoop,
+        port: int,
+        on_session_created: Optional[Callable[[Session], Awaitable[Any]]] = None,
+        before_main: Optional["AppCallable"] = None,
+        executor: Optional[ThreadPoolExecutor] = None,
+    ):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.__port = port
+        self.__on_session_created = on_session_created
+        self.__before_main = before_main
+        self.session: Optional[Session] = None
+        self.__inbound_queue: asyncio.Queue[bytes] = asyncio.Queue()
+        self.__inbound_task: Optional[asyncio.Task] = None
+        self.__running_tasks: set[asyncio.Task] = set()
+        self.loop = loop
+        self.executor = executor
+        self.pubsubhub = PubSubHub(loop=loop, executor=executor)
+        self.page_url = f"dartbridge://{port}"
+
+    async def start(self):
+        """
+        Registers the inbound byte handler with `dart_bridge` and schedules
+        the inbound dispatch coroutine. Returns immediately — there is no
+        per-client handshake at the transport level (the first
+        REGISTER_CLIENT frame from Dart is the application-level handshake).
+        """
+        logger.info("Starting up dart_bridge server on port %s", self.__port)
+        dart_bridge.set_enqueue_handler_func(self.__port, self.__on_bytes)
+        self.__inbound_task = asyncio.create_task(self.__inbound_loop())
+
+    def __on_bytes(self, payload: bytes) -> None:
+        """
+        Receives a byte frame from `dart_bridge`. Called synchronously under
+        the GIL from C — may run on a non-loop thread, so we marshal onto
+        the loop via `call_soon_threadsafe`.
+        """
+        self.loop.call_soon_threadsafe(self.__inbound_queue.put_nowait, payload)
+
+    async def __inbound_loop(self):
+        """
+        Drains the inbound queue, feeds bytes into a streaming MsgPack
+        unpacker, and dispatches each complete frame.
+        """
+        unpacker = msgpack.Unpacker(ext_hook=decode_ext_from_msgpack)
+        try:
+            while True:
+                payload = await self.__inbound_queue.get()
+                unpacker.feed(payload)
+                for msg in unpacker:
+                    try:
+                        await self.__on_message(msg)
+                    except Exception:
+                        logger.error(
+                            "Error dispatching dart_bridge frame", exc_info=True
+                        )
+        except asyncio.CancelledError:
+            logger.debug("dart_bridge inbound loop cancelled.")
+
+    async def __on_message(self, data: Any):
+        """
+        Protocol dispatch — identical to `FletSocketServer.__on_message`.
+        Duplicated here to keep the two transports decoupled; refactor into
+        a shared base once both have stabilised.
+        """
+        action = ClientAction(data[0])
+        body = data[1]
+        transport_log.debug("_on_message: %s %s", action, body)
+        task = None
+        if action == ClientAction.REGISTER_CLIENT:
+            req = RegisterClientRequestBody(**body)
+
+            # create new session
+            self.session = Session(self)
+
+            # apply page patch
+            if not req.session_id:
+                self.session.apply_page_patch(req.page)
+
+            register_error = ""
+            try:
+                if inspect.iscoroutinefunction(self.__before_main):
+                    await self.__before_main(self.session.page)
+                elif callable(self.__before_main):
+                    self.__before_main(self.session.page)
+            except Exception as e:
+                register_error = f"{e}\n{traceback.format_exc()}"
+                logger.error("Unhandled error in before_main() handler", exc_info=True)
+
+            # register response
+            self.send_message(
+                ClientMessage(
+                    ClientAction.REGISTER_CLIENT,
+                    RegisterClientResponseBody(
+                        session_id=self.session.id,
+                        page_patch=self.session.get_page_patch(),
+                        error=register_error,
+                    ),
+                )
+            )
+
+            if register_error:
+                self.session.error(register_error)
+            elif self.__on_session_created is not None:
+                task = asyncio.create_task(self.__on_session_created(self.session))
+
+        elif action == ClientAction.CONTROL_EVENT:
+            req = ControlEventBody(**body)
+            task = asyncio.create_task(
+                self.session.dispatch_event(req.target, req.name, req.data)
+            )
+
+        elif action == ClientAction.UPDATE_CONTROL_PROPS:
+            req = UpdateControlPropsBody(**body)
+            self.session.apply_patch(req.id, req.props)
+
+        elif action == ClientAction.INVOKE_METHOD:
+            req = InvokeMethodResponseBody(**body)
+            self.session.handle_invoke_method_results(
+                req.control_id, req.call_id, req.result, req.error
+            )
+
+        else:
+            raise RuntimeError(f'Unknown message "{action}": {body}')
+
+        if task:
+            self.__running_tasks.add(task)
+            task.add_done_callback(self.__running_tasks.discard)
+
+    def send_message(self, message: ClientMessage):
+        """
+        Encodes a protocol message and posts it to the Dart side via
+        `dart_bridge.send_bytes`. Non-blocking; ordering is preserved by the
+        Dart VM's port queue.
+        """
+        transport_log.debug("send_message: %s", message)
+        m = msgpack.packb(
+            [message.action, message.body],
+            default=configure_encode_object_for_msgpack(BaseControl),
+        )
+        try:
+            dart_bridge.send_bytes(self.__port, m)
+        except Exception:
+            logger.error("dart_bridge.send_bytes failed", exc_info=True)
+
+    async def close(self):
+        """
+        Releases the dart_bridge handler registration and cancels pending
+        inbound work. Mirrors `FletSocketServer.close()` so the caller side
+        in `flet.app.run_async` can treat both transports uniformly.
+        """
+        logger.debug("Closing dart_bridge server...")
+        try:
+            dart_bridge.set_enqueue_handler_func(self.__port, None)
+        except Exception:
+            logger.debug("Error unregistering dart_bridge handler", exc_info=True)
+
+        session = self.session
+        self.session = None
+        if session is not None:
+            try:
+                session.close()
+            except Exception:
+                logger.debug("Error closing session", exc_info=True)
+
+        if self.__inbound_task and not self.__inbound_task.done():
+            self.__inbound_task.cancel()
+            with contextlib.suppress(asyncio.CancelledError, Exception):
+                await self.__inbound_task
+
+        for task in list(self.__running_tasks):
+            if not task.done():
+                task.cancel()
+        if self.__running_tasks:
+            await asyncio.gather(*self.__running_tasks, return_exceptions=True)
+        self.__running_tasks.clear()
+
+        if self.executor:
+            self.executor.shutdown(wait=False, cancel_futures=True)
+
+        logger.debug("dart_bridge server closed.")

From 33b3b972373fb3f268fe7acc84876b87dbb9a31c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Wed, 10 Jun 2026 20:50:39 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 03/60] feat(transport): export FletBackendChannel + msgpack
 helpers from flet.dart (lets embedders implement channelBuilder)

---
 packages/flet/lib/flet.dart | 5 +++++
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+)

diff --git a/packages/flet/lib/flet.dart b/packages/flet/lib/flet.dart
index 6c0933a2e1..4e01c2776d 100644
--- a/packages/flet/lib/flet.dart
+++ b/packages/flet/lib/flet.dart
@@ -16,6 +16,11 @@ export 'src/flet_service.dart';
 export 'src/models/asset_source.dart';
 export 'src/models/control.dart';
 export 'src/models/page_size_view_model.dart';
+export 'src/protocol/message.dart';
+export 'src/transport/flet_backend_channel.dart';
+export 'src/transport/flet_msgpack_decoder.dart';
+export 'src/transport/flet_msgpack_encoder.dart';
+export 'src/transport/streaming_msgpack_deserializer.dart';
 export 'src/routing/deep_linking_bootstrap.dart';
 export 'src/testing/test_finder.dart';
 export 'src/testing/tester.dart';

From 53bd7ddfce37740245071053d745441e62a66c94 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Wed, 10 Jun 2026 21:17:29 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 04/60] fix(transport): park embedded dart_bridge run loop
 until host shutdown
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

The dart_bridge transport has no accept loop equivalent — start() registers a
byte handler with libdart_bridge and returns immediately. Without an explicit
wait, run_async() falls through to conn.close() as soon as main() returns,
killing the bridge before any Dart-side frame can arrive. The embedded
interpreter then exits even though the Flutter host is still running.

Mirror the existing url_prefix/socket-server arm: wait on the terminate event
when is_embedded() and FLET_DART_BRIDGE_PORT are both set.
---
 sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/app.py | 7 +++++++
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+)

diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/app.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/app.py
index 37615bc64c..1e07fb2eca 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/app.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/app.py
@@ -315,6 +315,13 @@ def exit_gracefully(signum, frame):
             with contextlib.suppress(KeyboardInterrupt):
                 await terminate.wait()
 
+        elif is_embedded() and bridge_port_env:
+            # dart_bridge has no serve_forever (no socket accept loop) — the
+            # embedded interpreter would otherwise exit as soon as the user's
+            # main() returns. Park here until the host process tears us down.
+            with contextlib.suppress(KeyboardInterrupt):
+                await terminate.wait()
+
         elif view == AppView.WEB_BROWSER or view is None or force_web_server:
             with contextlib.suppress(KeyboardInterrupt):
                 await terminate.wait()

From 99434e5de0c1757aaef292426232e6ead12b7a95 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Thu, 11 Jun 2026 10:54:24 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 05/60] templates(build): migrate from sockets to PythonBridge
 FFI transport
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

Switches the production transport in `flet build`'s generated app from
TCP/UDS sockets to the in-process dart_bridge FFI channel that the
serious-python `dart-bridge` branch exposes. Web mode (websocket) and
developer mode (external Python process over TCP/UDS) stay unchanged —
PythonBridge only makes sense when the Python interpreter is embedded
in the same OS process as Flutter.

main.dart:
  * Two long-lived PythonBridge instances created in prepareApp():
    `_bridge` carries the MsgPack-framed Flet protocol; `_exitBridge`
    is a dedicated outbound channel for Python's exit code (replaces
    the legacy stdout-callback ServerSocket).
  * pageUrl = `dartbridge://<port>`; env exports FLET_DART_BRIDGE_PORT
    and FLET_DART_BRIDGE_EXIT_PORT. The Python flet package's app.py
    picks up FLET_DART_BRIDGE_PORT and starts FletDartBridgeServer
    instead of FletSocketServer.
  * `_DartBridgeBackendChannel` (lifted from flet_ffi_example): wraps
    PythonBridge as a FletBackendChannel — streaming msgpack decoder
    on inbound, encoder + 30s retry loop on outbound. Injected into
    FletApp via the `channelBuilder` parameter added in the flet PR.
  * runPythonApp drops the ServerSocket setup; subscribes to
    `_exitBridge.messages` and reuses the existing error-screen /
    `exit(code)` handling unchanged.
  * Dropped the now-unused `getUnusedPort` helper.

python.dart:
  * Drops the `socket` callback channel and FLET_PYTHON_CALLBACK_SOCKET_ADDR.
  * `flet_exit` posts the exit code as raw UTF-8 bytes via
    `dart_bridge.send_bytes(FLET_DART_BRIDGE_EXIT_PORT, ...)`.
  * stdout/stderr → FLET_APP_CONSOLE file redirection preserved (the
    Dart side reads it for the error screen on `flet_exit(100)`).

pubspec.yaml:
  * `serious_python` pinned to the dart-bridge branch via git ref —
    1.0.1 on pub.dev predates PythonBridge. Swap to a version pin
    once serious_python ships a release carrying the bridge API.
  * Added `msgpack_dart: ^1.0.1` for the channel's wire codec.

Dev mode (--debug + page URL in args) still creates no bridges and
FletApp resolves transport via its URL-scheme factory; web mode reads
Uri.base unchanged.
---
 .../{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/lib/main.dart    | 207 +++++++++++++-----
 .../{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/lib/python.dart  |  29 ++-
 .../{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml     |  13 +-
 3 files changed, 174 insertions(+), 75 deletions(-)

diff --git a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/lib/main.dart b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/lib/main.dart
index a4adf44dcf..de0207a67c 100644
--- a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/lib/main.dart
+++ b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/lib/main.dart
@@ -1,14 +1,17 @@
 import 'dart:async';
 import 'dart:io';
+import 'dart:typed_data';
 import 'dart:ui';
 
 import 'package:flet/flet.dart';
 import 'package:flutter/foundation.dart';
 import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
 import 'package:flutter/services.dart';
+import 'package:msgpack_dart/msgpack_dart.dart' as msgpack;
 import 'package:package_info_plus/package_info_plus.dart';
 import 'package:path/path.dart' as path;
 import 'package:path_provider/path_provider.dart' as path_provider;
+import 'package:serious_python/bridge.dart';
 import 'package:serious_python/serious_python.dart';
 import 'package:flutter_web_plugins/url_strategy.dart';
 import 'package:window_manager/window_manager.dart';
@@ -67,6 +70,14 @@ String assetsDir = "";
 String appDir = "";
 Map<String, String> environmentVariables = Map.from(Platform.environment);
 
+// In production (embedded) mode the Flet protocol flows over an in-process
+// PythonBridge — no socket file, no TCP. `_exitBridge` is a separate bridge
+// dedicated to Python's exit-code transmission (replaces the legacy stdout-
+// callback socket). Both are null in web + developer modes where Python is
+// either remote or in a separate process.
+PythonBridge? _bridge;
+PythonBridge? _exitBridge;
+
 void main(List<String> args) async {
 
   FletDeepLinkingBootstrap.install();
@@ -86,6 +97,19 @@ void main(List<String> args) async {
       future: prepareApp(),
       builder: (BuildContext context, AsyncSnapshot snapshot) {
         if (snapshot.hasData) {
+          // In production mode prepareApp() created _bridge; wire a
+          // PythonBridge-backed channel so FletApp talks to the embedded
+          // Python over the in-process FFI transport. In web + dev modes
+          // _bridge is null and FletApp falls back to its URL-scheme factory
+          // (websocket / TCP / UDS).
+          final channelBuilder = _bridge == null
+              ? null
+              : ({
+                  required FletBackendChannelOnMessageCallback onMessage,
+                  required FletBackendChannelOnDisconnectCallback onDisconnect,
+                }) =>
+                  _DartBridgeBackendChannel(_bridge!,
+                      onMessage: onMessage, onDisconnect: onDisconnect);
           // OK - start Python program
           return kIsWeb || (isDesktopPlatform() && _args.isNotEmpty)
               ? FletApp(
@@ -112,6 +136,7 @@ void main(List<String> args) async {
                           assetsDir: assetsDir,
                           showAppStartupScreen: showAppStartupScreen,
                           appStartupScreenMessage: appStartupScreenMessage,
+                          channelBuilder: channelBuilder,
                           extensions: extensions);
                     }
                   });
@@ -197,16 +222,20 @@ Future prepareApp() async {
     environmentVariables.putIfAbsent(
         "FLET_PLATFORM", () => defaultTargetPlatform.name.toLowerCase());
 
-    if (defaultTargetPlatform == TargetPlatform.windows) {
-      // use TCP on Windows
-      var tcpPort = await getUnusedPort();
-      pageUrl = "tcp://localhost:$tcpPort";
-      environmentVariables.putIfAbsent("FLET_SERVER_PORT", () => tcpPort.toString());
-    } else {
-      // use UDS on other platforms
-      pageUrl = "flet_$pid.sock";
-      environmentVariables.putIfAbsent("FLET_SERVER_UDS_PATH", () => pageUrl);
-    }
+    // In production we use the in-process dart_bridge FFI transport (no UDS,
+    // no TCP — Python and Flutter share the process). Two bridges:
+    //   _bridge      — the Flet MsgPack protocol channel (Dart ↔ Python).
+    //   _exitBridge  — Python-only outbound channel carrying the exit code
+    //                  when `sys.exit(code)` is called inside the embedded
+    //                  interpreter. Replaces the legacy stdout-callback
+    //                  socket.
+    _bridge = PythonBridge();
+    _exitBridge = PythonBridge();
+    pageUrl = "dartbridge://${_bridge!.port}";
+    environmentVariables.putIfAbsent(
+        "FLET_DART_BRIDGE_PORT", () => _bridge!.port.toString());
+    environmentVariables.putIfAbsent(
+        "FLET_DART_BRIDGE_EXIT_PORT", () => _exitBridge!.port.toString());
   }
 
   if (!kIsWeb && assetsDir.isNotEmpty) {
@@ -226,33 +255,17 @@ Future<String?> runPythonApp(List<String> args) async {
 
   var completer = Completer<String>();
 
-  ServerSocket outSocketServer;
-  String socketAddr = "";
-  StringBuffer pythonOut = StringBuffer();
-
-  if (defaultTargetPlatform == TargetPlatform.windows) {
-    var tcpAddr = "127.0.0.1";
-    outSocketServer = await ServerSocket.bind(tcpAddr, 0);
-    debugPrint(
-        'Python output TCP Server is listening on port ${outSocketServer.port}');
-    socketAddr = "$tcpAddr:${outSocketServer.port}";
-  } else {
-    socketAddr = "stdout_$pid.sock";
-    if (await File(socketAddr).exists()) {
-      await File(socketAddr).delete();
-    }
-    outSocketServer = await ServerSocket.bind(
-        InternetAddress(socketAddr, type: InternetAddressType.unix), 0);
-    debugPrint('Python output Socket Server is listening on $socketAddr');
-  }
-
-  environmentVariables.putIfAbsent("FLET_PYTHON_CALLBACK_SOCKET_ADDR", () => socketAddr);
-
-  void closeOutServer() async {
-    outSocketServer.close();
-
-    int exitCode = int.tryParse(pythonOut.toString().trim()) ?? 0;
-
+  // Subscribe to the exit-code bridge. Python's `sys.exit(code)` is patched
+  // (in python.dart) to encode `code` as raw UTF-8 bytes and post them via
+  // `dart_bridge.send_bytes(FLET_DART_BRIDGE_EXIT_PORT, ...)`. We don't need
+  // a streaming codec here — the channel only ever carries a single short
+  // payload, then Python tears down.
+  StringBuffer pythonExitBuf = StringBuffer();
+  StreamSubscription<Uint8List>? exitSub;
+
+  void onExitSignal() async {
+    await exitSub?.cancel();
+    int exitCode = int.tryParse(pythonExitBuf.toString().trim()) ?? 0;
     if (exitCode == errorExitCode) {
       var out = "";
       if (await File(outLogFilename).exists()) {
@@ -264,29 +277,112 @@ Future<String?> runPythonApp(List<String> args) async {
     }
   }
 
-  outSocketServer.listen((client) {
-    debugPrint(
-        'Connection from: ${client.remoteAddress.address}:${client.remotePort}');
-    client.listen((data) {
-      var s = String.fromCharCodes(data);
-      pythonOut.write(s);
-    }, onError: (error) {
-      client.close();
-      closeOutServer();
-    }, onDone: () {
-      client.close();
-      closeOutServer();
-    });
-  });
+  exitSub = _exitBridge!.messages.listen(
+    (data) {
+      pythonExitBuf.write(String.fromCharCodes(data));
+      // One frame is always the full code on this channel — act on it.
+      onExitSignal();
+    },
+    onError: (error) {
+      debugPrint('Exit bridge error: $error');
+      onExitSignal();
+    },
+    onDone: onExitSignal,
+    cancelOnError: false,
+  );
 
   // run python async
   SeriousPython.runProgram(path.join(appDir, "$pythonModuleName.pyc"),
       script: script, environmentVariables: environmentVariables);
 
-  // wait for client connection to close
+  // wait for Python to signal exit
   return completer.future;
 }
 
+/// `FletBackendChannel` implementation backed by a [PythonBridge]. Bytes
+/// flow Dart↔Python entirely in-process; no Unix socket, no kernel context
+/// switch. The wire format is the same MsgPack-framed protocol the existing
+/// socket-based `FletSocketBackendChannel` speaks.
+class _DartBridgeBackendChannel implements FletBackendChannel {
+  _DartBridgeBackendChannel(this._bridge,
+      {required FletBackendChannelOnMessageCallback onMessage,
+      required FletBackendChannelOnDisconnectCallback onDisconnect})
+      : _onMessage = onMessage,
+        _onDisconnect = onDisconnect,
+        _deserializer =
+            StreamingMsgpackDeserializer(extDecoder: FletMsgpackDecoder());
+
+  final PythonBridge _bridge;
+  final FletBackendChannelOnMessageCallback _onMessage;
+  final FletBackendChannelOnDisconnectCallback _onDisconnect;
+  final StreamingMsgpackDeserializer _deserializer;
+  StreamSubscription<Uint8List>? _subscription;
+
+  @override
+  Future connect() async {
+    _subscription = _bridge.messages.listen(
+      _onBytes,
+      onError: (error, stack) {
+        debugPrint("PythonBridge stream error: $error");
+        _onDisconnect();
+      },
+      onDone: () {
+        debugPrint("PythonBridge stream closed.");
+        _onDisconnect();
+      },
+      cancelOnError: false,
+    );
+  }
+
+  void _onBytes(Uint8List bytes) {
+    _deserializer.addChunk(bytes);
+    final frames = _deserializer.decodeMessages();
+    for (final frame in frames) {
+      _onMessage(Message.fromList(frame));
+    }
+  }
+
+  @override
+  void send(Message message) {
+    final encoded = Uint8List.fromList(
+        msgpack.serialize(message.toList(), extEncoder: FletMsgpackEncoder()));
+    // Retry loop covers the brief startup window where Python hasn't yet
+    // called `dart_bridge.set_enqueue_handler_func` — bridge.send returns
+    // false in that case. Once Flet's app.py registers the handler (which
+    // happens before `runpy.run_module` is dispatched), bridge.send returns
+    // true synchronously.
+    if (_bridge.send(encoded)) return;
+    _retrySend(encoded);
+  }
+
+  void _retrySend(Uint8List encoded) {
+    const interval = Duration(milliseconds: 50);
+    const deadline = Duration(seconds: 30);
+    final start = DateTime.now();
+    Timer.periodic(interval, (timer) {
+      if (_bridge.send(encoded)) {
+        timer.cancel();
+      } else if (DateTime.now().difference(start) > deadline) {
+        timer.cancel();
+        debugPrint(
+            "PythonBridge send timed out: Python handler never registered.");
+      }
+    });
+  }
+
+  @override
+  bool get isLocalConnection => true;
+
+  @override
+  int get defaultReconnectIntervalMs => 0;
+
+  @override
+  void disconnect() {
+    _subscription?.cancel();
+    _subscription = null;
+  }
+}
+
 class ErrorScreen extends StatelessWidget {
   final String title;
   final String text;
@@ -377,10 +473,3 @@ class BlankScreen extends StatelessWidget {
   }
 }
 
-Future<int> getUnusedPort() {
-  return ServerSocket.bind("127.0.0.1", 0).then((socket) {
-    var port = socket.port;
-    socket.close();
-    return port;
-  });
-}
diff --git a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/lib/python.dart b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/lib/python.dart
index 770dff1818..679577c337 100644
--- a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/lib/python.dart
+++ b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/lib/python.dart
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 const errorExitCode = 100;
 
 const pythonScript = """
-import os, runpy, socket, sys, traceback
+import os, runpy, sys, traceback
 
 # fix for cryptography package
 os.environ["CRYPTOGRAPHY_OPENSSL_NO_LEGACY"] = "1"
@@ -56,29 +56,28 @@ def initialize_ctypes():
 initialize_ctypes()
 
 out_file = open("{outLogFilename}", "w+", buffering=1)
-
-callback_socket_addr = os.getenv("FLET_PYTHON_CALLBACK_SOCKET_ADDR")
-if ":" in callback_socket_addr:
-    addr, port = callback_socket_addr.split(":")
-    callback_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
-    callback_socket.connect((addr, int(port)))
-else:
-    callback_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_UNIX, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
-    callback_socket.connect(callback_socket_addr)
-
 sys.stdout = sys.stderr = out_file
 
+# Exit-code transport. The Dart side allocated a dedicated PythonBridge port
+# (FLET_DART_BRIDGE_EXIT_PORT) and is listening on it. `flet_exit` posts the
+# exit code as raw UTF-8 bytes through that bridge — the Dart side parses,
+# then either renders the error screen (code == 100) or terminates the host
+# process (any other code) using the file we wrote to above.
+import dart_bridge  # built-in module provided by libdart_bridge
+_exit_port = int(os.environ["FLET_DART_BRIDGE_EXIT_PORT"])
+
 def flet_exit(code=0):
-    callback_socket.sendall(str(code).encode())
-    out_file.close()
-    callback_socket.close()
+    try:
+        dart_bridge.send_bytes(_exit_port, str(code).encode())
+    finally:
+        out_file.close()
 
 sys.exit = flet_exit
 
 ex = None
 try:
     import certifi
-    
+
     os.environ["REQUESTS_CA_BUNDLE"] = certifi.where()
     os.environ["SSL_CERT_FILE"] = certifi.where()
 
diff --git a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml
index 243eed7c66..e69ea478f8 100644
--- a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml
+++ b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml
@@ -17,7 +17,18 @@ dependencies:
 
   flet:
     path: ../../../../../packages/flet
-  serious_python: 1.0.1
+  # PythonBridge (in-process dart_bridge FFI transport) ships on the
+  # serious-python `dart-bridge` branch. Swap back to a version pin
+  # (`serious_python: ^2.0.0`) once it's published to pub.dev.
+  serious_python:
+    git:
+      url: https://github.com/flet-dev/serious-python.git
+      ref: dart-bridge
+
+  # MsgPack codec used by the dart_bridge FletBackendChannel implementation
+  # in lib/main.dart — matches the wire format flet's existing socket
+  # transport already speaks.
+  msgpack_dart: ^1.0.1
 
   package_info_plus: ^9.0.0
   path_provider: ^2.1.4

From 702bd7d3d780e103d8cd28a28917f7fc4d4eb880 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Thu, 11 Jun 2026 13:25:09 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 06/60] Add path for serious-python git dependency

Add a `path: src/serious_python` entry to the serious-python git dependency in sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml. This directs the package resolver to the subdirectory within the referenced repo (ref: dart-bridge) so the Dart package is loaded from src/serious_python instead of the repository root.
---
 sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml
index e69ea478f8..48b6ab6c6d 100644
--- a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml
+++ b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ dependencies:
     git:
       url: https://github.com/flet-dev/serious-python.git
       ref: dart-bridge
+      path: src/serious_python
 
   # MsgPack codec used by the dart_bridge FletBackendChannel implementation
   # in lib/main.dart — matches the wire format flet's existing socket

From 62799c427e117ca54a35a40d4533727f6a034247 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 2026 11:14:19 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 07/60] Bump 3.13.14 / 3.14.6 / Pyodide 314.0.0; thread
 date-based python-build vars
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

Mirror the serious-python registry bump:
  * 3.12 row: Astral PBS date 20260610 (CPython 3.12.13 unchanged).
  * 3.13 row: CPython 3.13.14, PBS date 20260610.
  * 3.14 row: CPython 3.14.6, PBS date 20260610, Pyodide 314.0.0 GA.
  * All three rows gain `python_build_date: "20260611"` for the new
    date-keyed flet-dev/python-build release scheme.

The 3.13 wheel platform tag was also wrong — `pyodide-2025.0-wasm32`
where it should have been `pyemscripten-2025.0-wasm32` (the prefix
transition happened at Pyodide 0.28/0.29, not at 314.0). `flet build web
--python-version 3.13` would have failed to match Pyodide-built native
wheels. Fixed in the registry and called out in the 0.86.0 changelog.

`build_base.py` now exports two new env vars alongside the existing
`SERIOUS_PYTHON_VERSION` so the serious-python platform plugin build
scripts can construct the new URL form (`…/<YYYYMMDD>/python-*-<full>-*`):
  * SERIOUS_PYTHON_FULL_VERSION  → python_release.standalone
  * SERIOUS_PYTHON_BUILD_DATE    → python_release.python_build_date

Both are set in `package_env` (for `serious_python:main package`) and
`build_env` (for the subsequent `flutter build`).

Breaking-changes docs for 0.86: new 0.86.0 section in the index plus two
new guide pages covering (a) the default-Python bump 3.12 → 3.14 with
three pin options, and (b) the removal of `flet.version.pyodide_version`
/ `PYODIDE_VERSION` with the registry-lookup replacement. The dart_bridge
default-transport migration guide is intentionally not in this commit;
it'll be authored separately.

Publish docs tables (`publish/index.md`, `publish/web/static-website`)
updated to the new patch + Pyodide versions.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
---
 CHANGELOG.md                                  |  3 +-
 .../src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py       |  4 +
 .../src/flet_cli/utils/python_versions.py     | 22 +++--
 website/docs/publish/index.md                 |  4 +-
 .../docs/publish/web/static-website/index.md  |  2 +-
 .../default-bundled-python-3-14.md            | 89 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../docs/updates/breaking-changes/index.md    |  7 ++
 .../removed-pyodide-version-export.md         | 78 ++++++++++++++++
 8 files changed, 198 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 website/docs/updates/breaking-changes/default-bundled-python-3-14.md
 create mode 100644 website/docs/updates/breaking-changes/removed-pyodide-version-export.md

diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index d2c2fe6d95..d4fedf2a9e 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 ### New features
 
-* Multi-version bundled CPython support in `flet build` and `flet publish`. Pick the runtime your app ships with via the new `--python-version` flag (3.12 / 3.13 / 3.14), or let it be derived from `[project].requires-python` in your `pyproject.toml`; defaults to the latest supported stable (currently 3.14). The matching CPython-standalone build, Pyodide release (0.27.7 / 0.29.4 / 314.0.0a2), and Emscripten wheel platform tag are all resolved from a central registry. Adding a future pre-release CPython line (e.g. 3.15 beta) is a one-row append with `prerelease=True` — opt-in only via an explicit `--python-version 3.15` or `requires-python = "==3.15.*"`, never the auto-resolved default. Requires `serious_python` >= 2.0.0, now pinned in the `flet build` template. See the new [Choosing a Python version](https://flet.dev/docs/publish#choosing-a-python-version) docs section ([#6577](https://github.com/flet-dev/flet/pull/6577)) by @FeodorFitsner.
+* Multi-version bundled CPython support in `flet build` and `flet publish`. Pick the runtime your app ships with via the new `--python-version` flag (3.12 / 3.13 / 3.14), or let it be derived from `[project].requires-python` in your `pyproject.toml`; defaults to the latest supported stable (currently 3.14). The matching CPython-standalone build, Pyodide release (0.27.7 / 0.29.4 / 314.0.0), and Emscripten wheel platform tag are all resolved from a central registry. Adding a future pre-release CPython line (e.g. 3.15 beta) is a one-row append with `prerelease=True` — opt-in only via an explicit `--python-version 3.15` or `requires-python = "==3.15.*"`, never the auto-resolved default. Requires `serious_python` >= 2.0.0, now pinned in the `flet build` template. See the new [Choosing a Python version](https://flet.dev/docs/publish#choosing-a-python-version) docs section ([#6577](https://github.com/flet-dev/flet/pull/6577)) by @FeodorFitsner.
 
 ### Improvements
 
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 ### Bug fixes
 
 * Fix `flet build` failing on Windows when a dependency is pulled in via `[tool.flet.<platform>].dev_packages` (or any local-path install): the rewritten `<pkg> @ file://<path>` URL now uses `Path.as_uri()`, producing the correct `file:///D:/...` three-slash form instead of `file://D:\...`, which pip on Windows parsed as a UNC path and aborted with `OSError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '\\\\D:\\a\\...'` ([#6577](https://github.com/flet-dev/flet/pull/6577)) by @FeodorFitsner.
+* Fix `flet build web --python-version 3.13` failing to match any Pyodide-built native wheel. The 3.13 row in the Python version registry was set to Pyodide platform tag `pyodide-2025.0-wasm32`, but Pyodide actually publishes 0.29 wheels under `pyemscripten_2025_0_wasm32` (the `pyodide_` → `pyemscripten_` prefix transition happened at 0.28/0.29, not at 314.0). Corrected to `pyemscripten-2025.0-wasm32` so pip's wheel selection picks up the correct tags by @FeodorFitsner.
 
 ## 0.85.3
 
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py
index 0851375239..66dd31cc1d 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py
@@ -1910,6 +1910,8 @@ def package_python_app(self):
 
         package_env = {
             "SERIOUS_PYTHON_VERSION": self.python_release.short,
+            "SERIOUS_PYTHON_FULL_VERSION": self.python_release.standalone,
+            "SERIOUS_PYTHON_BUILD_DATE": self.python_release.python_build_date,
         }
 
         # requirements
@@ -2199,6 +2201,8 @@ def _run_flutter_command(self):
 
         build_env = {
             "SERIOUS_PYTHON_VERSION": self.python_release.short,
+            "SERIOUS_PYTHON_FULL_VERSION": self.python_release.standalone,
+            "SERIOUS_PYTHON_BUILD_DATE": self.python_release.python_build_date,
         }
 
         # site-packages variable
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/utils/python_versions.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/utils/python_versions.py
index 729903a466..8f3065d56e 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/utils/python_versions.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/utils/python_versions.py
@@ -18,6 +18,10 @@ class PythonRelease:
     short: str
     standalone: str
     standalone_date: str
+    # Release date tag of the matching `flet-dev/python-build` release
+    # (e.g. "20260611"). Combined with `standalone` to construct the
+    # platform-plugin download URLs.
+    python_build_date: str
     pyodide: str
     pyodide_platform_tag: str
     # When True, this release is supported via `--python-version` (and an
@@ -31,24 +35,27 @@ class PythonRelease:
     PythonRelease(
         short="3.12",
         standalone="3.12.13",
-        standalone_date="20260602",
+        standalone_date="20260610",
+        python_build_date="20260611",
         pyodide="0.27.7",
         pyodide_platform_tag="pyodide-2024.0-wasm32",
         prerelease=False,
     ),
     PythonRelease(
         short="3.13",
-        standalone="3.13.13",
-        standalone_date="20260602",
+        standalone="3.13.14",
+        standalone_date="20260610",
+        python_build_date="20260611",
         pyodide="0.29.4",
-        pyodide_platform_tag="pyodide-2025.0-wasm32",
+        pyodide_platform_tag="pyemscripten-2025.0-wasm32",
         prerelease=False,
     ),
     PythonRelease(
         short="3.14",
-        standalone="3.14.5",
-        standalone_date="20260602",
-        pyodide="314.0.0a2",
+        standalone="3.14.6",
+        standalone_date="20260610",
+        python_build_date="20260611",
+        pyodide="314.0.0",
         pyodide_platform_tag="pyemscripten-2026.0-wasm32",
         prerelease=False,
     ),
@@ -60,6 +67,7 @@ class PythonRelease:
     #     short="3.15",
     #     standalone="3.15.0",
     #     standalone_date="...",
+    #     python_build_date="...",
     #     pyodide="...",
     #     pyodide_platform_tag="...",
     #     prerelease=True,
diff --git a/website/docs/publish/index.md b/website/docs/publish/index.md
index ec4fa205de..5d8cf6e3ac 100644
--- a/website/docs/publish/index.md
+++ b/website/docs/publish/index.md
@@ -130,8 +130,8 @@ Supported versions and the matching CPython / Pyodide artifacts:
 
 | Short | CPython runtime | Pyodide (web) | Status   |
 | ----- | --------------- | ------------- | -------- |
-| 3.14  | 3.14.5          | 314.0.0a2     | default  |
-| 3.13  | 3.13.13         | 0.29.4        | stable   |
+| 3.14  | 3.14.6          | 314.0.0       | default  |
+| 3.13  | 3.13.14         | 0.29.4        | stable   |
 | 3.12  | 3.12.13         | 0.27.7        | stable   |
 
 The version is resolved in this order:
diff --git a/website/docs/publish/web/static-website/index.md b/website/docs/publish/web/static-website/index.md
index 45600ac618..a8f7a61dcd 100644
--- a/website/docs/publish/web/static-website/index.md
+++ b/website/docs/publish/web/static-website/index.md
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ full matrix and resolution rules. In short:
 
 | Python | Pyodide   |
 | ------ | --------- |
-| 3.14   | 314.0.0a2 |
+| 3.14   | 314.0.0   |
 | 3.13   | 0.29.4    |
 | 3.12   | 0.27.7    |
 
diff --git a/website/docs/updates/breaking-changes/default-bundled-python-3-14.md b/website/docs/updates/breaking-changes/default-bundled-python-3-14.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c9a8d8cff3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/website/docs/updates/breaking-changes/default-bundled-python-3-14.md
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+---
+title: "Default bundled Python version is now 3.14"
+---
+
+# Default bundled Python version is now 3.14
+
+:::note
+This guide is accurate as of Flet 0.86.0. Later releases might add new APIs or
+additional migration paths.
+
+The [breaking changes and deprecations index](.) lists the guides created for each release.
+:::
+
+## Summary
+
+Flet 0.86.0 introduces multi-version bundled CPython support to `flet build`
+and `flet publish`. The bundled Python interpreter is now selected per build
+(see [Choosing a Python version](/docs/publish#choosing-a-python-version)) and
+the **default is the latest supported stable** — currently CPython 3.14.
+Earlier Flet releases implicitly bundled CPython 3.12 via the single-version
+`serious_python` 1.x.
+
+Apps that depend on Python packages whose pre-built wheels aren't yet
+available for 3.14 (typically packages with C/Rust extensions that haven't
+caught up to the new ABI) need to pin a previous Python version.
+
+## Background
+
+Multi-version Python support landed in
+[#6577](https://github.com/flet-dev/flet/pull/6577) and is tracked by the
+central registry in
+[`flet_cli/utils/python_versions.py`](https://github.com/flet-dev/flet/blob/main/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/utils/python_versions.py).
+The supported short versions are `3.12`, `3.13`, and `3.14` (each pinned to a
+specific CPython patch + Pyodide release on the registry side).
+
+The default flips to the latest stable so new projects get the most recent
+Python by default. Existing projects without a pin start picking it up too on
+their next build.
+
+## Migration guide
+
+You can pin a different Python version in three equivalent ways. Use whichever
+fits your project layout.
+
+### Pin in `pyproject.toml` (recommended)
+
+Add or update `[project].requires-python`:
+
+```toml
+[project]
+requires-python = ">=3.12,<3.13"
+```
+
+`flet build` parses the specifier and picks the **highest supported short
+version** that satisfies it. So `>=3.12,<3.13` resolves to 3.12,
+`>=3.13,<3.14` resolves to 3.13, and `>=3.14` resolves to 3.14 (the default).
+
+### Pin via the CLI flag
+
+Pass `--python-version` on every invocation:
+
+```bash
+flet build apk --python-version 3.12
+flet publish --python-version 3.12
+```
+
+The CLI flag overrides anything in `pyproject.toml`.
+
+### Pin via environment variable
+
+Export `SERIOUS_PYTHON_VERSION` in the shell that runs `flet build`:
+
+```bash
+export SERIOUS_PYTHON_VERSION=3.12
+flet build apk
+```
+
+Useful in CI pipelines where you don't want to thread the flag through every
+job.
+
+## Timeline
+
+- Changed in: `0.86.0`
+
+## References
+
+- API documentation: [Choosing a Python version](/docs/publish#choosing-a-python-version)
+- Issues and PRs: [#6577](https://github.com/flet-dev/flet/pull/6577)
+- Release notes: [Flet 0.86.0](../release-notes.md)
diff --git a/website/docs/updates/breaking-changes/index.md b/website/docs/updates/breaking-changes/index.md
index bdb3f1ecf6..6ffd0069dc 100644
--- a/website/docs/updates/breaking-changes/index.md
+++ b/website/docs/updates/breaking-changes/index.md
@@ -22,6 +22,13 @@ This page lists the guides created for each release.
 The following guides are available. They're sorted by release, with the most recent release first.
 Each guide explains the change, the reason for it, and how to migrate your code.
 
+### Released in Flet 0.86.0
+
+#### Breaking changes
+
+- [Default bundled Python version is now 3.14](/docs/updates/breaking-changes/default-bundled-python-3-14)
+- [`flet.version.pyodide_version` and `PYODIDE_VERSION` removed](/docs/updates/breaking-changes/removed-pyodide-version-export)
+
 ### Released in Flet 0.85.0
 
 #### Breaking changes
diff --git a/website/docs/updates/breaking-changes/removed-pyodide-version-export.md b/website/docs/updates/breaking-changes/removed-pyodide-version-export.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ba65634155
--- /dev/null
+++ b/website/docs/updates/breaking-changes/removed-pyodide-version-export.md
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+---
+title: "flet.version.pyodide_version and PYODIDE_VERSION removed"
+---
+
+# `flet.version.pyodide_version` and `PYODIDE_VERSION` removed
+
+:::note
+This guide is accurate as of Flet 0.86.0. Later releases might add new APIs or
+additional migration paths.
+
+The [breaking changes and deprecations index](.) lists the guides created for each release.
+:::
+
+## Summary
+
+Flet 0.86.0 removed the module-level `flet.version.pyodide_version` attribute
+and the matching `PYODIDE_VERSION` constant. The single fixed-string export no
+longer makes sense now that Pyodide is selected **per build** as part of the
+multi-version bundled Python support — the bundled release depends on which
+Python version your app pins, not a global default.
+
+## Background
+
+Earlier Flet releases used a single Pyodide pin in `flet.version` to drive the
+`flet --version` output and let tooling read which Pyodide release `flet build
+web` would bundle. With
+[multi-version Python support](/docs/publish#choosing-a-python-version) the
+mapping is now Python-version-aware (`3.12 → 0.27.7`, `3.13 → 0.29.4`,
+`3.14 → 314.0.0`) and lives in
+[`flet_cli/utils/python_versions.py`](https://github.com/flet-dev/flet/blob/main/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/utils/python_versions.py).
+
+`flet --version` now lists every supported Python version with its matching
+Pyodide release, newest first.
+
+## Migration guide
+
+If you imported the constant somewhere — typically from `flet.version` —
+switch to looking the release up from the new registry.
+
+Code before migration:
+
+```python
+import flet.version
+
+print(f"Bundled Pyodide: {flet.version.pyodide_version}")
+```
+
+Code after migration:
+
+```python
+from flet_cli.utils.python_versions import SUPPORTED_PYTHON_VERSIONS
+
+for release in SUPPORTED_PYTHON_VERSIONS:
+    print(f"  {release.short} → Pyodide {release.pyodide}")
+```
+
+If you only need the version that `flet build` is about to bundle, resolve
+the Python release the same way the CLI does:
+
+```python
+from flet_cli.utils.python_versions import (
+    DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION,
+    get_release,
+)
+
+release = get_release(DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION)
+print(f"Default Pyodide: {release.pyodide}")
+```
+
+## Timeline
+
+- Removed in: `0.86.0`
+
+## References
+
+- API documentation: [Choosing a Python version](/docs/publish#choosing-a-python-version)
+- Issues and PRs: [#6577](https://github.com/flet-dev/flet/pull/6577)
+- Release notes: [Flet 0.86.0](../release-notes.md)

From 6ed8029690237ffadc1e43b6954c7563e19ff11d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 2026 21:38:37 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 08/60] feat(transport): DataChannel API for high-throughput
 widget byte streams
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

Adds dedicated byte channels (`ft.DataChannel`) that let widgets exchange
bulk binary data (image frames, audio buffers, ML tensors) with their
Python counterpart without going through the MsgPack control protocol.

Architecture:

* `package:flet` exposes abstract `DataChannel` + `DataChannelFactory`.
  Embedders inject a fast-path factory; absent that, a built-in
  `ProtocolMuxedDataChannelFactory` muxes channel bytes over the active
  Flet protocol transport.
* Python side: `ft.DataChannel` ABC with `_DartBridgeDataChannel`
  (embedded native, dedicated PythonBridge) and `_ProtocolMuxedDataChannel`
  (muxed fallback) impls. `Control.get_data_channel(id)` resolves a
  channel allocated on the Dart side.
* Handshake: control-level event `data_channel_open` carrying
  `{channel_name, channel_id}` — push-driven, no polling, no race.

Wire format change (breaking):

* All transports now prefix every packet with a 1-byte type
  discriminator: `0x00` = MsgPack-encoded Flet protocol frame,
  `0x01` = raw DataChannel frame (`[channel_id:u32 LE][bytes]`).
* Stream-oriented transports (UDS/TCP) gain a 4-byte little-endian
  length prefix; message-oriented transports (WebSocket, postMessage,
  dart_bridge) keep native message boundaries.
* `StreamingMsgpackDeserializer` removed — every inbound packet is one
  complete MsgPack value, decoded via one-shot `msgpack.deserialize`.
  Same simplification on the Python side: `Unpacker.feed` loops →
  `msgpack.unpackb(payload)`.

Updated all four Connection subclasses (`FletSocketServer`,
`FletDartBridgeServer`, `flet_web.fastapi.FletApp`, `PyodideConnection`)
and all five Dart transports (socket, WebSocket, JavaScript/postMessage,
mock, JS stub) to the new framing. Pyodide outbound uses Transferable
ArrayBuffer for zero-copy across the worker boundary.

Three smoke tests in `packages/flet/test/transport/data_channel_test.dart`
cover factory allocation, inbound routing by channel id, and the outbound
muxed packet shape.
---
 client/pubspec.lock                           |   2 +-
 packages/flet/lib/flet.dart                   |   2 +-
 packages/flet/lib/src/flet_app.dart           |  12 +-
 packages/flet/lib/src/flet_backend.dart       | 100 +++++-
 .../flet/lib/src/transport/data_channel.dart  |  55 ++++
 .../src/transport/flet_backend_channel.dart   |  35 ++-
 .../flet_backend_channel_javascript_io.dart   |   9 +-
 .../flet_backend_channel_javascript_web.dart  |  38 +--
 .../transport/flet_backend_channel_mock.dart  |  23 +-
 .../flet_backend_channel_socket.dart          |  74 +++--
 .../flet_backend_channel_web_socket.dart      |  27 +-
 .../protocol_muxed_data_channel.dart          |  77 +++++
 .../streaming_msgpack_deserializer.dart       | 291 ------------------
 .../test/transport/data_channel_test.dart     | 128 ++++++++
 .../flet-web/src/flet_web/fastapi/flet_app.py |  58 +++-
 sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/__init__.py |   3 +
 .../flet/src/flet/controls/base_control.py    |  20 ++
 .../packages/flet/src/flet/data_channel.py    | 153 +++++++++
 .../flet/src/flet/messaging/connection.py     |  36 +++
 .../flet/messaging/flet_dart_bridge_server.py |  59 +++-
 .../src/flet/messaging/flet_socket_server.py  |  85 ++++-
 .../src/flet/messaging/pyodide_connection.py  |  60 +++-
 22 files changed, 935 insertions(+), 412 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 packages/flet/lib/src/transport/data_channel.dart
 create mode 100644 packages/flet/lib/src/transport/protocol_muxed_data_channel.dart
 delete mode 100644 packages/flet/lib/src/transport/streaming_msgpack_deserializer.dart
 create mode 100644 packages/flet/test/transport/data_channel_test.dart
 create mode 100644 sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/data_channel.py

diff --git a/client/pubspec.lock b/client/pubspec.lock
index e095af5265..8028a32cb3 100644
--- a/client/pubspec.lock
+++ b/client/pubspec.lock
@@ -359,7 +359,7 @@ packages:
       path: "../packages/flet"
       relative: true
     source: path
-    version: "0.85.3"
+    version: "0.86.0"
   flet_ads:
     dependency: "direct main"
     description:
diff --git a/packages/flet/lib/flet.dart b/packages/flet/lib/flet.dart
index 4e01c2776d..da46bb70ce 100644
--- a/packages/flet/lib/flet.dart
+++ b/packages/flet/lib/flet.dart
@@ -17,10 +17,10 @@ export 'src/models/asset_source.dart';
 export 'src/models/control.dart';
 export 'src/models/page_size_view_model.dart';
 export 'src/protocol/message.dart';
+export 'src/transport/data_channel.dart';
 export 'src/transport/flet_backend_channel.dart';
 export 'src/transport/flet_msgpack_decoder.dart';
 export 'src/transport/flet_msgpack_encoder.dart';
-export 'src/transport/streaming_msgpack_deserializer.dart';
 export 'src/routing/deep_linking_bootstrap.dart';
 export 'src/testing/test_finder.dart';
 export 'src/testing/tester.dart';
diff --git a/packages/flet/lib/src/flet_app.dart b/packages/flet/lib/src/flet_app.dart
index 390ebcc8e9..1eb088187f 100644
--- a/packages/flet/lib/src/flet_app.dart
+++ b/packages/flet/lib/src/flet_app.dart
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import 'flet_backend.dart';
 import 'flet_extension.dart';
 import 'models/control.dart';
 import 'testing/tester.dart';
+import 'transport/data_channel.dart';
 import 'transport/flet_backend_channel.dart';
 
 /// FletApp - The top-level widget that initializes everything
@@ -33,6 +34,13 @@ class FletApp extends StatefulWidget {
   /// factory; [pageUrl] is then irrelevant for transport selection.
   final FletBackendChannelBuilder? channelBuilder;
 
+  /// Optional factory for high-throughput byte channels (see [DataChannel]).
+  /// Embedders that ship an in-process Python runtime can inject a
+  /// `PythonBridge`-backed factory here; when `null`, `FletBackend` falls
+  /// back to a built-in factory that muxes raw bytes over the regular Flet
+  /// protocol channel.
+  final DataChannelFactory? dataChannelFactory;
+
   const FletApp(
       {super.key,
       required this.pageUrl,
@@ -50,7 +58,8 @@ class FletApp extends StatefulWidget {
       this.forcePyodide,
       this.tester,
       this.multiView = false,
-      this.channelBuilder});
+      this.channelBuilder,
+      this.dataChannelFactory});
 
   @override
   State<FletApp> createState() => _FletAppState();
@@ -85,6 +94,7 @@ class _FletAppState extends State<FletApp> {
             tester: widget.tester,
             multiView: widget.multiView,
             channelBuilder: widget.channelBuilder,
+            dataChannelFactory: widget.dataChannelFactory,
             parentFletBackend:
                 Provider.of<FletBackend?>(context, listen: false));
       },
diff --git a/packages/flet/lib/src/flet_backend.dart b/packages/flet/lib/src/flet_backend.dart
index 641d979a8c..3a140314df 100644
--- a/packages/flet/lib/src/flet_backend.dart
+++ b/packages/flet/lib/src/flet_backend.dart
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import 'dart:convert';
 import 'package:device_info_plus/device_info_plus.dart';
 import 'package:flutter/foundation.dart';
 import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
+import 'package:msgpack_dart/msgpack_dart.dart' as msgpack;
 import 'package:provider/provider.dart';
 
 import 'flet_app_errors_handler.dart';
@@ -24,7 +25,11 @@ import 'protocol/register_client_response_body.dart';
 import 'protocol/session_crashed_body.dart';
 import 'protocol/update_control_body.dart';
 import 'testing/tester.dart';
+import 'transport/data_channel.dart';
 import 'transport/flet_backend_channel.dart';
+import 'transport/flet_msgpack_decoder.dart';
+import 'transport/flet_msgpack_encoder.dart';
+import 'transport/protocol_muxed_data_channel.dart';
 import 'utils/desktop.dart';
 import 'utils/images.dart';
 import 'utils/numbers.dart';
@@ -63,6 +68,13 @@ class FletBackend extends ChangeNotifier {
   int _reconnectDelayMs = 0;
   FletBackendChannel? _backendChannel;
   final FletBackendChannelBuilder? _channelBuilder;
+  late final DataChannelFactory _dataChannelFactory;
+  final DataChannelFactory? _injectedDataChannelFactory;
+  // Inbound mux registry for ProtocolMuxedDataChannel — type-byte 0x01
+  // frames are routed by channel_id to the matching channel's deliver hook.
+  // PythonBridge-backed DataChannels do NOT live in this registry (their
+  // bytes arrive on their own native port, never on the Flet transport).
+  final Map<int, ProtocolMuxedDataChannel> _dataChannels = {};
   final List<Message> _sendQueue = [];
   String route = "";
   bool isLoading = true;
@@ -106,12 +118,16 @@ class FletBackend extends ChangeNotifier {
       this.tester,
       required extensions,
       FletBackendChannelBuilder? channelBuilder,
+      DataChannelFactory? dataChannelFactory,
       FletBackend? parentFletBackend})
       : _parentFletBackend =
             parentFletBackend != null ? WeakReference(parentFletBackend) : null,
         _reconnectTimeoutMs = reconnectTimeoutMs,
         _reconnectIntervalMs = reconnectIntervalMs,
-        _channelBuilder = channelBuilder {
+        _channelBuilder = channelBuilder,
+        _injectedDataChannelFactory = dataChannelFactory {
+    _dataChannelFactory =
+        _injectedDataChannelFactory ?? ProtocolMuxedDataChannelFactory(this);
     // add Flet extension with core controls and services
     this.extensions = [...extensions, FletCoreExtension()];
 
@@ -186,14 +202,14 @@ class FletBackend extends ChangeNotifier {
         // bridge). The builder is responsible for the entire transport
         // lifecycle; we just wire its callbacks to ours.
         _backendChannel = builder(
-            onDisconnect: _onDisconnect, onMessage: _onMessage);
+            onDisconnect: _onDisconnect, onPacket: _onPacket);
       } else {
         _backendChannel = FletBackendChannel(
             address: pageUri.toString(),
             args: args ?? {},
             forcePyodide: forcePyodide == true,
             onDisconnect: _onDisconnect,
-            onMessage: _onMessage);
+            onPacket: _onPacket);
       }
       await _backendChannel!.connect();
       _registerClient();
@@ -204,6 +220,40 @@ class FletBackend extends ChangeNotifier {
     }
   }
 
+  /// Opens a dedicated [DataChannel] for high-throughput byte traffic from a
+  /// widget. In embedded mode this is backed by a fresh `PythonBridge`; in
+  /// dev / web modes it is a logical channel multiplexed over the active
+  /// [FletBackendChannel] (see [ProtocolMuxedDataChannelFactory]).
+  ///
+  /// Must be called from the main Isolate (it doesn't escape there, but
+  /// the returned channel is main-Isolate-bound either way).
+  DataChannel openDataChannel() => _dataChannelFactory.open();
+
+  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Mux registry — used by ProtocolMuxedDataChannel only.
+  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+  /// Registers a muxed data channel so inbound 0x01 frames for [id] are
+  /// routed to it. Called from [ProtocolMuxedDataChannel.<ctor>].
+  void registerDataChannel(int id, ProtocolMuxedDataChannel channel) {
+    assert(!_dataChannels.containsKey(id), "duplicate data channel id $id");
+    _dataChannels[id] = channel;
+  }
+
+  /// Removes [id] from the routing table. Called from
+  /// [ProtocolMuxedDataChannel.close]. Idempotent — frames for an
+  /// unregistered id are silently dropped.
+  void unregisterDataChannel(int id) {
+    _dataChannels.remove(id);
+  }
+
+  /// Sends a fully-formed packet on the active transport. Used by
+  /// [ProtocolMuxedDataChannel] to ship `[0x01][channel_id:u32 LE][bytes]`
+  /// alongside regular protocol traffic.
+  void sendRawPacket(Uint8List packet) {
+    _backendChannel?.send(packet);
+  }
+
   _registerClient() {
     debugPrint("Registering web client: $page");
     _send(
@@ -428,9 +478,42 @@ class FletBackend extends ChangeNotifier {
     return getAssetSrc(src, pageUri, assetsDir);
   }
 
-  _onMessage(Message message) {
+  /// Inbound transport dispatcher. Every packet starts with a 1-byte type
+  /// discriminator:
+  ///   0x00 → MsgPack-encoded Flet control frame (the existing protocol).
+  ///   0x01 → raw DataChannel frame `[channel_id:u32 LE][payload]`.
+  void _onPacket(Uint8List packet) {
+    if (packet.isEmpty) {
+      debugPrint("Dropping empty packet");
+      return;
+    }
+    final type = packet[0];
+    if (type == 0x00) {
+      // Decode the MsgPack body and dispatch as a Flet protocol message.
+      final body = msgpack.deserialize(
+          Uint8List.sublistView(packet, 1),
+          extDecoder: FletMsgpackDecoder());
+      _onMessage(Message.fromList(body));
+    } else if (type == 0x01) {
+      if (packet.length < 5) {
+        debugPrint("Dropping malformed data channel frame (len=${packet.length})");
+        return;
+      }
+      final channelId =
+          ByteData.sublistView(packet, 1, 5).getUint32(0, Endian.little);
+      final channel = _dataChannels[channelId];
+      if (channel == null) {
+        // Stale frame after channel.close() — silently drop.
+        return;
+      }
+      channel.deliver(Uint8List.sublistView(packet, 5));
+    } else {
+      debugPrint("Dropping packet with unknown type byte 0x${type.toRadixString(16)}");
+    }
+  }
+
+  void _onMessage(Message message) {
     debugPrint("Received message: ${message.toList()}");
-    //debugPrint("message.payload: ${message.payload}");
     switch (message.action) {
       case MessageAction.registerClient:
         _onClientRegistered(
@@ -580,7 +663,12 @@ class FletBackend extends ChangeNotifier {
   _send(Message message, {bool unbuffered = false}) {
     if (unbuffered || !isLoading) {
       debugPrint("_send: ${message.action} ${message.payload}");
-      _backendChannel?.send(message);
+      final encoded = msgpack.serialize(message.toList(),
+          extEncoder: FletMsgpackEncoder());
+      final packet = Uint8List(1 + encoded.length);
+      packet[0] = 0x00;
+      packet.setRange(1, packet.length, encoded);
+      _backendChannel?.send(packet);
     } else {
       _sendQueue.add(message);
     }
diff --git a/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/data_channel.dart b/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/data_channel.dart
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f0d39875a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/data_channel.dart
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+import 'dart:typed_data';
+
+/// One bidirectional byte channel between Dart and Python, dedicated to a
+/// single widget's bulk-data traffic.
+///
+/// The Dart side of an extension widget opens one via
+/// [FletBackend.openDataChannel] in `initState`, then announces it to Python
+/// by firing a `data_channel_open` control event carrying
+/// `{channel_name, channel_id: id}` — Python's handler retrieves the
+/// matching `DataChannel` via `Control.get_data_channel(channel_id)`.
+///
+/// Bytes flow over a transport chosen by the active [DataChannelFactory]:
+/// a dedicated `PythonBridge` per channel in embedded native mode, or a
+/// raw-byte frame muxed over the regular Flet protocol transport in dev /
+/// web modes (see `ProtocolMuxedDataChannelFactory`).
+///
+/// **Isolate scope.** [FletBackend.openDataChannel] runs on the main Isolate
+/// (it goes through `FletBackend.of(BuildContext)`). The returned channel —
+/// and, in embedded mode, the backing `PythonBridge` — therefore lives on
+/// the main Isolate. For per-Isolate bridges in worker Isolates, construct
+/// `PythonBridge` directly from `package:serious_python` and send the port
+/// back to the main Isolate via `SendPort` for the `data_channel_open`
+/// fire.
+abstract class DataChannel {
+  /// Stable identifier carried in the `data_channel_open` event payload so
+  /// Python can attach to the same channel. Implementation-specific: for
+  /// the `PythonBridge`-backed factory this is the Dart native port number,
+  /// for the muxed fallback it is a monotonic u32 minted by the factory.
+  int get id;
+
+  /// Bytes pushed from Python via this channel. Hot path — consumers should
+  /// avoid synchronous heavy work in the listener and instead enqueue to a
+  /// worker.
+  Stream<Uint8List> get messages;
+
+  /// Send bytes Dart → Python. Returns `false` only during the brief startup
+  /// window before the Python side has attached (embedded mode); widget
+  /// code should treat this as transient and retry / queue accordingly.
+  bool send(Uint8List bytes);
+
+  /// Releases the channel. Must be called from the widget's `dispose()`.
+  /// Idempotent.
+  void close();
+}
+
+/// Factory injected by the embedder. The `flet build` template injects a
+/// `PythonBridge`-backed factory for native mode; web / dev / Pyodide
+/// deployments leave this `null` and `FletBackend` falls back to the
+/// built-in `ProtocolMuxedDataChannelFactory` that rides the existing
+/// Flet protocol transport.
+abstract class DataChannelFactory {
+  /// Opens a fresh data channel. Each call mints a new id; a control may
+  /// open as many channels as it needs.
+  DataChannel open();
+}
diff --git a/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/flet_backend_channel.dart b/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/flet_backend_channel.dart
index 253b31dc55..7b99e1ce02 100644
--- a/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/flet_backend_channel.dart
+++ b/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/flet_backend_channel.dart
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-import '../protocol/message.dart';
+import 'dart:typed_data';
+
 import '../utils/platform_utils_web.dart'
     if (dart.library.io) "../utils/platform_utils_non_web.dart";
 import 'flet_backend_channel_javascript_web.dart'
@@ -8,7 +9,18 @@ import 'flet_backend_channel_socket.dart';
 import 'flet_backend_channel_web_socket.dart';
 
 typedef FletBackendChannelOnDisconnectCallback = void Function();
-typedef FletBackendChannelOnMessageCallback = void Function(Message message);
+
+/// Called when the transport receives one complete packet from the peer.
+/// The packet is the **full** byte sequence including the 1-byte type
+/// discriminator at offset 0:
+///
+///   `[type:u8][payload]`
+///
+/// where `type == 0x00` is a MsgPack-encoded Flet protocol frame and
+/// `type == 0x01` is a raw DataChannel frame (`[channel_id:u32 LE][bytes]`).
+/// Transports are responsible only for delivering packet boundaries; the
+/// type byte is interpreted by [FletBackend].
+typedef FletBackendChannelOnPacketCallback = void Function(Uint8List packet);
 
 /// Builds a custom [FletBackendChannel] supplied by the embedder.
 ///
@@ -18,7 +30,7 @@ typedef FletBackendChannelOnMessageCallback = void Function(Message message);
 /// that needs more setup than a `String address` URL can express, without
 /// forcing the `flet` package to take a Python-related dependency.
 typedef FletBackendChannelBuilder = FletBackendChannel Function({
-  required FletBackendChannelOnMessageCallback onMessage,
+  required FletBackendChannelOnPacketCallback onPacket,
   required FletBackendChannelOnDisconnectCallback onDisconnect,
 });
 
@@ -28,33 +40,38 @@ abstract class FletBackendChannel {
       required Map<String, dynamic> args,
       required bool forcePyodide,
       required FletBackendChannelOnDisconnectCallback onDisconnect,
-      required FletBackendChannelOnMessageCallback onMessage}) {
+      required FletBackendChannelOnPacketCallback onPacket}) {
     if (isPyodideMode() || forcePyodide) {
       // Pyodide/JavaScript
       return FletJavaScriptBackendChannel(
           address: address,
           args: args,
           onDisconnect: onDisconnect,
-          onMessage: onMessage);
+          onPacket: onPacket);
     } else if (address.startsWith("http://") ||
         address.startsWith("https://")) {
       // WebSocket
       return FletWebSocketBackendChannel(
-          address: address, onDisconnect: onDisconnect, onMessage: onMessage);
+          address: address, onDisconnect: onDisconnect, onPacket: onPacket);
     } else if (address == "mock") {
       // Mock
       return FletMockBackendChannel(
-          address: address, onDisconnect: onDisconnect, onMessage: onMessage);
+          address: address, onDisconnect: onDisconnect, onPacket: onPacket);
     } else {
       // TCP or UDS
       return FletSocketBackendChannel(
-          address: address, onDisconnect: onDisconnect, onMessage: onMessage);
+          address: address, onDisconnect: onDisconnect, onPacket: onPacket);
     }
   }
 
   Future connect();
   bool get isLocalConnection;
   int get defaultReconnectIntervalMs;
-  void send(Message message);
+
+  /// Sends one full packet — `[type:u8][payload]` — to the peer. The transport
+  /// is responsible for delimiting packet boundaries (length prefix on
+  /// stream-oriented transports; native message boundary on others).
+  void send(Uint8List packet);
+
   void disconnect();
 }
diff --git a/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/flet_backend_channel_javascript_io.dart b/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/flet_backend_channel_javascript_io.dart
index 65149e543f..1ed8c86b64 100644
--- a/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/flet_backend_channel_javascript_io.dart
+++ b/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/flet_backend_channel_javascript_io.dart
@@ -1,17 +1,18 @@
-import '../protocol/message.dart';
+import 'dart:typed_data';
+
 import 'flet_backend_channel.dart';
 
 class FletJavaScriptBackendChannel implements FletBackendChannel {
   final String address;
   final Map<String, dynamic> args;
-  final FletBackendChannelOnMessageCallback onMessage;
+  final FletBackendChannelOnPacketCallback onPacket;
   final FletBackendChannelOnDisconnectCallback onDisconnect;
 
   FletJavaScriptBackendChannel(
       {required this.address,
       required this.args,
       required this.onDisconnect,
-      required this.onMessage});
+      required this.onPacket});
 
   @override
   connect() async {}
@@ -23,7 +24,7 @@ class FletJavaScriptBackendChannel implements FletBackendChannel {
   int get defaultReconnectIntervalMs => 10;
 
   @override
-  void send(Message data) {}
+  void send(Uint8List packet) {}
 
   @override
   void disconnect() {}
diff --git a/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/flet_backend_channel_javascript_web.dart b/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/flet_backend_channel_javascript_web.dart
index 46a6933223..7b76dc8765 100644
--- a/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/flet_backend_channel_javascript_web.dart
+++ b/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/flet_backend_channel_javascript_web.dart
@@ -1,37 +1,35 @@
 import 'dart:js_interop';
 
 import 'package:flutter/foundation.dart';
-import 'package:msgpack_dart/msgpack_dart.dart' as msgpack;
 
-import '../protocol/message.dart';
 import 'flet_backend_channel.dart';
-import 'flet_msgpack_decoder.dart';
-import 'flet_msgpack_encoder.dart';
 
 @JS()
 external JSPromise jsConnect(
     String appId, JSAny args, JSExportedDartFunction onMessage);
 
+/// The optional `transferList` argument names ArrayBuffers (in `data`'s
+/// underlying buffer) whose ownership should transfer to the receiver —
+/// `postMessage` then avoids the structured-clone copy. We pass the
+/// packet's `.buffer` here so bulk DataChannel frames are zero-copy across
+/// the Worker boundary.
 @JS()
-external void jsSend(String appId, JSUint8Array data);
+external void jsSend(String appId, JSUint8Array data, JSArray<JSObject>? transferList);
 
 @JS()
 external void jsDisconnect(String appId);
 
-typedef FletBackendJavascriptChannelOnMessageCallback = void Function(
-    List<int> message);
-
 class FletJavaScriptBackendChannel implements FletBackendChannel {
   final String address;
   final Map<String, dynamic> args;
-  final FletBackendChannelOnMessageCallback onMessage;
+  final FletBackendChannelOnPacketCallback onPacket;
   final FletBackendChannelOnDisconnectCallback onDisconnect;
 
   FletJavaScriptBackendChannel(
       {required this.address,
       required this.args,
       required this.onDisconnect,
-      required this.onMessage});
+      required this.onPacket});
 
   @override
   connect() async {
@@ -40,8 +38,9 @@ class FletJavaScriptBackendChannel implements FletBackendChannel {
   }
 
   void _onMessage(JSUint8Array data) {
-    onMessage(Message.fromList(
-        msgpack.deserialize(data.toDart, extDecoder: FletMsgpackDecoder())));
+    // Each postMessage event is one packet — message boundaries are
+    // preserved by the underlying MessageChannel.
+    onPacket(data.toDart);
   }
 
   @override
@@ -51,12 +50,15 @@ class FletJavaScriptBackendChannel implements FletBackendChannel {
   int get defaultReconnectIntervalMs => 10000;
 
   @override
-  void send(Message message) {
-    jsSend(
-        address,
-        msgpack
-            .serialize(message.toList(), extEncoder: FletMsgpackEncoder())
-            .toJS);
+  void send(Uint8List packet) {
+    final jsBytes = packet.toJS;
+    // Transfer the underlying ArrayBuffer to the receiver — zero copy
+    // across the Worker boundary. Safe because the sender does not access
+    // `packet` after this call (FletBackend always builds a fresh buffer
+    // per send).
+    final jsBuffer = packet.buffer.toJS;
+    final transferList = <JSObject>[jsBuffer as JSObject].toJS;
+    jsSend(address, jsBytes, transferList);
   }
 
   @override
diff --git a/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/flet_backend_channel_mock.dart b/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/flet_backend_channel_mock.dart
index f583f23819..a0b53bde40 100644
--- a/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/flet_backend_channel_mock.dart
+++ b/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/flet_backend_channel_mock.dart
@@ -1,18 +1,32 @@
 import 'dart:math';
 
 import 'package:flutter/foundation.dart';
+import 'package:msgpack_dart/msgpack_dart.dart' as msgpack;
 
 import '../protocol/message.dart';
 import 'flet_backend_channel.dart';
+import 'flet_msgpack_encoder.dart';
 
 class FletMockBackendChannel implements FletBackendChannel {
-  FletBackendChannelOnMessageCallback onMessage;
+  FletBackendChannelOnPacketCallback onPacket;
   FletBackendChannelOnDisconnectCallback onDisconnect;
 
   FletMockBackendChannel(
       {required String address,
       required this.onDisconnect,
-      required this.onMessage});
+      required this.onPacket});
+
+  /// Wrap test-scenario `Message` payloads in the on-wire packet shape
+  /// `[0x00][msgpack(message.toList())]` so the inbound dispatcher sees
+  /// them through the same code path as real transports.
+  void onMessage(Message message) {
+    final encoded = msgpack.serialize(message.toList(),
+        extEncoder: FletMsgpackEncoder());
+    final packet = Uint8List(1 + encoded.length);
+    packet[0] = 0x00;
+    packet.setRange(1, packet.length, encoded);
+    onPacket(packet);
+  }
   @override
   bool get isLocalConnection => true;
 
@@ -296,8 +310,9 @@ class FletMockBackendChannel implements FletBackendChannel {
   }
 
   @override
-  void send(Message message) {
-    debugPrint("Send message: ${message.toList()}");
+  void send(Uint8List packet) {
+    debugPrint("Send packet: type=${packet.isNotEmpty ? packet[0] : -1} "
+        "len=${packet.length}");
   }
 
   @override
diff --git a/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/flet_backend_channel_socket.dart b/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/flet_backend_channel_socket.dart
index a1fcb79a01..3bcd5af2ca 100644
--- a/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/flet_backend_channel_socket.dart
+++ b/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/flet_backend_channel_socket.dart
@@ -1,36 +1,36 @@
 import 'dart:io';
+import 'dart:typed_data';
 
 import 'package:flutter/foundation.dart';
-import 'package:msgpack_dart/msgpack_dart.dart' as msgpack;
 
-import '../protocol/message.dart';
 import '../utils/networking.dart';
 import 'flet_backend_channel.dart';
-import 'flet_msgpack_decoder.dart';
-import 'flet_msgpack_encoder.dart';
-import 'streaming_msgpack_deserializer.dart';
 
 const int defaultLocalReconnectInterval = 200;
 const int defaultPublicReconnectInterval = 500;
 
+/// TCP / Unix-domain-socket transport.
+///
+/// Wire format: every packet on the wire is prefixed with its length as
+/// a 4-byte little-endian unsigned integer. The packet itself starts with
+/// the 1-byte type discriminator interpreted by [FletBackend]; we just
+/// deliver the payload bytes 1:1.
 class FletSocketBackendChannel implements FletBackendChannel {
   String address;
-  FletBackendChannelOnMessageCallback onMessage;
+  FletBackendChannelOnPacketCallback onPacket;
   FletBackendChannelOnDisconnectCallback onDisconnect;
   Socket? _socket;
   late final bool _isLocalConnection;
   late final int _defaultReconnectIntervalMs;
 
-  // Create an instance of the StreamingDeserializer.
-  // This object buffers incoming chunks and decodes complete MessagePack objects.
-  final StreamingMsgpackDeserializer _streamingDeserializer;
+  // Inbound framing state: accumulate bytes, parse length-prefixed packets.
+  final BytesBuilder _inboundBuffer = BytesBuilder(copy: false);
 
   FletSocketBackendChannel({
     required this.address,
     required this.onDisconnect,
-    required this.onMessage,
-  }) : _streamingDeserializer =
-            StreamingMsgpackDeserializer(extDecoder: FletMsgpackDecoder());
+    required this.onPacket,
+  });
 
   @override
   connect() async {
@@ -53,19 +53,8 @@ class FletSocketBackendChannel implements FletBackendChannel {
       debugPrint('Connected to: $udsPath');
     }
 
-    // Listen for incoming data.
     _socket!.listen(
-      (Uint8List data) {
-        debugPrint("Received packet: ${data.length}");
-        // Feed the incoming chunk into the streaming deserializer.
-        _streamingDeserializer.addChunk(data);
-        // Try to decode complete MessagePack messages from buffered data.
-        var messages = _streamingDeserializer.decodeMessages();
-        for (var message in messages) {
-          //debugPrint('Decoded message: ${message.toString()}');
-          _onMessage(message);
-        }
-      },
+      _onBytes,
       onError: (error) {
         debugPrint("Error: $error");
         _socket?.destroy();
@@ -79,22 +68,41 @@ class FletSocketBackendChannel implements FletBackendChannel {
     );
   }
 
+  void _onBytes(Uint8List chunk) {
+    _inboundBuffer.add(chunk);
+    // Parse as many complete packets as the buffer currently holds.
+    while (true) {
+      final buffered = _inboundBuffer.length;
+      if (buffered < 4) return;
+      final bytes = _inboundBuffer.toBytes();
+      final len = ByteData.sublistView(bytes, 0, 4).getUint32(0, Endian.little);
+      if (bytes.length < 4 + len) {
+        // Reset builder to the partial-packet remainder so we accumulate
+        // the rest on the next read.
+        _inboundBuffer.clear();
+        _inboundBuffer.add(bytes);
+        return;
+      }
+      final packet = Uint8List.sublistView(bytes, 4, 4 + len);
+      onPacket(packet);
+      _inboundBuffer.clear();
+      if (bytes.length > 4 + len) {
+        _inboundBuffer.add(Uint8List.sublistView(bytes, 4 + len));
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
   @override
   bool get isLocalConnection => _isLocalConnection;
 
   @override
   int get defaultReconnectIntervalMs => _defaultReconnectIntervalMs;
 
-  // Note: At this point, the incoming message is already a decoded MessagePack object.
-  _onMessage(dynamic message) {
-    onMessage(Message.fromList(message));
-  }
-
   @override
-  void send(Message message) {
-    // Serialize the message using MessagePack and send it.
-    _socket!.add(
-        msgpack.serialize(message.toList(), extEncoder: FletMsgpackEncoder()));
+  void send(Uint8List packet) {
+    final header = ByteData(4)..setUint32(0, packet.length, Endian.little);
+    _socket!.add(header.buffer.asUint8List());
+    _socket!.add(packet);
   }
 
   @override
diff --git a/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/flet_backend_channel_web_socket.dart b/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/flet_backend_channel_web_socket.dart
index 34cb16580c..4529e6532b 100644
--- a/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/flet_backend_channel_web_socket.dart
+++ b/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/flet_backend_channel_web_socket.dart
@@ -1,27 +1,23 @@
 import 'package:flutter/foundation.dart';
-import 'package:msgpack_dart/msgpack_dart.dart' as msgpack;
 import 'package:web_socket_channel/web_socket_channel.dart';
 
-import '../protocol/message.dart';
 import '../utils/networking.dart';
 import '../utils/platform_utils_web.dart'
     if (dart.library.io) "../utils/platform_utils_non_web.dart";
 import '../utils/uri.dart';
 import 'flet_backend_channel.dart';
-import 'flet_msgpack_decoder.dart';
-import 'flet_msgpack_encoder.dart';
 
 class FletWebSocketBackendChannel implements FletBackendChannel {
   late final String _wsUrl;
   late final bool _isLocalConnection;
-  FletBackendChannelOnMessageCallback onMessage;
+  FletBackendChannelOnPacketCallback onPacket;
   FletBackendChannelOnDisconnectCallback onDisconnect;
   WebSocketChannel? _channel;
 
   FletWebSocketBackendChannel(
       {required String address,
       required this.onDisconnect,
-      required this.onMessage}) {
+      required this.onPacket}) {
     _wsUrl = getWebSocketEndpoint(Uri.parse(address));
   }
 
@@ -35,7 +31,6 @@ class FletWebSocketBackendChannel implements FletBackendChannel {
   Future connect() async {
     debugPrint("Connecting to WebSocket $_wsUrl...");
     try {
-      // todo
       var uri = Uri.parse(_wsUrl);
       if (kIsWeb) {
         _isLocalConnection = isLocalhost(uri);
@@ -56,15 +51,21 @@ class FletWebSocketBackendChannel implements FletBackendChannel {
     });
   }
 
-  _onMessage(message) {
-    onMessage(Message.fromList(
-        msgpack.deserialize(message, extDecoder: FletMsgpackDecoder())));
+  void _onMessage(dynamic message) {
+    // Each WebSocket binary message is one complete packet — message
+    // boundaries are preserved by the transport, no framing needed here.
+    if (message is Uint8List) {
+      onPacket(message);
+    } else if (message is List<int>) {
+      onPacket(Uint8List.fromList(message));
+    } else {
+      debugPrint("Unexpected WebSocket message type: ${message.runtimeType}");
+    }
   }
 
   @override
-  void send(Message message) {
-    _channel?.sink.add(
-        msgpack.serialize(message.toList(), extEncoder: FletMsgpackEncoder()));
+  void send(Uint8List packet) {
+    _channel?.sink.add(packet);
   }
 
   @override
diff --git a/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/protocol_muxed_data_channel.dart b/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/protocol_muxed_data_channel.dart
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6dc9569d04
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/protocol_muxed_data_channel.dart
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+import 'dart:async';
+import 'dart:typed_data';
+
+import '../flet_backend.dart';
+import 'data_channel.dart';
+
+/// Default [DataChannelFactory] used when the embedder does not inject a
+/// faster transport (i.e. dev mode `flet run` over UDS/TCP, web with
+/// Python server, web with Pyodide). Allocates a monotonic 32-bit id per
+/// channel and ships frames as `[0x01][channel_id:u32 LE][payload]` over
+/// the active [FletBackendChannel] alongside regular Flet protocol traffic.
+///
+/// Ids start at 1; 0 is reserved as the "unallocated" sentinel for the
+/// `channel_id` field on a control before Dart has minted one. Counter is
+/// session-scoped (one [FletBackend] = one session); at one allocation
+/// per microsecond the space lasts ~1 hour, well past any realistic
+/// channel-churn pattern.
+class ProtocolMuxedDataChannelFactory implements DataChannelFactory {
+  ProtocolMuxedDataChannelFactory(this._backend);
+  final FletBackend _backend;
+  int _nextId = 1;
+
+  @override
+  DataChannel open() {
+    final id = _nextId++;
+    return ProtocolMuxedDataChannel(_backend, id);
+  }
+}
+
+/// Concrete [DataChannel] that rides the Flet protocol transport. Frames
+/// are wrapped as `[0x01][channel_id:u32 LE][payload]`; inbound frames are
+/// dispatched to [deliver] via [FletBackend]'s mux registry.
+class ProtocolMuxedDataChannel implements DataChannel {
+  ProtocolMuxedDataChannel(this._backend, this._id) {
+    _backend.registerDataChannel(_id, this);
+  }
+
+  final FletBackend _backend;
+  final int _id;
+  final StreamController<Uint8List> _controller =
+      StreamController<Uint8List>.broadcast();
+  bool _closed = false;
+
+  @override
+  int get id => _id;
+
+  @override
+  Stream<Uint8List> get messages => _controller.stream;
+
+  @override
+  bool send(Uint8List bytes) {
+    if (_closed) return false;
+    // Header: [0x01][channel_id:u32 LE]. Single allocation for the whole
+    // packet (no BytesBuilder copies) — keeps the hot path tight.
+    final packet = Uint8List(5 + bytes.length);
+    packet[0] = 0x01;
+    final view = ByteData.sublistView(packet, 1, 5);
+    view.setUint32(0, _id, Endian.little);
+    packet.setRange(5, packet.length, bytes);
+    _backend.sendRawPacket(packet);
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  /// Called by [FletBackend._onPacket] when a 0x01 frame arrives for this id.
+  void deliver(Uint8List bytes) {
+    if (_closed) return;
+    _controller.add(bytes);
+  }
+
+  @override
+  void close() {
+    if (_closed) return;
+    _closed = true;
+    _backend.unregisterDataChannel(_id);
+    _controller.close();
+  }
+}
diff --git a/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/streaming_msgpack_deserializer.dart b/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/streaming_msgpack_deserializer.dart
deleted file mode 100644
index 41c8dff14b..0000000000
--- a/packages/flet/lib/src/transport/streaming_msgpack_deserializer.dart
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,291 +0,0 @@
-import 'dart:convert';
-import 'dart:typed_data';
-
-import 'package:msgpack_dart/msgpack_dart.dart';
-
-/// Thrown when a complete MessagePack object cannot be decoded
-/// because the data is incomplete.
-class IncompleteDataError extends FormatError {
-  IncompleteDataError(super.message);
-}
-
-class _Deserializer {
-  final ExtDecoder? _extDecoder;
-  final codec = const Utf8Codec();
-  final Uint8List _list;
-  final ByteData _data;
-  int _offset = 0;
-
-  /// If false, decoded binary data buffers will reference underlying input
-  /// buffer and thus may change when the content of input buffer changes.
-  /// If true, decoded buffers are copies and the underlying input buffer is
-  /// free to change after decoding.
-  final bool copyBinaryData;
-
-  /// The current offset after decoding
-  int get offset => _offset;
-
-  _Deserializer(
-    Uint8List list, {
-    ExtDecoder? extDecoder,
-    this.copyBinaryData = false,
-    int initialOffset = 0,
-  })  : _list = list,
-        _data =
-            ByteData.view(list.buffer, list.offsetInBytes, list.lengthInBytes),
-        _extDecoder = extDecoder {
-    _offset = initialOffset;
-  }
-
-  // Checks that at least [required] bytes are available,
-  // or throws an IncompleteDataError.
-  void _ensureAvailable(int required) {
-    if (_offset + required > _list.length) {
-      throw IncompleteDataError(
-          "Not enough data: require $required more bytes, available ${_list.length - _offset}");
-    }
-  }
-
-  dynamic decode() {
-    _ensureAvailable(1);
-    final u = _list[_offset++];
-    if (u <= 127) {
-      return u;
-    } else if ((u & 0xE0) == 0xE0) {
-      // negative small integer
-      return u - 256;
-    } else if ((u & 0xE0) == 0xA0) {
-      return _readString(u & 0x1F);
-    } else if ((u & 0xF0) == 0x90) {
-      return _readArray(u & 0xF);
-    } else if ((u & 0xF0) == 0x80) {
-      return _readMap(u & 0xF);
-    }
-    switch (u) {
-      case 0xc0:
-        return null;
-      case 0xc2:
-        return false;
-      case 0xc3:
-        return true;
-      case 0xcc:
-        return _readUInt8();
-      case 0xcd:
-        return _readUInt16();
-      case 0xce:
-        return _readUInt32();
-      case 0xcf:
-        return _readUInt64();
-      case 0xd0:
-        return _readInt8();
-      case 0xd1:
-        return _readInt16();
-      case 0xd2:
-        return _readInt32();
-      case 0xd3:
-        return _readInt64();
-      case 0xca:
-        return _readFloat();
-      case 0xcb:
-        return _readDouble();
-      case 0xd9:
-        return _readString(_readUInt8());
-      case 0xda:
-        return _readString(_readUInt16());
-      case 0xdb:
-        return _readString(_readUInt32());
-      case 0xc4:
-        return _readBuffer(_readUInt8());
-      case 0xc5:
-        return _readBuffer(_readUInt16());
-      case 0xc6:
-        return _readBuffer(_readUInt32());
-      case 0xdc:
-        return _readArray(_readUInt16());
-      case 0xdd:
-        return _readArray(_readUInt32());
-      case 0xde:
-        return _readMap(_readUInt16());
-      case 0xdf:
-        return _readMap(_readUInt32());
-      case 0xd4:
-        return _readExt(1);
-      case 0xd5:
-        return _readExt(2);
-      case 0xd6:
-        return _readExt(4);
-      case 0xd7:
-        return _readExt(8);
-      case 0xd8:
-        return _readExt(16);
-      case 0xc7:
-        return _readExt(_readUInt8());
-      case 0xc8:
-        return _readExt(_readUInt16());
-      case 0xc9:
-        return _readExt(_readUInt32());
-      default:
-        throw FormatError("Invalid MessagePack format");
-    }
-  }
-
-  int _readInt8() {
-    _ensureAvailable(1);
-    return _data.getInt8(_offset++);
-  }
-
-  int _readUInt8() {
-    _ensureAvailable(1);
-    return _data.getUint8(_offset++);
-  }
-
-  int _readUInt16() {
-    _ensureAvailable(2);
-    final res = _data.getUint16(_offset);
-    _offset += 2;
-    return res;
-  }
-
-  int _readInt16() {
-    _ensureAvailable(2);
-    final res = _data.getInt16(_offset);
-    _offset += 2;
-    return res;
-  }
-
-  int _readUInt32() {
-    _ensureAvailable(4);
-    final res = _data.getUint32(_offset);
-    _offset += 4;
-    return res;
-  }
-
-  int _readInt32() {
-    _ensureAvailable(4);
-    final res = _data.getInt32(_offset);
-    _offset += 4;
-    return res;
-  }
-
-  int _readUInt64() {
-    _ensureAvailable(8);
-    final res = _data.getUint64(_offset);
-    _offset += 8;
-    return res;
-  }
-
-  int _readInt64() {
-    _ensureAvailable(8);
-    final res = _data.getInt64(_offset);
-    _offset += 8;
-    return res;
-  }
-
-  double _readFloat() {
-    _ensureAvailable(4);
-    final res = _data.getFloat32(_offset);
-    _offset += 4;
-    return res;
-  }
-
-  double _readDouble() {
-    _ensureAvailable(8);
-    final res = _data.getFloat64(_offset);
-    _offset += 8;
-    return res;
-  }
-
-  Uint8List _readBuffer(int length) {
-    _ensureAvailable(length);
-    final res =
-        Uint8List.view(_list.buffer, _list.offsetInBytes + _offset, length);
-    _offset += length;
-    return copyBinaryData ? Uint8List.fromList(res) : res;
-  }
-
-  String _readString(int length) {
-    final list = _readBuffer(length);
-    final len = list.length;
-    for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
-      if (list[i] > 127) {
-        return codec.decode(list);
-      }
-    }
-    return String.fromCharCodes(list);
-  }
-
-  List _readArray(int length) {
-    final res = List<dynamic>.filled(length, null, growable: false);
-    for (int i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
-      res[i] = decode();
-    }
-    return res;
-  }
-
-  Map _readMap(int length) {
-    final res = {};
-    while (length > 0) {
-      res[decode()] = decode();
-      --length;
-    }
-    return res;
-  }
-
-  dynamic _readExt(int length) {
-    final extType = _readUInt8();
-    final data = _readBuffer(length);
-    return _extDecoder?.decodeObject(extType, data);
-  }
-}
-
-/// A helper to decode MessagePack data as it arrives in chunks.
-/// Call [addChunk] for every incoming piece of data,
-/// then [decodeMessages] to retrieve complete messages.
-class StreamingMsgpackDeserializer {
-  final ExtDecoder? _extDecoder;
-  final bool copyBinaryData;
-  final BytesBuilder _buffer = BytesBuilder();
-
-  StreamingMsgpackDeserializer(
-      {ExtDecoder? extDecoder, this.copyBinaryData = false})
-      : _extDecoder = extDecoder;
-
-  /// Adds a new chunk of MessagePack data.
-  void addChunk(Uint8List chunk) {
-    _buffer.add(chunk);
-  }
-
-  /// Attempts to decode as many complete messages as possible
-  /// from the buffered data. Incomplete trailing data remains in the buffer.
-  List<dynamic> decodeMessages() {
-    List<dynamic> messages = [];
-    Uint8List data = _buffer.takeBytes();
-    int offset = 0;
-    while (offset < data.length) {
-      try {
-        // Create a Deserializer using the current offset
-        _Deserializer d = _Deserializer(
-          data,
-          extDecoder: _extDecoder,
-          copyBinaryData: copyBinaryData,
-          initialOffset: offset,
-        );
-        dynamic message = d.decode();
-        messages.add(message);
-        offset = d.offset;
-      } on IncompleteDataError {
-        // Not enough data to decode a full message; break out of the loop.
-        break;
-      } on FormatError {
-        // For actual format errors (not just incomplete data),
-        // rethrow or handle as needed.
-        rethrow;
-      }
-    }
-    // If there is any leftover (incomplete) data, put it back into the buffer.
-    if (offset < data.length) {
-      _buffer.add(data.sublist(offset));
-    }
-    return messages;
-  }
-}
diff --git a/packages/flet/test/transport/data_channel_test.dart b/packages/flet/test/transport/data_channel_test.dart
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..750caf9171
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/flet/test/transport/data_channel_test.dart
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+import 'dart:async';
+import 'dart:typed_data';
+
+import 'package:flet/flet.dart';
+import 'package:flet/src/transport/protocol_muxed_data_channel.dart';
+import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';
+
+/// Minimal in-memory transport: captures outbound packets and lets the test
+/// inject inbound ones, exercising FletBackend's type-byte dispatch + the
+/// muxed DataChannel routing without spinning up a real transport.
+class _FakeChannel implements FletBackendChannel {
+  final List<Uint8List> sent = [];
+  late FletBackendChannelOnPacketCallback _onPacket;
+
+  FletBackendChannelBuilder get builder => ({
+        required FletBackendChannelOnPacketCallback onPacket,
+        required FletBackendChannelOnDisconnectCallback onDisconnect,
+      }) {
+        _onPacket = onPacket;
+        return this;
+      };
+
+  void deliver(Uint8List packet) => _onPacket(packet);
+
+  @override
+  Future connect() async {}
+
+  @override
+  bool get isLocalConnection => true;
+
+  @override
+  int get defaultReconnectIntervalMs => 0;
+
+  @override
+  void send(Uint8List packet) => sent.add(Uint8List.fromList(packet));
+
+  @override
+  void disconnect() {}
+}
+
+void main() {
+  group('ProtocolMuxedDataChannel wire format', () {
+    test('send emits [0x01][channel_id:u32 LE][payload]', () {
+      final backend = FletBackend(
+          pageUri: Uri.parse("mock"),
+          assetsDir: "",
+          extensions: [],
+          multiView: false);
+      final ch1 = backend.openDataChannel();
+      final ch2 = backend.openDataChannel();
+      expect(ch1.id, 1);
+      expect(ch2.id, 2);
+    });
+
+    test('inbound 0x01 frame routes to the right channel', () async {
+      final fake = _FakeChannel();
+      final backend = FletBackend(
+          pageUri: Uri.parse("mock"),
+          assetsDir: "",
+          extensions: [],
+          multiView: false,
+          channelBuilder: fake.builder);
+      // Trigger the connect path so FletBackend wires the fake's onPacket.
+      // We don't await — connect() also tries _registerClient which goes
+      // through the (now unused) channel send path; both are fine for this
+      // smoke test.
+      // ignore: unawaited_futures
+      backend.connect();
+
+      final chA = backend.openDataChannel() as ProtocolMuxedDataChannel;
+      final chB = backend.openDataChannel() as ProtocolMuxedDataChannel;
+
+      final aFrames = <Uint8List>[];
+      final bFrames = <Uint8List>[];
+      chA.messages.listen(aFrames.add);
+      chB.messages.listen(bFrames.add);
+
+      // Inbound for channel B (id=2) → 0x01, id LE, payload.
+      final inbound = Uint8List(5 + 3);
+      inbound[0] = 0x01;
+      ByteData.sublistView(inbound, 1, 5).setUint32(0, chB.id, Endian.little);
+      inbound.setRange(5, 8, [10, 20, 30]);
+      fake.deliver(inbound);
+
+      // Let the stream-controller microtask flush.
+      await Future<void>.delayed(Duration.zero);
+
+      expect(aFrames, isEmpty);
+      expect(bFrames, hasLength(1));
+      expect(bFrames.single, equals(Uint8List.fromList([10, 20, 30])));
+
+      // Stale frame for closed channel is silently dropped.
+      chA.close();
+      final staleA = Uint8List(5 + 1);
+      staleA[0] = 0x01;
+      ByteData.sublistView(staleA, 1, 5).setUint32(0, 1, Endian.little);
+      staleA[5] = 99;
+      fake.deliver(staleA); // no throw, no delivery
+    });
+
+    test('outbound send emits the muxed packet shape', () async {
+      final fake = _FakeChannel();
+      final backend = FletBackend(
+          pageUri: Uri.parse("mock"),
+          assetsDir: "",
+          extensions: [],
+          multiView: false,
+          channelBuilder: fake.builder);
+      // ignore: unawaited_futures
+      backend.connect();
+
+      // Drain the register-client packet that FletBackend.connect emits.
+      final preCount = fake.sent.length;
+
+      final ch = backend.openDataChannel();
+      ch.send(Uint8List.fromList([0xAA, 0xBB, 0xCC]));
+
+      // Filter to the 0x01 packets we care about.
+      final dataPackets =
+          fake.sent.skip(preCount).where((p) => p.isNotEmpty && p[0] == 0x01).toList();
+      expect(dataPackets, hasLength(1));
+      final p = dataPackets.single;
+      expect(p[0], 0x01);
+      expect(ByteData.sublistView(p, 1, 5).getUint32(0, Endian.little), ch.id);
+      expect(p.sublist(5), equals(Uint8List.fromList([0xAA, 0xBB, 0xCC])));
+    });
+  });
+}
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet-web/src/flet_web/fastapi/flet_app.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet-web/src/flet_web/fastapi/flet_app.py
index 2c920c5b02..aa8e628f08 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet-web/src/flet_web/fastapi/flet_app.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet-web/src/flet_web/fastapi/flet_app.py
@@ -96,6 +96,11 @@ def __init__(
         self.__upload_endpoint_path = upload_endpoint_path
         self.__secret_key = secret_key
 
+        # DataChannel mux registry keyed by channel_id minted on the Dart
+        # side. Populated lazily on the first Control.get_data_channel(id)
+        # call. Frames for unknown ids are silently dropped.
+        self._data_channels: dict[int, Any] = {}
+
         app_id = self.__id
         weakref.finalize(
             self, lambda: logger.info(f"FletApp was garbage collected: {app_id}")
@@ -214,6 +219,11 @@ async def __receive_loop(self):
         """
         Receive binary frames from WebSocket and dispatch decoded client messages.
 
+        Wire format: each WebSocket binary frame is one packet —
+        `[type:u8][payload]`. type=0x00 is a MsgPack-encoded Flet protocol
+        frame; type=0x01 is a raw DataChannel frame
+        (`[channel_id:u32 LE][bytes]`).
+
         On disconnect/error, terminates send loop via queue sentinel when a
         session is active.
         """
@@ -222,9 +232,23 @@ async def __receive_loop(self):
         try:
             while True:
                 data = await self.__websocket.receive_bytes()
-                await self.__on_message(
-                    msgpack.unpackb(data, ext_hook=decode_ext_from_msgpack)
-                )
+                if not data:
+                    continue
+                ptype = data[0]
+                if ptype == 0x00:
+                    await self.__on_message(
+                        msgpack.unpackb(data[1:], ext_hook=decode_ext_from_msgpack)
+                    )
+                elif ptype == 0x01:
+                    if len(data) < 5:
+                        logger.debug("Dropping malformed data-channel frame.")
+                        continue
+                    channel_id = int.from_bytes(data[1:5], "little", signed=False)
+                    channel = self._data_channels.get(channel_id)
+                    if channel is not None:
+                        channel._deliver(data[5:])
+                else:
+                    logger.debug("Dropping packet with unknown type 0x%02x", ptype)
         except Exception as e:
             if not isinstance(e, WebSocketDisconnect):
                 logger.warning(f"Receive loop error: {e}", exc_info=True)
@@ -383,16 +407,40 @@ def send_message(self, message: ClientMessage):
         """
         Serialize and enqueue a server message for transport to the client.
 
+        Wire format: one packet per `send_bytes` call —
+        `[0x00][msgpack body]`. WebSocket preserves message boundaries so
+        no length prefix is needed.
+
         Args:
             message: Outbound protocol message.
         """
 
         transport_log.debug(f"send_message: {message}")
-        m = msgpack.packb(
+        body = msgpack.packb(
             [message.action, message.body],
             default=configure_encode_object_for_msgpack(BaseControl),
         )
-        self.__send_queue.put_nowait(m)
+        self.__send_queue.put_nowait(b"\x00" + body)
+
+    def send_data_channel_frame(self, channel_id: int, payload: bytes) -> None:
+        """Send a raw DataChannel frame `[0x01][channel_id:u32 LE][bytes]`
+        over the WebSocket. Called by `_ProtocolMuxedDataChannel.send`."""
+        header = b"\x01" + channel_id.to_bytes(4, "little", signed=False)
+        self.__send_queue.put_nowait(header + payload)
+
+    def data_channel_for(self, channel_id: int):
+        """Resolve or construct the muxed DataChannel for `channel_id`."""
+        from flet.data_channel import _ProtocolMuxedDataChannel
+
+        existing = self._data_channels.get(channel_id)
+        if existing is not None:
+            return existing
+        channel = _ProtocolMuxedDataChannel(channel_id, self)
+        self._data_channels[channel_id] = channel
+        return channel
+
+    def unregister_data_channel(self, channel_id: int) -> None:
+        self._data_channels.pop(channel_id, None)
 
     def get_upload_url(self, file_name: str, expires: int) -> str:
         """
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/__init__.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/__init__.py
index ee854e7b27..37ac5880b9 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/__init__.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/__init__.py
@@ -562,6 +562,7 @@
     VisualDensity,
     WebRenderer,
 )
+from flet.data_channel import DataChannel, DataChannelOpenEvent
 from flet.pubsub.pubsub_client import PubSubClient
 from flet.pubsub.pubsub_hub import PubSubHub
 from flet.version import flet_version as __version__
@@ -755,6 +756,8 @@
     "CupertinoTimerPickerMode",
     "CupertinoTintedButton",
     "DataCell",
+    "DataChannel",
+    "DataChannelOpenEvent",
     "DataColumn",
     "DataColumnSortEvent",
     "DataRow",
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/controls/base_control.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/controls/base_control.py
index 95e29de41c..86ceb41ff4 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/controls/base_control.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/controls/base_control.py
@@ -362,6 +362,26 @@ def will_unmount(self):
         controls_log.debug("%s.will_unmount()", self)
         pass
 
+    def get_data_channel(self, channel_id: int):
+        """
+        Resolve the [DataChannel] allocated on the Dart side for this
+        widget. Pattern:
+
+            on_data_channel_open: Optional[ft.EventHandler[DataChannelOpenEvent]] = None
+
+            def init(self):
+                self.on_data_channel_open = self._on_open
+
+            def _on_open(self, e):
+                self._channel = self.get_data_channel(e.channel_id)
+
+        Idempotent — the underlying Connection caches DataChannels by id,
+        so repeated calls return the same instance. No error path: the id
+        always comes from a framework-fired event, so by the time this
+        runs the channel exists on both sides.
+        """
+        return self.page.session.connection.data_channel_for(channel_id)
+
     # public methods
     def update(self) -> None:
         """
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/data_channel.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/data_channel.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ae3065c12d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/data_channel.py
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+"""Widget-facing byte-channel API.
+
+A `DataChannel` is a dedicated bidirectional byte transport between a
+single widget's Dart side and its Python counterpart, separate from the
+Flet control protocol. Used for bulk binary data — image frames, audio
+buffers, ML tensors — that would otherwise pay MsgPack encode/decode
+overhead through the regular protocol channel.
+
+The transport implementation is chosen by the active Connection subclass:
+
+- `FletDartBridgeServer` (embedded native via `dart_bridge`): each
+  channel rides its own dedicated PythonBridge native port (4–7 GiB/s on
+  M2 Pro).
+- `FletSocketServer` / `flet_web.fastapi.FletApp` (dev mode, web with
+  Python server): bytes are muxed over the active Flet protocol
+  transport with a 1-byte type discriminator (0x01) + 4-byte channel id.
+
+Allocation lives on the Dart side. The widget's Dart code calls
+`FletBackend.of(context).openDataChannel()` in `initState`, then fires a
+`data_channel_open` control event carrying `{channel_name, channel_id}`.
+The Python widget declares `on_data_channel_open:
+Optional[ft.EventHandler[DataChannelOpenEvent]] = None` and inside the
+handler calls `self.get_data_channel(e.channel_id)` to attach.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import contextlib
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Callable
+
+from flet.controls.control_event import Event
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from flet.messaging.connection import Connection
+
+
+@dataclass
+class DataChannelOpenEvent(Event["BaseControl"]):
+    """Fired by Dart when it opens a DataChannel for a control. Carry the
+    channel id (Dart native port in embedded mode, monotonic u32 in muxed
+    fallback) plus a user-defined `channel_name` so widgets that open
+    several channels can dispatch.
+
+    Note: the field is `channel_name`, not `name`, because `Event.name`
+    already carries the event's own name (`"data_channel_open"`).
+    """
+
+    channel_name: str = ""
+    channel_id: int = 0
+
+
+class DataChannel(ABC):
+    """Abstract widget-facing byte channel."""
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def on_bytes(self, handler: Callable[[bytes], None] | None) -> None:
+        """Register a handler for bytes pushed from Dart. Pass `None` to
+        clear. The handler runs synchronously on whatever thread the
+        transport delivers from — push heavy work to a queue/worker."""
+        ...
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def send(self, payload: bytes) -> None:
+        """Send bytes Python → Dart. Fire-and-forget."""
+        ...
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        """Release the channel. Idempotent."""
+        ...
+
+
+class _DartBridgeDataChannel(DataChannel):
+    """Embedded native mode: bytes flow over a dedicated PythonBridge port.
+    `channel_id` is the Dart native port number minted on the Dart side.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, port: int) -> None:
+        import dart_bridge  # type: ignore — built-in module from libdart_bridge
+
+        self._port = port
+        self._dart_bridge = dart_bridge
+        self._handler: Callable[[bytes], None] | None = None
+        self._closed = False
+
+    def on_bytes(self, handler: Callable[[bytes], None] | None) -> None:
+        self._handler = handler
+        self._dart_bridge.set_enqueue_handler_func(self._port, handler)
+
+    def send(self, payload: bytes) -> None:
+        if self._closed:
+            return
+        self._dart_bridge.send_bytes(self._port, payload)
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        if self._closed:
+            return
+        self._closed = True
+        if self._handler is not None:
+            with contextlib.suppress(Exception):
+                self._dart_bridge.set_enqueue_handler_func(self._port, None)
+            self._handler = None
+
+
+class _ProtocolMuxedDataChannel(DataChannel):
+    """Non-embedded modes: bytes ride the Flet protocol transport as
+    `[0x01][channel_id:u32 LE][payload]` frames. The owning Connection
+    routes inbound frames here via `_deliver()`.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, channel_id: int, conn: Connection) -> None:
+        self._id = channel_id
+        self._conn = conn
+        self._handler: Callable[[bytes], None] | None = None
+        self._closed = False
+
+    def on_bytes(self, handler: Callable[[bytes], None] | None) -> None:
+        self._handler = handler
+
+    def send(self, payload: bytes) -> None:
+        if self._closed:
+            return
+        # Connection knows the wire format for its transport (length
+        # prefix on stream transports, none on message transports).
+        self._conn.send_data_channel_frame(self._id, payload)
+
+    def _deliver(self, payload: bytes) -> None:
+        if self._closed:
+            return
+        handler = self._handler
+        if handler is not None:
+            try:
+                handler(payload)
+            except Exception:
+                import logging
+
+                logging.getLogger("flet").exception(
+                    "DataChannel handler raised; channel id=%s", self._id
+                )
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        if self._closed:
+            return
+        self._closed = True
+        # Connection's unregister is best-effort — duplicate unregisters
+        # are safe.
+        unreg = getattr(self._conn, "unregister_data_channel", None)
+        if unreg is not None:
+            with contextlib.suppress(Exception):
+                unreg(self._id)
+        self._handler = None
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/messaging/connection.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/messaging/connection.py
index aa80edd72d..b4aa05081b 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/messaging/connection.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/messaging/connection.py
@@ -120,3 +120,39 @@ def dispose(self):
         Subclasses can override this method to clean up transport-specific state.
         """
         pass
+
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # DataChannel transport hooks. Subclasses implement these for the
+    # transports that carry widget byte channels: dart_bridge mode (each
+    # channel = a dedicated PythonBridge port), socket / WebSocket modes
+    # (channel frames muxed over the same protocol transport).
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def data_channel_for(self, channel_id: int):
+        """Return the `DataChannel` for `channel_id` allocated on the Dart
+        side. Idempotent — subsequent calls with the same id return the
+        same instance within the session.
+
+        Called by `Control.get_data_channel(id)` after a `data_channel_open`
+        event arrives.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            f"{type(self).__name__} does not support DataChannel "
+            "(transport-specific implementation missing)."
+        )
+
+    def send_data_channel_frame(self, channel_id: int, payload: bytes) -> None:
+        """Send a raw DataChannel frame for `channel_id`. Used by the
+        protocol-muxed implementation only — dart_bridge channels go
+        through their own dedicated `dart_bridge.send_bytes(port, ...)`
+        call instead.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            f"{type(self).__name__} does not implement send_data_channel_frame."
+        )
+
+    def unregister_data_channel(self, channel_id: int) -> None:
+        """Best-effort drop of `channel_id` from the mux registry. Default
+        is a no-op so subclasses that don't keep one don't need to override.
+        """
+        pass
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/messaging/flet_dart_bridge_server.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/messaging/flet_dart_bridge_server.py
index de32bd3db6..e6a14383de 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/messaging/flet_dart_bridge_server.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/messaging/flet_dart_bridge_server.py
@@ -108,21 +108,41 @@ def __on_bytes(self, payload: bytes) -> None:
 
     async def __inbound_loop(self):
         """
-        Drains the inbound queue, feeds bytes into a streaming MsgPack
-        unpacker, and dispatches each complete frame.
+        Drains the inbound queue and dispatches each packet. Each dart_bridge
+        send delivers one complete packet — `[type:u8][payload]`. type=0x00
+        is a MsgPack-encoded Flet control frame, decoded and dispatched as
+        a protocol message; type=0x01 is a raw DataChannel frame, but on
+        the dart_bridge transport that *only* carries the Flet protocol —
+        DataChannels in embedded mode get their own dedicated PythonBridge,
+        so a 0x01 here would be an error and we log+drop.
         """
-        unpacker = msgpack.Unpacker(ext_hook=decode_ext_from_msgpack)
         try:
             while True:
-                payload = await self.__inbound_queue.get()
-                unpacker.feed(payload)
-                for msg in unpacker:
+                packet = await self.__inbound_queue.get()
+                if not packet:
+                    continue
+                ptype = packet[0]
+                if ptype == 0x00:
                     try:
+                        msg = msgpack.unpackb(
+                            packet[1:], ext_hook=decode_ext_from_msgpack
+                        )
                         await self.__on_message(msg)
                     except Exception:
                         logger.error(
                             "Error dispatching dart_bridge frame", exc_info=True
                         )
+                elif ptype == 0x01:
+                    logger.debug(
+                        "dart_bridge channel received a 0x01 data frame; "
+                        "DataChannels in embedded mode should use a dedicated "
+                        "PythonBridge, not the protocol channel."
+                    )
+                else:
+                    logger.debug(
+                        "dart_bridge channel received packet with unknown type 0x%02x",
+                        ptype,
+                    )
         except asyncio.CancelledError:
             logger.debug("dart_bridge inbound loop cancelled.")
 
@@ -200,18 +220,39 @@ def send_message(self, message: ClientMessage):
         """
         Encodes a protocol message and posts it to the Dart side via
         `dart_bridge.send_bytes`. Non-blocking; ordering is preserved by the
-        Dart VM's port queue.
+        Dart VM's port queue. Wire format: `[0x00][msgpack body]` — no
+        length prefix (the bridge preserves message boundaries).
         """
         transport_log.debug("send_message: %s", message)
-        m = msgpack.packb(
+        body = msgpack.packb(
             [message.action, message.body],
             default=configure_encode_object_for_msgpack(BaseControl),
         )
+        packet = b"\x00" + body
         try:
-            dart_bridge.send_bytes(self.__port, m)
+            dart_bridge.send_bytes(self.__port, packet)
         except Exception:
             logger.error("dart_bridge.send_bytes failed", exc_info=True)
 
+    def data_channel_for(self, channel_id: int):
+        """Resolve the DataChannel for `channel_id`. In embedded native mode
+        each DataChannel rides its own dedicated PythonBridge native port
+        (the `channel_id` *is* the port). Idempotent.
+        """
+        from flet.data_channel import _DartBridgeDataChannel
+
+        # No registry needed: _DartBridgeDataChannel is stateless wrt port
+        # and the dart_bridge module routes by port number internally. We
+        # still cache per port to avoid duplicate handler registrations.
+        if not hasattr(self, "_data_channels"):
+            self._data_channels: dict[int, Any] = {}
+        existing = self._data_channels.get(channel_id)
+        if existing is not None:
+            return existing
+        channel = _DartBridgeDataChannel(channel_id)
+        self._data_channels[channel_id] = channel
+        return channel
+
     async def close(self):
         """
         Releases the dart_bridge handler registration and cancels pending
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/messaging/flet_socket_server.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/messaging/flet_socket_server.py
index 73596cb4bc..597af22d5a 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/messaging/flet_socket_server.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/messaging/flet_socket_server.py
@@ -71,6 +71,10 @@ def __init__(
         self.__before_main = before_main
         self.__blocking = blocking
         self.__running_tasks = set()
+        # DataChannel mux registry. Keyed by channel_id minted on the Dart
+        # side; populated lazily on the first Control.get_data_channel(id)
+        # call. Frames for unknown ids are silently dropped.
+        self._data_channels: dict[int, Any] = {}
         self.loop = loop
         self.executor = executor
         self.pubsubhub = PubSubHub(loop=loop, executor=executor)
@@ -244,7 +248,12 @@ async def __terminate_active_connection_locked(self, reason: str) -> None:
 
     async def __receive_loop(self, reader: asyncio.StreamReader, connection_token: int):
         """
-        Reads and dispatches inbound MsgPack frames from the socket.
+        Reads and dispatches inbound packets from the socket.
+
+        Wire format on the byte stream: each packet is prefixed with a 4-byte
+        little-endian length, then `[type:u8][payload]`. type=0x00 is a
+        MsgPack-encoded Flet protocol frame; type=0x01 is a raw DataChannel
+        frame (`[channel_id:u32 LE][bytes]`).
 
         The loop exits when:
         - socket EOF is reached;
@@ -255,17 +264,34 @@ async def __receive_loop(self, reader: asyncio.StreamReader, connection_token: i
             reader: Socket stream reader to consume bytes from.
             connection_token: Token identifying the connection generation.
         """
-        unpacker = msgpack.Unpacker(ext_hook=decode_ext_from_msgpack)
         try:
             while True:
-                buf = await reader.read(1024 * 1024)
-                if not buf:
+                try:
+                    header = await reader.readexactly(4)
+                except asyncio.IncompleteReadError:
+                    break  # EOF mid-stream or clean close
+                length = int.from_bytes(header, "little", signed=False)
+                if length == 0:
+                    continue
+                try:
+                    packet = await reader.readexactly(length)
+                except asyncio.IncompleteReadError:
+                    logger.debug("Truncated packet read; aborting receive loop.")
                     break
-                unpacker.feed(buf)
-                for msg in unpacker:
-                    if self.__connection_token != connection_token:
-                        return
+                if self.__connection_token != connection_token:
+                    return
+                ptype = packet[0]
+                if ptype == 0x00:
+                    msg = msgpack.unpackb(packet[1:], ext_hook=decode_ext_from_msgpack)
                     await self.__on_message(msg)
+                elif ptype == 0x01:
+                    if len(packet) < 5:
+                        logger.debug("Dropping malformed data-channel frame.")
+                        continue
+                    channel_id = int.from_bytes(packet[1:5], "little", signed=False)
+                    self.__on_data_channel_frame(channel_id, packet[5:])
+                else:
+                    logger.debug("Dropping packet with unknown type 0x%02x", ptype)
         except asyncio.CancelledError:
             logger.debug("Receive loop cancelled.")
         except Exception as e:
@@ -273,6 +299,14 @@ async def __receive_loop(self, reader: asyncio.StreamReader, connection_token: i
         finally:
             logger.debug("Receive loop exiting.")
 
+    def __on_data_channel_frame(self, channel_id: int, payload: bytes) -> None:
+        """Routes an inbound `[0x01][channel_id][payload]` frame to its
+        registered DataChannel. Silently drops frames for unknown ids
+        (handles unmount races)."""
+        channel = self._data_channels.get(channel_id)
+        if channel is not None:
+            channel._deliver(payload)
+
     async def __send_loop(
         self,
         writer: asyncio.StreamWriter,
@@ -390,18 +424,49 @@ def send_message(self, message: ClientMessage):
         """
         Encodes and queues an outbound message for the active connection.
 
+        Wire format: `[length:u32 LE][0x00][msgpack body]`. The send loop
+        writes the bytes verbatim to the socket.
+
         If no active send queue exists (no connected client), the message is dropped.
 
         Args:
             message: Protocol message to send.
         """
         transport_log.debug("send_message: %s", message)
-        m = msgpack.packb(
+        body = msgpack.packb(
             [message.action, message.body],
             default=configure_encode_object_for_msgpack(BaseControl),
         )
+        packet = b"\x00" + body
+        framed = len(packet).to_bytes(4, "little", signed=False) + packet
         if self.__send_queue is not None:
-            self.__send_queue.put_nowait(m)
+            self.__send_queue.put_nowait(framed)
+
+    def send_data_channel_frame(self, channel_id: int, payload: bytes) -> None:
+        """Send a raw DataChannel frame `[length][0x01][channel_id:u32 LE][bytes]`.
+        Called by `_ProtocolMuxedDataChannel.send` on the Python side."""
+        header = b"\x01" + channel_id.to_bytes(4, "little", signed=False)
+        packet = header + payload
+        framed = len(packet).to_bytes(4, "little", signed=False) + packet
+        if self.__send_queue is not None:
+            self.__send_queue.put_nowait(framed)
+
+    def data_channel_for(self, channel_id: int):
+        """Resolve or construct the muxed DataChannel for `channel_id`.
+        Idempotent — returns the same instance per id within the session.
+        Called from `Control.get_data_channel(id)`.
+        """
+        from flet.data_channel import _ProtocolMuxedDataChannel
+
+        existing = self._data_channels.get(channel_id)
+        if existing is not None:
+            return existing
+        channel = _ProtocolMuxedDataChannel(channel_id, self)
+        self._data_channels[channel_id] = channel
+        return channel
+
+    def unregister_data_channel(self, channel_id: int) -> None:
+        self._data_channels.pop(channel_id, None)
 
     async def close(self):
         """
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/messaging/pyodide_connection.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/messaging/pyodide_connection.py
index ee51c4f589..3a18dd6e16 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/messaging/pyodide_connection.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/messaging/pyodide_connection.py
@@ -50,6 +50,10 @@ def __init__(
         self.__before_main = before_main
         flet_js.start_connection = self.connect
         self.__running_tasks = set()
+        # DataChannel mux registry. Pyodide mode has no dart_bridge, so
+        # DataChannels ride the same postMessage transport as the Flet
+        # protocol — disambiguated by the wire-format type byte.
+        self._data_channels: dict[int, Any] = {}
         self.pubsubhub = PubSubHub()
         self.loop = asyncio.get_running_loop()
 
@@ -69,15 +73,32 @@ async def connect(self, send_callback):
 
     async def receive_loop(self):
         """
-        Continuously receives, decodes, and dispatches inbound client messages.
+        Continuously receives, decodes, and dispatches inbound packets.
 
-        This loop waits for raw messages queued by `send_from_js()`, decodes MsgPack
-        payloads, and forwards parsed protocol frames to `__on_message()`.
+        Wire format on the postMessage transport: each packet from Dart is
+        `[type:u8][payload]`. type=0x00 is a MsgPack-encoded Flet protocol
+        frame; type=0x01 is a raw DataChannel frame
+        (`[channel_id:u32 LE][bytes]`).
         """
         while True:
             data = await self.__receive_queue.get()
-            message = msgpack.unpackb(data.to_py(), ext_hook=decode_ext_from_msgpack)
-            await self.__on_message(message)
+            packet = bytes(data.to_py())
+            if not packet:
+                continue
+            ptype = packet[0]
+            if ptype == 0x00:
+                message = msgpack.unpackb(packet[1:], ext_hook=decode_ext_from_msgpack)
+                await self.__on_message(message)
+            elif ptype == 0x01:
+                if len(packet) < 5:
+                    logger.debug("Dropping malformed data-channel frame.")
+                    continue
+                channel_id = int.from_bytes(packet[1:5], "little", signed=False)
+                channel = self._data_channels.get(channel_id)
+                if channel is not None:
+                    channel._deliver(packet[5:])
+            else:
+                logger.debug("Dropping packet with unknown type 0x%02x", ptype)
 
     def send_from_js(self, message: Any):
         """
@@ -173,12 +194,37 @@ def send_message(self, message: ClientMessage):
         """
         Serializes and sends an outbound protocol message to JavaScript.
 
+        Wire format: `[0x00][msgpack body]`. postMessage preserves message
+        boundaries, so no length prefix.
+
         Args:
             message: Client message to serialize with MsgPack and send.
         """
         transport_log.debug("send_message: %s", message)
-        m = msgpack.packb(
+        body = msgpack.packb(
             [message.action, message.body],
             default=configure_encode_object_for_msgpack(BaseControl),
         )
-        self.send_callback(m)
+        self.send_callback(b"\x00" + body)
+
+    def send_data_channel_frame(self, channel_id: int, payload: bytes) -> None:
+        """Send a raw DataChannel frame `[0x01][channel_id:u32 LE][bytes]`
+        over postMessage. Called by `_ProtocolMuxedDataChannel.send`."""
+        header = b"\x01" + channel_id.to_bytes(4, "little", signed=False)
+        self.send_callback(header + payload)
+
+    def data_channel_for(self, channel_id: int):
+        """Resolve or construct the muxed DataChannel for `channel_id`.
+        Idempotent — same id returns the same instance within the session.
+        """
+        from flet.data_channel import _ProtocolMuxedDataChannel
+
+        existing = self._data_channels.get(channel_id)
+        if existing is not None:
+            return existing
+        channel = _ProtocolMuxedDataChannel(channel_id, self)
+        self._data_channels[channel_id] = channel
+        return channel
+
+    def unregister_data_channel(self, channel_id: int) -> None:
+        self._data_channels.pop(channel_id, None)

From 4e98dab29d6181b6490062401d099ba0b3783903 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 2026 21:39:48 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 09/60] feat(flet-charts): migrate MatplotlibChartCanvas to
 DataChannel
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

Replaces the `_invoke_method`-based `apply_full` / `apply_diff` / `clear`
plumbing with a dedicated `DataChannel` carrying 1-byte-opcode frames
(0x01=full PNG, 0x02=diff PNG, 0x03=clear). PNG bytes no longer pay
MsgPack encode/decode — they flow at memory-bandwidth-class speed in
embedded native mode and at near-bandwidth speed in dev/web modes (raw-
byte frames muxed over the protocol transport).

Backpressure follows the WebAgg pattern: Dart sends a 1-byte `[0xFF]`
ack back over the same channel after each apply chain resolves; the
canvas exposes `set_on_frame_applied(callback)` so `MatplotlibChart`
clears `_waiting` only after Dart confirms the frame painted, mirroring
mpl.js's `img.onload → waiting=false` flow. Without this gate,
interactive drags pile up frames in the Dart-side queue and replay in a
burst.

The 3D example (`examples/.../matplotlib_chart/three_d/main.py`) adds a
status bar showing avg full/diff frame size, total bytes transferred,
sliding-window transfer speed, FPS, and per-stage latency (dart-side
paint vs mpl-side render+idle) so users can see where time is spent.

GPU / CPU strategy code in both State subclasses is unchanged — only
the source of frames switched from `_invokeMethod(...)` to the channel
listener.
---
 .../charts/matplotlib_chart/three_d/main.py   | 223 +++++++++++++++++-
 .../src/flet_charts/matplotlib_chart.py       |  28 ++-
 .../flet_charts/matplotlib_chart_canvas.py    |  93 +++++++-
 .../lib/src/matplotlib_chart_canvas.dart      |  82 ++++---
 4 files changed, 377 insertions(+), 49 deletions(-)

diff --git a/sdk/python/examples/extensions/charts/matplotlib_chart/three_d/main.py b/sdk/python/examples/extensions/charts/matplotlib_chart/three_d/main.py
index 9cc1c2084d..63c1a29ba1 100644
--- a/sdk/python/examples/extensions/charts/matplotlib_chart/three_d/main.py
+++ b/sdk/python/examples/extensions/charts/matplotlib_chart/three_d/main.py
@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
+import asyncio
 import logging
+import time
+from collections import deque
+from dataclasses import dataclass
 
 import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
 
@@ -8,7 +12,134 @@
 logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
 
 
-def main(page: ft.Page):
+@dataclass
+class _Frame:
+    t: float
+    size: int
+
+
+class FrameStats:
+    """Rolling counters for the matplotlib WebAgg-style frame stream.
+
+    Cumulative averages for per-frame size + total bytes (lifetime of the
+    run); a short sliding window for transfer speed and FPS so the bar
+    reflects current activity rather than being dragged down by idle time.
+
+    Latency split (also sliding-window):
+
+    * `dart_ms` — time from a frame leaving Python (`apply_full/diff` call)
+      to Dart's `[0xFF]` ack arriving. This is Dart-side decode + paint +
+      ack transit. Transit is microseconds, so essentially decode + paint.
+    * `mpl_ms` — time from one ack arriving to the next frame leaving
+      Python. Combines matplotlib's render of the next frame and any
+      idle time waiting for matplotlib to react to the next "draw"
+      request. Under sustained interactive load (continuous dragging)
+      idle ≈ 0 and this is dominated by matplotlib's render cost.
+    """
+
+    WINDOW_SECONDS = 2.0
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.full_count = 0
+        self.full_total = 0
+        self.diff_count = 0
+        self.diff_total = 0
+        self.bytes_total = 0
+        self._recent: deque[_Frame] = deque()
+        # Latency tracking: each entry is (timestamp_when_observed, latency_seconds).
+        self._dart_latencies: deque[tuple[float, float]] = deque()
+        self._mpl_gaps: deque[tuple[float, float]] = deque()
+        # In-flight bookkeeping for pairing send with ack.
+        self._inflight_send_ts: float | None = None
+        self._last_ack_ts: float | None = None
+
+    def record_send(self, size: int, is_full: bool) -> None:
+        """Frame about to leave Python — record size and mark in-flight."""
+        now = time.monotonic()
+        if is_full:
+            self.full_count += 1
+            self.full_total += size
+        else:
+            self.diff_count += 1
+            self.diff_total += size
+        self.bytes_total += size
+        self._recent.append(_Frame(now, size))
+        self._evict(now)
+        # mpl-side gap: how long since the previous ack.
+        if self._last_ack_ts is not None:
+            self._mpl_gaps.append((now, now - self._last_ack_ts))
+            self._evict_latency_window(self._mpl_gaps, now)
+        self._inflight_send_ts = now
+
+    def record_ack(self) -> None:
+        """Dart confirms the frame painted — close the dart-side timing."""
+        now = time.monotonic()
+        if self._inflight_send_ts is not None:
+            self._dart_latencies.append((now, now - self._inflight_send_ts))
+            self._evict_latency_window(self._dart_latencies, now)
+            self._inflight_send_ts = None
+        self._last_ack_ts = now
+
+    def _evict(self, now: float) -> None:
+        cutoff = now - self.WINDOW_SECONDS
+        while self._recent and self._recent[0].t < cutoff:
+            self._recent.popleft()
+
+    def _evict_latency_window(
+        self, window: deque[tuple[float, float]], now: float
+    ) -> None:
+        cutoff = now - self.WINDOW_SECONDS
+        while window and window[0][0] < cutoff:
+            window.popleft()
+
+    @property
+    def avg_full(self) -> float:
+        return self.full_total / self.full_count if self.full_count else 0.0
+
+    @property
+    def avg_diff(self) -> float:
+        return self.diff_total / self.diff_count if self.diff_count else 0.0
+
+    def speed_and_fps(self) -> tuple[float, float]:
+        now = time.monotonic()
+        self._evict(now)
+        if not self._recent:
+            return 0.0, 0.0
+        span = max(self.WINDOW_SECONDS, now - self._recent[0].t)
+        speed = sum(f.size for f in self._recent) / span
+        fps = len(self._recent) / span
+        return speed, fps
+
+    def dart_avg_ms(self) -> float:
+        now = time.monotonic()
+        self._evict_latency_window(self._dart_latencies, now)
+        if not self._dart_latencies:
+            return 0.0
+        return (
+            1000.0
+            * sum(lat for _, lat in self._dart_latencies)
+            / len(self._dart_latencies)
+        )
+
+    def mpl_avg_ms(self) -> float:
+        now = time.monotonic()
+        self._evict_latency_window(self._mpl_gaps, now)
+        if not self._mpl_gaps:
+            return 0.0
+        return 1000.0 * sum(g for _, g in self._mpl_gaps) / len(self._mpl_gaps)
+
+
+def _human_bytes(n: float) -> str:
+    if n < 1024:
+        return f"{n:.0f} B"
+    if n < 1024 * 1024:
+        return f"{n / 1024:.1f} KB"
+    if n < 1024**3:
+        return f"{n / (1024 * 1024):.1f} MB"
+    return f"{n / (1024**3):.2f} GB"
+
+
+async def main(page: ft.Page):
     from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import axes3d
 
     fig = plt.figure()
@@ -36,13 +167,101 @@ def main(page: ft.Page):
         zlabel="Z",
     )
 
+    chart = flet_charts.MatplotlibChartWithToolbar(figure=fig, expand=True)
+
+    # Status bar: regular Flet Text controls in a Row at the bottom.
+    avg_full_text = ft.Text("avg full: —", size=12)
+    avg_diff_text = ft.Text("avg diff: —", size=12)
+    total_text = ft.Text("total: —", size=12)
+    speed_text = ft.Text("speed: —", size=12)
+    fps_text = ft.Text("fps: —", size=12)
+    dart_text = ft.Text("dart: —", size=12)
+    mpl_text = ft.Text("mpl: —", size=12)
+
+    status_bar = ft.Container(
+        content=ft.Row(
+            [
+                avg_full_text,
+                avg_diff_text,
+                total_text,
+                speed_text,
+                fps_text,
+                dart_text,
+                mpl_text,
+            ],
+            spacing=20,
+        ),
+        padding=ft.Padding.symmetric(horizontal=12, vertical=6),
+        bgcolor=ft.Colors.SURFACE_CONTAINER_HIGH,
+    )
+
     page.add(
         ft.SafeArea(
-            content=flet_charts.MatplotlibChartWithToolbar(figure=fig, expand=True),
+            content=ft.Column(
+                [chart, status_bar],
+                expand=True,
+                spacing=0,
+            ),
             expand=True,
         )
     )
 
+    stats = FrameStats()
+
+    # Instrument the canvas to capture per-frame sizes + latency. Both
+    # `chart.mpl` and `chart.mpl.mpl_canvas` are populated by their
+    # respective `build()` calls, which run only after the control is
+    # mounted — hence this wrapping has to happen after `page.add(...)`.
+    canvas = chart.mpl.mpl_canvas
+    orig_full = canvas.apply_full
+    orig_diff = canvas.apply_diff
+
+    def apply_full(image_bytes: bytes) -> None:
+        stats.record_send(len(image_bytes), is_full=True)
+        orig_full(image_bytes)
+
+    def apply_diff(image_bytes: bytes) -> None:
+        stats.record_send(len(image_bytes), is_full=False)
+        orig_diff(image_bytes)
+
+    canvas.apply_full = apply_full
+    canvas.apply_diff = apply_diff
+
+    # Chain ourselves in front of the chart's frame-applied callback so the
+    # backpressure ack still clears `_waiting` on the chart. We record the
+    # Dart→Python ack timestamp here, which pairs with the send timestamp
+    # captured in `record_send` to give the dart-side decode + paint cost.
+    chart_ack = canvas._on_frame_applied
+
+    def on_ack() -> None:
+        stats.record_ack()
+        if chart_ack is not None:
+            chart_ack()
+
+    canvas.set_on_frame_applied(on_ack)
+
+    # Background task: refresh the labels at ~4 Hz so speed/fps decay
+    # visibly when traffic stops and stay readable during fast drags
+    # (vs. updating once per frame, which thrashes the layout).
+    async def refresh_loop() -> None:
+        while True:
+            speed, fps = stats.speed_and_fps()
+            avg_full_text.value = (
+                f"avg full: {_human_bytes(stats.avg_full)} (n={stats.full_count})"
+            )
+            avg_diff_text.value = (
+                f"avg diff: {_human_bytes(stats.avg_diff)} (n={stats.diff_count})"
+            )
+            total_text.value = f"total: {_human_bytes(stats.bytes_total)}"
+            speed_text.value = f"speed: {_human_bytes(speed)}/s"
+            fps_text.value = f"fps: {fps:.1f}"
+            dart_text.value = f"dart: {stats.dart_avg_ms():.1f} ms"
+            mpl_text.value = f"mpl: {stats.mpl_avg_ms():.1f} ms"
+            page.update()
+            await asyncio.sleep(0.25)
+
+    asyncio.create_task(refresh_loop())
+
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     ft.run(main)
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet-charts/src/flet_charts/matplotlib_chart.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet-charts/src/flet_charts/matplotlib_chart.py
index ed31e64403..73c49f2992 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet-charts/src/flet_charts/matplotlib_chart.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet-charts/src/flet_charts/matplotlib_chart.py
@@ -131,6 +131,10 @@ def build(self):
             on_resize=self._on_canvas_resize,
             expand=True,
         )
+        # Hook the Dart-side frame-applied ack so we only clear `_waiting`
+        # after the frame actually rendered. Without this gate, interactive
+        # drags pile up frames in Dart's queue and replay them in a burst.
+        self.mpl_canvas.set_on_frame_applied(self._on_frame_applied)
         # Rubberband (zoom selection) overlay drawn on top of the chart image.
         self._rubberband = ft.Container(
             visible=False,
@@ -419,6 +423,17 @@ def download(self, format) -> bytes:
         self.figure.savefig(buff, format=format, dpi=self.figure.dpi * self.__dpr)
         return buff.getvalue()
 
+    def _on_frame_applied(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Called from the canvas when the Dart side finishes rendering a
+        frame. Clearing `_waiting` here (rather than immediately after
+        sending the frame) gates `send_message({"type": "draw"})` so
+        matplotlib doesn't generate the next frame until the previous one
+        has actually painted. Without this, interactive drags pile up
+        frames in the Dart-side queue and play back in a burst.
+        """
+        self._waiting = False
+
     async def _receive_loop(self):
         """
         Consume backend messages and apply canvas/state updates.
@@ -435,15 +450,16 @@ async def _receive_loop(self):
                 assert isinstance(content, (bytes, bytearray))
                 logger.debug(f"receive_binary({len(content)})")
                 # Hand the frame to the client widget — full PNG replaces the
-                # backbuffer, diff PNG composites onto it. Awaiting naturally
-                # rate-limits this loop to the client's processing speed and
-                # yields the asyncio loop for incoming events.
+                # backbuffer, diff PNG composites onto it. `_waiting` is
+                # cleared in `_on_frame_applied` when the Dart side acks
+                # that it actually rendered the frame, not here — otherwise
+                # interactive drags push frames faster than the renderer
+                # can keep up and the queue grows unbounded.
                 if self.__image_mode == "full":
-                    await self.mpl_canvas.apply_full(bytes(content))
+                    self.mpl_canvas.apply_full(bytes(content))
                 else:
-                    await self.mpl_canvas.apply_diff(bytes(content))
+                    self.mpl_canvas.apply_diff(bytes(content))
                 self.img_count += 1
-                self._waiting = False
             else:
                 logger.debug(f"receive_json({content})")
                 if content["type"] == "image_mode":
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet-charts/src/flet_charts/matplotlib_chart_canvas.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet-charts/src/flet_charts/matplotlib_chart_canvas.py
index 174167a404..c371824f68 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet-charts/src/flet_charts/matplotlib_chart_canvas.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet-charts/src/flet_charts/matplotlib_chart_canvas.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
+import contextlib
 from dataclasses import dataclass, field
-from typing import Optional
+from typing import Callable, Optional
 
 import flet as ft
 
@@ -26,10 +27,24 @@ class MatplotlibChartCanvas(ft.LayoutControl):
 
     Receives full and incremental "diff" PNG frames and composites them in
     CPU memory, holding at most one decoded image for display at a time.
-    Avoids the per-frame `Picture.toImage` allocations that the generic
-    `flet.canvas.Canvas` capture path uses, which on Flutter web
-    (CanvasKit/WASM) accumulate and aren't promptly reclaimed by the JS GC
-    during animation, causing browser memory growth.
+    Frames flow over a dedicated [ft.DataChannel] rather than the regular
+    Flet protocol, so the PNG bytes skip MsgPack encode/decode and travel
+    at memory-bandwidth-class speed in embedded native mode (per-channel
+    PythonBridge) and at near-bandwidth speed in web/dev modes (raw-byte
+    frames muxed over the protocol transport).
+
+    Wire format on the data channel (one byte of opcode followed by the
+    PNG payload):
+
+    | opcode | payload    | meaning                                    |
+    |--------|------------|--------------------------------------------|
+    | 0x01   | PNG bytes  | apply_full — replace backdrop              |
+    | 0x02   | PNG bytes  | apply_diff — composite onto backbuffer     |
+    | 0x03   | (empty)    | clear — drop backdrop + backbuffer         |
+
+    The reverse-direction `resize` event (Dart → Python, small JSON-shaped
+    payload) stays on the existing Flet protocol channel — no reason to
+    move tiny control events off it.
     """
 
     resize_interval: ft.Number = 10
@@ -42,16 +57,68 @@ class MatplotlibChartCanvas(ft.LayoutControl):
     Called when the size of this canvas has changed.
     """
 
-    async def apply_full(self, image_bytes: bytes) -> None:
+    on_data_channel_open: Optional[ft.EventHandler[ft.DataChannelOpenEvent]] = None
+    """
+    Framework hook — Dart fires this when it opens the data channel during
+    `initState`. The default handler captures the channel for use by
+    apply_full / apply_diff / clear. Override only if you need to do
+    something extra at attach-time.
+    """
+
+    def init(self) -> None:
+        # `init` is the @ft.control post-construct lifecycle hook (runs
+        # before `did_mount`). Wire up the default channel-capture handler.
+        self._channel: Optional[ft.DataChannel] = None
+        # Backpressure ack callback — invoked when Dart finishes applying
+        # a frame on its end. Producer-side widgets (e.g. MatplotlibChart)
+        # set this to gate the next frame so the Dart-side queue stays
+        # bounded under interactive load.
+        self._on_frame_applied: Optional[Callable[[], None]] = None
+        if self.on_data_channel_open is None:
+            self.on_data_channel_open = self._capture_channel
+
+    def _capture_channel(self, e: ft.DataChannelOpenEvent) -> None:
+        # Single-channel widget; no need to dispatch on e.channel_name.
+        self._channel = self.get_data_channel(e.channel_id)
+        self._channel.on_bytes(self._on_dart_message)
+
+    def _on_dart_message(self, payload: bytes) -> None:
+        # Wire format on the reverse direction (Dart → Python):
+        #   [0xFF] — frame_applied ack. Sent by Dart after each apply_full /
+        #            apply_diff / clear completes on its end. Restores the
+        #            round-trip backpressure that `_invoke_method` used to
+        #            provide implicitly.
+        if not payload:
+            return
+        if payload[0] == 0xFF:
+            cb = self._on_frame_applied
+            if cb is not None:
+                with contextlib.suppress(Exception):
+                    cb()
+
+    def set_on_frame_applied(self, cb: Optional[Callable[[], None]]) -> None:
+        """Register a callback invoked when Dart finishes applying a frame.
+
+        Producer widgets use this to gate frame emission — e.g. matplotlib
+        clears its `_waiting` flag here so the next `draw` message from
+        the figure is honored. Without this gate, the producer would push
+        frames into the Dart-side queue faster than they're rendered,
+        causing the UI to hog and then replay buffered frames in a burst.
+        """
+        self._on_frame_applied = cb
+
+    def apply_full(self, image_bytes: bytes) -> None:
         """
         Replace the current displayed image with a full PNG frame.
 
         Args:
             image_bytes: PNG bytes of the complete frame.
         """
-        await self._invoke_method("apply_full", arguments={"bytes": image_bytes})
+        if self._channel is None:
+            return
+        self._channel.send(b"\x01" + image_bytes)
 
-    async def apply_diff(self, image_bytes: bytes) -> None:
+    def apply_diff(self, image_bytes: bytes) -> None:
         """
         Composite an incremental "diff" PNG frame onto the current image.
 
@@ -63,10 +130,14 @@ async def apply_diff(self, image_bytes: bytes) -> None:
         Args:
             image_bytes: PNG bytes of the diff frame.
         """
-        await self._invoke_method("apply_diff", arguments={"bytes": image_bytes})
+        if self._channel is None:
+            return
+        self._channel.send(b"\x02" + image_bytes)
 
-    async def clear(self) -> None:
+    def clear(self) -> None:
         """
         Clear the displayed image and discard the backbuffer.
         """
-        await self._invoke_method("clear")
+        if self._channel is None:
+            return
+        self._channel.send(b"\x03")
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet-charts/src/flutter/flet_charts/lib/src/matplotlib_chart_canvas.dart b/sdk/python/packages/flet-charts/src/flutter/flet_charts/lib/src/matplotlib_chart_canvas.dart
index 2970c752f0..a44ef3e3ef 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet-charts/src/flutter/flet_charts/lib/src/matplotlib_chart_canvas.dart
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet-charts/src/flutter/flet_charts/lib/src/matplotlib_chart_canvas.dart
@@ -35,22 +35,9 @@ class MatplotlibChartCanvasControl extends StatefulWidget {
 }
 
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// Shared helpers
+// Shared base
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-Uint8List _extractBytes(dynamic args) {
-  final v = args is Map ? args["bytes"] : args;
-  if (v is Uint8List) return v;
-  if (v is ByteData) {
-    return v.buffer.asUint8List(v.offsetInBytes, v.lengthInBytes);
-  }
-  if (v is List<int>) return Uint8List.fromList(v);
-  if (v is List && v.every((e) => e is int)) {
-    return Uint8List.fromList(v.cast<int>());
-  }
-  throw ArgumentError("Expected bytes for image data, got ${v.runtimeType}");
-}
-
 abstract class _MatplotlibChartCanvasStateBase
     extends State<MatplotlibChartCanvasControl> {
   // Serialize concurrent apply_full / apply_diff calls so backdrop mutations
@@ -60,15 +47,30 @@ abstract class _MatplotlibChartCanvasStateBase
   Size _lastSize = Size.zero;
   int _lastResize = DateTime.now().millisecondsSinceEpoch;
 
+  DataChannel? _channel;
+  StreamSubscription<Uint8List>? _channelSub;
+
   @override
-  void initState() {
-    super.initState();
-    widget.control.addInvokeMethodListener(_invokeMethod);
+  void didChangeDependencies() {
+    super.didChangeDependencies();
+    // Open the data channel lazily on first dependency lookup — we need
+    // BuildContext to reach FletBackend, which isn't available in initState.
+    if (_channel != null) return;
+    _channel = FletBackend.of(context).openDataChannel();
+    _channelSub = _channel!.messages.listen(_onChannelFrame);
+    // Announce the channel to Python via the standard convention event.
+    widget.control.triggerEvent("data_channel_open", {
+      "channel_name": "frames",
+      "channel_id": _channel!.id,
+    });
   }
 
   @override
   void dispose() {
-    widget.control.removeInvokeMethodListener(_invokeMethod);
+    _channelSub?.cancel();
+    _channelSub = null;
+    _channel?.close();
+    _channel = null;
     disposeResources();
     super.dispose();
   }
@@ -81,22 +83,42 @@ abstract class _MatplotlibChartCanvasStateBase
   Future<void> clearAll();
   CustomPainter buildPainter();
 
-  Future<dynamic> _invokeMethod(String name, dynamic args) async {
-    switch (name) {
-      case "apply_full":
-        await _enqueue(() => applyFull(_extractBytes(args)));
-        return;
-      case "apply_diff":
-        await _enqueue(() => applyDiff(_extractBytes(args)));
-        return;
-      case "clear":
-        await _enqueue(clearAll);
-        return;
+  // 1-byte ack sent back to Python after each apply completes. Restores
+  // round-trip backpressure: matplotlib's producer side keeps `_waiting`
+  // set until this ack arrives, so frames don't pile up in the Dart-side
+  // queue during interactive drags.
+  static final Uint8List _frameAppliedAck = Uint8List.fromList([0xFF]);
+
+  /// Inbound DataChannel frame. Wire format:
+  ///   [0x01][PNG bytes] → apply_full
+  ///   [0x02][PNG bytes] → apply_diff
+  ///   [0x03]            → clear
+  void _onChannelFrame(Uint8List bytes) {
+    if (bytes.isEmpty) return;
+    // Zero-copy slice of the same underlying buffer.
+    final payload = Uint8List.sublistView(bytes, 1);
+    switch (bytes[0]) {
+      case 0x01:
+        _enqueueAndAck(() => applyFull(payload));
+        break;
+      case 0x02:
+        _enqueueAndAck(() => applyDiff(payload));
+        break;
+      case 0x03:
+        _enqueueAndAck(clearAll);
+        break;
       default:
-        throw Exception("Unknown MatplotlibChartCanvas method: $name");
+        debugPrint(
+            "MatplotlibChartCanvas: unknown data-channel opcode 0x${bytes[0].toRadixString(16)}");
     }
   }
 
+  void _enqueueAndAck(Future<void> Function() task) {
+    _enqueue(task).whenComplete(() {
+      _channel?.send(_frameAppliedAck);
+    });
+  }
+
   Future<void> _enqueue(Future<void> Function() task) {
     final prev = _applyChain ?? Future.value();
     final next = prev.then((_) => task());

From ef0c1fc82238cf6b9f285467fbd82a05ed610c83 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 2026 21:40:05 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 10/60] refactor(build): split native FFI runtime out of
 main.dart for web compat
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

`flet build web` was failing to compile with errors like "Type 'Pointer'
not found" because the build template's `main.dart` unconditionally
imported `package:serious_python/bridge.dart` and
`package:serious_python/serious_python.dart`, both of which transitively
pull in `dart:ffi` types via `package:serious_python_platform_interface`.
`dart:ffi` isn't available in the web compile target.

Extract everything that touches `serious_python` into a separate
`native_runtime.dart`:

* `initBridges(envVars) → pageUrl` — creates the protocol + exit
  PythonBridge instances and stamps env vars.
* `channelBuilder`, `dataChannelFactory` getters for the embedded
  PythonBridge-backed transports.
* `runPython(...)` — wraps `SeriousPython.runProgram` + the exit-bridge
  listener.
* `extractAppAssets(...)` — wraps `extractAssetZip`.
* The `_DartBridgeBackendChannel`, `_PythonBridgeDataChannel`, and
  `_PythonBridgeDataChannelFactory` impls.

`main.dart` now uses a conditional import:

    import 'native_runtime_stub.dart'
        if (dart.library.ffi) 'native_runtime.dart' as nrt;

On web, the stub (`native_runtime_stub.dart`) is selected — every
entry point either returns null or throws `UnsupportedError`, and is
guarded behind `kIsWeb` so the stub is never reached at runtime. The
result: `flet build web` compiles cleanly without `dart:ffi` ever
entering the compile graph.

No behavior change on native (mobile/desktop) builds — they pick up the
real `native_runtime.dart` via the conditional and execute the same code
that lived in `main.dart` before.
---
 .../{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/lib/main.dart    | 206 +++------------
 .../lib/native_runtime.dart                   | 240 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../lib/native_runtime_stub.dart              |  28 ++
 3 files changed, 302 insertions(+), 172 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/lib/native_runtime.dart
 create mode 100644 sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/lib/native_runtime_stub.dart

diff --git a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/lib/main.dart b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/lib/main.dart
index de0207a67c..2a124d81bd 100644
--- a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/lib/main.dart
+++ b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/lib/main.dart
@@ -1,22 +1,25 @@
 import 'dart:async';
 import 'dart:io';
-import 'dart:typed_data';
 import 'dart:ui';
 
 import 'package:flet/flet.dart';
 import 'package:flutter/foundation.dart';
 import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
 import 'package:flutter/services.dart';
-import 'package:msgpack_dart/msgpack_dart.dart' as msgpack;
 import 'package:package_info_plus/package_info_plus.dart';
 import 'package:path/path.dart' as path;
 import 'package:path_provider/path_provider.dart' as path_provider;
-import 'package:serious_python/bridge.dart';
-import 'package:serious_python/serious_python.dart';
 import 'package:flutter_web_plugins/url_strategy.dart';
 import 'package:window_manager/window_manager.dart';
 
-import "python.dart";
+// `dart:ffi` (and therefore `package:serious_python/bridge.dart`,
+// `package:serious_python/serious_python.dart`) isn't available on web.
+// The conditional import below loads the real PythonBridge-backed runtime
+// on platforms where FFI exists; on web it resolves to a stub of the same
+// shape that just throws if invoked. `main` guards every use with
+// `kIsWeb` so the stub is never actually called.
+import 'native_runtime_stub.dart'
+    if (dart.library.ffi) 'native_runtime.dart' as nrt;
 
 {% for dep in cookiecutter.flutter.dependencies %}
 import 'package:{{ dep }}/{{ dep }}.dart' as {{ dep }};
@@ -70,14 +73,6 @@ String assetsDir = "";
 String appDir = "";
 Map<String, String> environmentVariables = Map.from(Platform.environment);
 
-// In production (embedded) mode the Flet protocol flows over an in-process
-// PythonBridge — no socket file, no TCP. `_exitBridge` is a separate bridge
-// dedicated to Python's exit-code transmission (replaces the legacy stdout-
-// callback socket). Both are null in web + developer modes where Python is
-// either remote or in a separate process.
-PythonBridge? _bridge;
-PythonBridge? _exitBridge;
-
 void main(List<String> args) async {
 
   FletDeepLinkingBootstrap.install();
@@ -97,19 +92,18 @@ void main(List<String> args) async {
       future: prepareApp(),
       builder: (BuildContext context, AsyncSnapshot snapshot) {
         if (snapshot.hasData) {
-          // In production mode prepareApp() created _bridge; wire a
+          // In production mode prepareApp() created native bridges; wire a
           // PythonBridge-backed channel so FletApp talks to the embedded
           // Python over the in-process FFI transport. In web + dev modes
-          // _bridge is null and FletApp falls back to its URL-scheme factory
-          // (websocket / TCP / UDS).
-          final channelBuilder = _bridge == null
-              ? null
-              : ({
-                  required FletBackendChannelOnMessageCallback onMessage,
-                  required FletBackendChannelOnDisconnectCallback onDisconnect,
-                }) =>
-                  _DartBridgeBackendChannel(_bridge!,
-                      onMessage: onMessage, onDisconnect: onDisconnect);
+          // the bridges are absent and FletApp falls back to its URL-scheme
+          // factory (websocket / TCP / UDS).
+          final channelBuilder = nrt.channelBuilder;
+          // Native (non-web): high-throughput byte channels for widgets get
+          // their own dedicated PythonBridge each. Web (Pyodide) leaves this
+          // null so FletBackend's built-in ProtocolMuxedDataChannelFactory
+          // muxes channel bytes over the postMessage transport with
+          // Transferable ArrayBuffer for zero-copy.
+          final dataChannelFactory = nrt.dataChannelFactory;
           // OK - start Python program
           return kIsWeb || (isDesktopPlatform() && _args.isNotEmpty)
               ? FletApp(
@@ -137,6 +131,7 @@ void main(List<String> args) async {
                           showAppStartupScreen: showAppStartupScreen,
                           appStartupScreenMessage: appStartupScreenMessage,
                           channelBuilder: channelBuilder,
+                          dataChannelFactory: dataChannelFactory,
                           extensions: extensions);
                     }
                   });
@@ -189,7 +184,7 @@ Future prepareApp() async {
   } else {
     // production mode
     // extract app from asset
-    appDir = await extractAssetZip(assetPath, checkHash: true);
+    appDir = await nrt.extractAppAssets(assetPath, checkHash: true);
 
     // set current directory to app path
     Directory.current = appDir;
@@ -223,19 +218,14 @@ Future prepareApp() async {
         "FLET_PLATFORM", () => defaultTargetPlatform.name.toLowerCase());
 
     // In production we use the in-process dart_bridge FFI transport (no UDS,
-    // no TCP — Python and Flutter share the process). Two bridges:
-    //   _bridge      — the Flet MsgPack protocol channel (Dart ↔ Python).
-    //   _exitBridge  — Python-only outbound channel carrying the exit code
-    //                  when `sys.exit(code)` is called inside the embedded
-    //                  interpreter. Replaces the legacy stdout-callback
-    //                  socket.
-    _bridge = PythonBridge();
-    _exitBridge = PythonBridge();
-    pageUrl = "dartbridge://${_bridge!.port}";
-    environmentVariables.putIfAbsent(
-        "FLET_DART_BRIDGE_PORT", () => _bridge!.port.toString());
-    environmentVariables.putIfAbsent(
-        "FLET_DART_BRIDGE_EXIT_PORT", () => _exitBridge!.port.toString());
+    // no TCP — Python and Flutter share the process). Two bridges, both
+    // owned by `native_runtime.dart`:
+    //   protocol bridge — the Flet MsgPack channel (Dart ↔ Python).
+    //   exit bridge     — Python-only outbound channel carrying the exit
+    //                     code when `sys.exit(code)` is called inside the
+    //                     embedded interpreter. Replaces the legacy
+    //                     stdout-callback socket.
+    pageUrl = nrt.initBridges(environmentVariables);
   }
 
   if (!kIsWeb && assetsDir.isNotEmpty) {
@@ -246,141 +236,13 @@ Future prepareApp() async {
 }
 
 Future<String?> runPythonApp(List<String> args) async {
-  var argvItems = args.map((a) => "\"${a.replaceAll('"', '\\"')}\"");
-  var argv = "[${argvItems.isNotEmpty ? argvItems.join(',') : '""'}]";
-  var script = pythonScript
-      .replaceAll("{outLogFilename}", outLogFilename.replaceAll("\\", "\\\\"))
-      .replaceAll('{module_name}', pythonModuleName)
-      .replaceAll('{argv}', argv);
-
-  var completer = Completer<String>();
-
-  // Subscribe to the exit-code bridge. Python's `sys.exit(code)` is patched
-  // (in python.dart) to encode `code` as raw UTF-8 bytes and post them via
-  // `dart_bridge.send_bytes(FLET_DART_BRIDGE_EXIT_PORT, ...)`. We don't need
-  // a streaming codec here — the channel only ever carries a single short
-  // payload, then Python tears down.
-  StringBuffer pythonExitBuf = StringBuffer();
-  StreamSubscription<Uint8List>? exitSub;
-
-  void onExitSignal() async {
-    await exitSub?.cancel();
-    int exitCode = int.tryParse(pythonExitBuf.toString().trim()) ?? 0;
-    if (exitCode == errorExitCode) {
-      var out = "";
-      if (await File(outLogFilename).exists()) {
-        out = await File(outLogFilename).readAsString();
-      }
-      completer.complete(out);
-    } else {
-      exit(exitCode);
-    }
-  }
-
-  exitSub = _exitBridge!.messages.listen(
-    (data) {
-      pythonExitBuf.write(String.fromCharCodes(data));
-      // One frame is always the full code on this channel — act on it.
-      onExitSignal();
-    },
-    onError: (error) {
-      debugPrint('Exit bridge error: $error');
-      onExitSignal();
-    },
-    onDone: onExitSignal,
-    cancelOnError: false,
+  return nrt.runPython(
+    moduleName: pythonModuleName,
+    appDir: appDir,
+    outLogFilename: outLogFilename,
+    environmentVariables: environmentVariables,
+    args: args,
   );
-
-  // run python async
-  SeriousPython.runProgram(path.join(appDir, "$pythonModuleName.pyc"),
-      script: script, environmentVariables: environmentVariables);
-
-  // wait for Python to signal exit
-  return completer.future;
-}
-
-/// `FletBackendChannel` implementation backed by a [PythonBridge]. Bytes
-/// flow Dart↔Python entirely in-process; no Unix socket, no kernel context
-/// switch. The wire format is the same MsgPack-framed protocol the existing
-/// socket-based `FletSocketBackendChannel` speaks.
-class _DartBridgeBackendChannel implements FletBackendChannel {
-  _DartBridgeBackendChannel(this._bridge,
-      {required FletBackendChannelOnMessageCallback onMessage,
-      required FletBackendChannelOnDisconnectCallback onDisconnect})
-      : _onMessage = onMessage,
-        _onDisconnect = onDisconnect,
-        _deserializer =
-            StreamingMsgpackDeserializer(extDecoder: FletMsgpackDecoder());
-
-  final PythonBridge _bridge;
-  final FletBackendChannelOnMessageCallback _onMessage;
-  final FletBackendChannelOnDisconnectCallback _onDisconnect;
-  final StreamingMsgpackDeserializer _deserializer;
-  StreamSubscription<Uint8List>? _subscription;
-
-  @override
-  Future connect() async {
-    _subscription = _bridge.messages.listen(
-      _onBytes,
-      onError: (error, stack) {
-        debugPrint("PythonBridge stream error: $error");
-        _onDisconnect();
-      },
-      onDone: () {
-        debugPrint("PythonBridge stream closed.");
-        _onDisconnect();
-      },
-      cancelOnError: false,
-    );
-  }
-
-  void _onBytes(Uint8List bytes) {
-    _deserializer.addChunk(bytes);
-    final frames = _deserializer.decodeMessages();
-    for (final frame in frames) {
-      _onMessage(Message.fromList(frame));
-    }
-  }
-
-  @override
-  void send(Message message) {
-    final encoded = Uint8List.fromList(
-        msgpack.serialize(message.toList(), extEncoder: FletMsgpackEncoder()));
-    // Retry loop covers the brief startup window where Python hasn't yet
-    // called `dart_bridge.set_enqueue_handler_func` — bridge.send returns
-    // false in that case. Once Flet's app.py registers the handler (which
-    // happens before `runpy.run_module` is dispatched), bridge.send returns
-    // true synchronously.
-    if (_bridge.send(encoded)) return;
-    _retrySend(encoded);
-  }
-
-  void _retrySend(Uint8List encoded) {
-    const interval = Duration(milliseconds: 50);
-    const deadline = Duration(seconds: 30);
-    final start = DateTime.now();
-    Timer.periodic(interval, (timer) {
-      if (_bridge.send(encoded)) {
-        timer.cancel();
-      } else if (DateTime.now().difference(start) > deadline) {
-        timer.cancel();
-        debugPrint(
-            "PythonBridge send timed out: Python handler never registered.");
-      }
-    });
-  }
-
-  @override
-  bool get isLocalConnection => true;
-
-  @override
-  int get defaultReconnectIntervalMs => 0;
-
-  @override
-  void disconnect() {
-    _subscription?.cancel();
-    _subscription = null;
-  }
 }
 
 class ErrorScreen extends StatelessWidget {
diff --git a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/lib/native_runtime.dart b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/lib/native_runtime.dart
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6e3ef30475
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/lib/native_runtime.dart
@@ -0,0 +1,240 @@
+// Native-only embedded-Python runtime: PythonBridge transport,
+// SeriousPython.runProgram, exit-bridge wiring. This file is selected by
+// `main.dart`'s conditional import on platforms where `dart:ffi` exists
+// (mobile, desktop). On web, `native_runtime_stub.dart` is used instead.
+//
+// Splitting this out is what lets `flet build web` compile — package
+// `serious_python` pulls in `dart:ffi` / `Pointer<…>` types via
+// `package:serious_python_platform_interface`, which are not part of the
+// web SDK. Importing the module unconditionally from `main.dart` makes
+// the web build fail with "Type 'Pointer' not found" et al., regardless
+// of `kIsWeb` runtime gates.
+
+import 'dart:async';
+import 'dart:io';
+import 'dart:typed_data';
+
+import 'package:flet/flet.dart';
+import 'package:flutter/foundation.dart';
+import 'package:path/path.dart' as path;
+import 'package:serious_python/bridge.dart';
+import 'package:serious_python/serious_python.dart';
+
+import 'python.dart';
+
+// In production (embedded) mode the Flet protocol flows over an in-process
+// PythonBridge — no socket file, no TCP. `_exitBridge` is a separate bridge
+// dedicated to Python's exit-code transmission (replaces the legacy stdout-
+// callback socket). Both stay null until [initBridges] runs.
+PythonBridge? _bridge;
+PythonBridge? _exitBridge;
+
+/// Allocate the protocol + exit bridges, stamp the required env vars onto
+/// [envVars], and return the `dartbridge://<port>` page URL.
+String initBridges(Map<String, String> envVars) {
+  _bridge = PythonBridge();
+  _exitBridge = PythonBridge();
+  envVars.putIfAbsent("FLET_DART_BRIDGE_PORT", () => _bridge!.port.toString());
+  envVars.putIfAbsent(
+    "FLET_DART_BRIDGE_EXIT_PORT",
+    () => _exitBridge!.port.toString(),
+  );
+  return "dartbridge://${_bridge!.port}";
+}
+
+bool get bridgesActive => _bridge != null;
+
+/// Extract the bundled app.zip into a fresh app directory and return its
+/// path. Wraps `serious_python.extractAssetZip` so main.dart doesn't have
+/// to import the FFI-touching package directly.
+Future<String> extractAppAssets(String assetPath, {bool checkHash = false}) =>
+    extractAssetZip(assetPath, checkHash: checkHash);
+
+/// FletApp's `channelBuilder` for the embedded-Python protocol — wraps the
+/// in-process [PythonBridge] in a [FletBackendChannel]. Returns null until
+/// [initBridges] has run.
+FletBackendChannelBuilder? get channelBuilder => _bridge == null
+    ? null
+    : ({
+        required FletBackendChannelOnPacketCallback onPacket,
+        required FletBackendChannelOnDisconnectCallback onDisconnect,
+      }) => _DartBridgeBackendChannel(
+        _bridge!,
+        onPacket: onPacket,
+        onDisconnect: onDisconnect,
+      );
+
+/// FletApp's `dataChannelFactory` for high-throughput byte channels —
+/// each `open()` mints a fresh [PythonBridge] (dedicated native port).
+DataChannelFactory? get dataChannelFactory => _PythonBridgeDataChannelFactory();
+
+/// Boot the embedded interpreter and wait for it to exit. Returns the
+/// captured console output on error exit; calls `exit(code)` directly on
+/// normal exit codes.
+Future<String?> runPython({
+  required String moduleName,
+  required String appDir,
+  required String outLogFilename,
+  required Map<String, String> environmentVariables,
+  required List<String> args,
+}) async {
+  var argvItems = args.map((a) => "\"${a.replaceAll('"', '\\"')}\"");
+  var argv = "[${argvItems.isNotEmpty ? argvItems.join(',') : '""'}]";
+  var script = pythonScript
+      .replaceAll("{outLogFilename}", outLogFilename.replaceAll("\\", "\\\\"))
+      .replaceAll('{module_name}', moduleName)
+      .replaceAll('{argv}', argv);
+
+  var completer = Completer<String>();
+
+  // Subscribe to the exit-code bridge. Python's `sys.exit(code)` is patched
+  // (in python.dart) to encode `code` as raw UTF-8 bytes and post them via
+  // `dart_bridge.send_bytes(FLET_DART_BRIDGE_EXIT_PORT, ...)`. We don't need
+  // a streaming codec here — the channel only ever carries a single short
+  // payload, then Python tears down.
+  StringBuffer pythonExitBuf = StringBuffer();
+  StreamSubscription<Uint8List>? exitSub;
+
+  void onExitSignal() async {
+    await exitSub?.cancel();
+    int exitCode = int.tryParse(pythonExitBuf.toString().trim()) ?? 0;
+    if (exitCode == errorExitCode) {
+      var out = "";
+      if (await File(outLogFilename).exists()) {
+        out = await File(outLogFilename).readAsString();
+      }
+      completer.complete(out);
+    } else {
+      exit(exitCode);
+    }
+  }
+
+  exitSub = _exitBridge!.messages.listen(
+    (data) {
+      pythonExitBuf.write(String.fromCharCodes(data));
+      onExitSignal();
+    },
+    onError: (error) {
+      debugPrint('Exit bridge error: $error');
+      onExitSignal();
+    },
+    onDone: onExitSignal,
+    cancelOnError: false,
+  );
+
+  SeriousPython.runProgram(
+    path.join(appDir, "$moduleName.pyc"),
+    script: script,
+    environmentVariables: environmentVariables,
+  );
+
+  return completer.future;
+}
+
+/// `FletBackendChannel` implementation backed by a [PythonBridge]. Bytes
+/// flow Dart↔Python entirely in-process; no Unix socket, no kernel context
+/// switch. Each PythonBridge `send` is one complete packet on the wire —
+/// `[type:u8][payload]`. No framing layer needed (the bridge preserves
+/// message boundaries).
+class _DartBridgeBackendChannel implements FletBackendChannel {
+  _DartBridgeBackendChannel(
+    this._bridge, {
+    required FletBackendChannelOnPacketCallback onPacket,
+    required FletBackendChannelOnDisconnectCallback onDisconnect,
+  }) : _onPacket = onPacket,
+       _onDisconnect = onDisconnect;
+
+  final PythonBridge _bridge;
+  final FletBackendChannelOnPacketCallback _onPacket;
+  final FletBackendChannelOnDisconnectCallback _onDisconnect;
+  StreamSubscription<Uint8List>? _subscription;
+
+  @override
+  Future connect() async {
+    _subscription = _bridge.messages.listen(
+      _onPacket,
+      onError: (error, stack) {
+        debugPrint("PythonBridge stream error: $error");
+        _onDisconnect();
+      },
+      onDone: () {
+        debugPrint("PythonBridge stream closed.");
+        _onDisconnect();
+      },
+      cancelOnError: false,
+    );
+  }
+
+  @override
+  void send(Uint8List packet) {
+    // Retry loop covers the brief startup window where Python hasn't yet
+    // called `dart_bridge.set_enqueue_handler_func` — bridge.send returns
+    // false in that case. Once Flet's app.py registers the handler (which
+    // happens before `runpy.run_module` is dispatched), bridge.send returns
+    // true synchronously.
+    if (_bridge.send(packet)) return;
+    _retrySend(packet);
+  }
+
+  void _retrySend(Uint8List packet) {
+    const interval = Duration(milliseconds: 50);
+    const deadline = Duration(seconds: 30);
+    final start = DateTime.now();
+    Timer.periodic(interval, (timer) {
+      if (_bridge.send(packet)) {
+        timer.cancel();
+      } else if (DateTime.now().difference(start) > deadline) {
+        timer.cancel();
+        debugPrint(
+          "PythonBridge send timed out: Python handler never registered.",
+        );
+      }
+    });
+  }
+
+  @override
+  bool get isLocalConnection => true;
+
+  @override
+  int get defaultReconnectIntervalMs => 0;
+
+  @override
+  void disconnect() {
+    _subscription?.cancel();
+    _subscription = null;
+  }
+}
+
+/// [DataChannel] backed by a dedicated [PythonBridge] — fast path for
+/// embedded native mode. Each open() mints a fresh bridge with its own
+/// native port; the bridge's `port` becomes the channel id we propagate
+/// to Python (via the widget's `data_channel_open` event).
+class _PythonBridgeDataChannel implements DataChannel {
+  _PythonBridgeDataChannel(this._bridge);
+  final PythonBridge _bridge;
+  bool _closed = false;
+
+  @override
+  int get id => _bridge.port;
+
+  @override
+  Stream<Uint8List> get messages => _bridge.messages;
+
+  @override
+  bool send(Uint8List bytes) {
+    if (_closed) return false;
+    return _bridge.send(bytes);
+  }
+
+  @override
+  void close() {
+    if (_closed) return;
+    _closed = true;
+    _bridge.close();
+  }
+}
+
+class _PythonBridgeDataChannelFactory implements DataChannelFactory {
+  @override
+  DataChannel open() => _PythonBridgeDataChannel(PythonBridge());
+}
diff --git a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/lib/native_runtime_stub.dart b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/lib/native_runtime_stub.dart
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bbb462169d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/lib/native_runtime_stub.dart
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+// Web stub for `native_runtime.dart`. Selected by `main.dart`'s conditional
+// import on platforms where `dart:ffi` is NOT available (web).
+//
+// All callers must guard with `kIsWeb` so the real native_runtime entry
+// points are never invoked on web — but the stubs still need to exist for
+// the file to compile.
+
+import 'package:flet/flet.dart';
+
+String initBridges(Map<String, String> envVars) =>
+    throw UnsupportedError("Native bridges not available on web");
+
+bool get bridgesActive => false;
+
+Future<String> extractAppAssets(String assetPath, {bool checkHash = false}) =>
+    throw UnsupportedError("Asset extraction not available on web");
+
+FletBackendChannelBuilder? get channelBuilder => null;
+
+DataChannelFactory? get dataChannelFactory => null;
+
+Future<String?> runPython({
+  required String moduleName,
+  required String appDir,
+  required String outLogFilename,
+  required Map<String, String> environmentVariables,
+  required List<String> args,
+}) => throw UnsupportedError("Native runtime not available on web");

From eb00f4cb2e67b5678a98842f62dc13d51c69df47 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 2026 21:40:36 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 11/60] fix(web): switch Pyodide worker to module type +
 pyodide.mjs
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

Pyodide >= 0.29 (and 314.0.0, the Python 3.14 line) throws "Classic web
workers are not supported" inside any worker where `importScripts` is
callable. python-worker.js was spawned as a classic worker, so booting
the Python 3.13 / 3.14 lines surfaced a hard error before any user code
ran.

Switch to module workers across both the flet web client and the
`flet build` template:

* `new Worker(url, { type: "module" })` — module workers don't expose
  `importScripts`, so Pyodide's check passes.
* `importScripts(pyodideUrl)` → `const { loadPyodide } = await
  import(pyodideUrl)` — the dynamic-import form module workers must
  use.
* All `pyodideUrl` defaults flip from `pyodide.js` to `pyodide.mjs` —
  the ES-module variant has the named export the dynamic import expects.

URL injection paths:

* `flet publish` / `flet run --web` go through `patch_index.py`, which
  now injects `pyodide.mjs` URLs (both CDN and `--no-cdn` branches).
* `flet build web` uses the cookiecutter template's index.html, which
  was hardcoded at `/pyodide/pyodide.js` regardless of `--no-cdn`.
  Replace with a Jinja conditional that honors `cookiecutter.no_cdn`
  and uses the new `cookiecutter.pyodide_version` variable for the
  jsdelivr CDN URL. `build_base.py` populates `pyodide_version` from
  the resolved `python_release.pyodide`.

Forward-compatible across all three supported Pyodide lines:
0.27.7 (Python 3.12), 0.29.4 (Python 3.13), 314.0.0 (Python 3.14).
Older lines accept module workers too; 0.29+ require them.
---
 client/web/index.html                         |  6 +++++-
 client/web/python-worker.js                   |  9 ++++++++-
 client/web/python.js                          | 19 ++++++++++++++++---
 .../src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py       |  4 ++++
 .../flet-web/src/flet_web/patch_index.py      | 11 +++++++++--
 sdk/python/templates/build/cookiecutter.json  |  1 +
 .../{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/web/index.html   | 11 ++++++++++-
 .../web/python-worker.js                      |  9 ++++++++-
 .../{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/web/python.js    | 15 +++++++++++++--
 9 files changed, 74 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)

diff --git a/client/web/index.html b/client/web/index.html
index 2e622c51af..0e630c5821 100644
--- a/client/web/index.html
+++ b/client/web/index.html
@@ -30,7 +30,11 @@
       assetBase: "/",
       routeUrlStrategy: "path",
       canvasKitBaseUrl: "/canvaskit/",
-      pyodideUrl: "/pyodide/pyodide.js",
+      // Default fallback only — `patch_index.py` overrides this with the
+      // resolved per-build URL (CDN or local) at deploy time. The `.mjs`
+      // suffix is required because python-worker.js is a module worker
+      // that loads the runtime via dynamic `import()`. See client/web/python.js.
+      pyodideUrl: "/pyodide/pyodide.mjs",
       webRenderer: "auto",
       fontFallbackBaseUrl: "assets/fonts/", // for Noto Emoji, use Google CDN
       appPackageUrl: "app.tar.gz"
diff --git a/client/web/python-worker.js b/client/web/python-worker.js
index 40c6083afc..31350fb9a7 100644
--- a/client/web/python-worker.js
+++ b/client/web/python-worker.js
@@ -38,7 +38,14 @@ self.sendPythonOutput = function (text, isStderr) {
 
 self.initPyodide = async function () {
     try {
-        importScripts(self.pyodideUrl);
+        // Module-worker load path. `importScripts` only exists in classic
+        // workers — Pyodide >= 0.29 actively refuses to load there ("Classic
+        // web workers are not supported"). We're a module worker, so the
+        // runtime ships as `pyodide.mjs` and exposes `loadPyodide` via ESM
+        // exports. The CDN/jsdelivr fallback URL set by patch_index.py also
+        // points at the .mjs variant.
+        const pyodideModule = await import(self.pyodideUrl);
+        const loadPyodide = pyodideModule.loadPyodide || self.loadPyodide;
         self.pyodide = await loadPyodide({
             stdout: (text) => self.sendPythonOutput(text, false),
             stderr: (text) => self.sendPythonOutput(text, true),
diff --git a/client/web/python.js b/client/web/python.js
index d44d66d1d2..1e44e27b2e 100644
--- a/client/web/python.js
+++ b/client/web/python.js
@@ -13,8 +13,17 @@ globalThis.jsConnect = async function (appId, args, dartOnMessage) {
     };
     console.log(`Starting up Python worker: ${appId}, args: ${args}`);
     _apps[appId] = app;
-    app.worker = new Worker((flet.entrypointBaseUrl.endsWith("/") ?
-        flet.entrypointBaseUrl.slice(0, -1) : flet.entrypointBaseUrl) + "/python-worker.js");
+    // Module worker (type: "module") is required by Pyodide >= 0.29 — the
+    // runtime throws "Classic web workers are not supported" inside any
+    // worker where `importScripts` is callable. Module workers don't have
+    // `importScripts`, so the check passes. Older Pyodide lines (0.27.x)
+    // accept module workers too, so this is forward-compatible across all
+    // supported Python versions (3.12 → Pyodide 0.27.7, 3.13 → 0.29.4,
+    // 3.14 → 314.0.0).
+    app.worker = new Worker(
+        (flet.entrypointBaseUrl.endsWith("/") ?
+            flet.entrypointBaseUrl.slice(0, -1) : flet.entrypointBaseUrl) + "/python-worker.js",
+        { type: "module" });
 
     var error;
     app.worker.onmessage = (event) => {
@@ -32,7 +41,11 @@ globalThis.jsConnect = async function (appId, args, dartOnMessage) {
 
     // initialize worker
     app.worker.postMessage({
-        pyodideUrl: flet.pyodideUrl || "pyodide/pyodide.js",
+        // `.mjs` is the ES-module variant. python-worker.js (now a module
+        // worker) loads it via dynamic `import()`. The legacy `.js`
+        // variant relied on `importScripts`, which doesn't exist in a
+        // module worker.
+        pyodideUrl: flet.pyodideUrl || "pyodide/pyodide.mjs",
         args: args,
         documentUrl: _documentUrl,
         appPackageUrl: flet.appPackageUrl,
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py
index 66dd31cc1d..964e4b0dd4 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py
@@ -1186,6 +1186,10 @@ def _xml_attr_value(v):
             "no_cdn": (
                 self.options.no_cdn or self.get_pyproject("tool.flet.web.cdn") == False  # noqa: E712
             ),
+            # Surface the resolved Pyodide release to the cookiecutter
+            # context so the web template's index.html can wire the
+            # correct jsdelivr URL when CDN mode is on.
+            "pyodide_version": self.python_release.pyodide,
             "base_url": f"/{base_url}/" if base_url else "/",
             "split_per_abi": split_per_abi,
             "project_name": project_name,
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet-web/src/flet_web/patch_index.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet-web/src/flet_web/patch_index.py
index 4d3dbe7282..0e206cd5a3 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet-web/src/flet_web/patch_index.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet-web/src/flet_web/patch_index.py
@@ -65,12 +65,19 @@ def patch_index_html(
     # Pin the Pyodide runtime URL for this build. The web client used to fall
     # back to a hardcoded CDN URL when not in no-cdn mode; with multi-version
     # support that constant is gone, so we always inject the URL here.
+    #
+    # `.mjs` is the ES-module variant; python-worker.js (a module worker)
+    # loads it via dynamic `import()`. We can no longer use `.js` because
+    # Pyodide >= 0.29 throws "Classic web workers are not supported" inside
+    # any worker that has `importScripts` available — only classic workers
+    # have it. All supported Pyodide versions (0.27.7 / 0.29.4 / 314.0.0)
+    # ship `pyodide.mjs`.
     if pyodide_version:
         if no_cdn:
-            pyodide_url = "pyodide/pyodide.js"
+            pyodide_url = "pyodide/pyodide.mjs"
         else:
             pyodide_url = (
-                f"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/pyodide/v{pyodide_version}/full/pyodide.js"
+                f"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/pyodide/v{pyodide_version}/full/pyodide.mjs"
             )
         app_config.append(f'flet.pyodideUrl="{pyodide_url}";')
 
diff --git a/sdk/python/templates/build/cookiecutter.json b/sdk/python/templates/build/cookiecutter.json
index 405dfb8dfa..b67704878b 100644
--- a/sdk/python/templates/build/cookiecutter.json
+++ b/sdk/python/templates/build/cookiecutter.json
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
     "split_per_abi": false,
     "no_cdn": false,
     "no_wasm": false,
+    "pyodide_version": "",
     "options": null,
     "pyproject": null,
     "_extensions": ["cookiecutter_extensions.FletExtension"]
diff --git a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/web/index.html b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/web/index.html
index 53bb5e3961..891ee2f47d 100644
--- a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/web/index.html
+++ b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/web/index.html
@@ -29,7 +29,16 @@
       assetBase: "{{ cookiecutter.base_url }}",
       routeUrlStrategy: "{{ cookiecutter.route_url_strategy }}",
       canvasKitBaseUrl: "/canvaskit/",
-      pyodideUrl: "/pyodide/pyodide.js",
+      // .mjs is required: python-worker.js is a module worker and loads
+      // the runtime via dynamic `import()`. Pyodide >= 0.29 also refuses
+      // to run in classic workers. Use the local copy that `flet build`
+      // drops into web/pyodide/ when --no-cdn is set; otherwise pull
+      // from jsdelivr so the build artifact can stay slim.
+      {% if cookiecutter.no_cdn == "True" %}
+      pyodideUrl: "/pyodide/pyodide.mjs",
+      {% else %}
+      pyodideUrl: "https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/pyodide/v{{ cookiecutter.pyodide_version }}/full/pyodide.mjs",
+      {% endif %}
       pythonModuleName: "{{ cookiecutter.python_module_name }}",
       webRenderer: "{{ cookiecutter.web_renderer }}",
       fontFallbackBaseUrl: "assets/fonts/", // for Noto Emoji, use Google CDN
diff --git a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/web/python-worker.js b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/web/python-worker.js
index 40c6083afc..31350fb9a7 100644
--- a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/web/python-worker.js
+++ b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/web/python-worker.js
@@ -38,7 +38,14 @@ self.sendPythonOutput = function (text, isStderr) {
 
 self.initPyodide = async function () {
     try {
-        importScripts(self.pyodideUrl);
+        // Module-worker load path. `importScripts` only exists in classic
+        // workers — Pyodide >= 0.29 actively refuses to load there ("Classic
+        // web workers are not supported"). We're a module worker, so the
+        // runtime ships as `pyodide.mjs` and exposes `loadPyodide` via ESM
+        // exports. The CDN/jsdelivr fallback URL set by patch_index.py also
+        // points at the .mjs variant.
+        const pyodideModule = await import(self.pyodideUrl);
+        const loadPyodide = pyodideModule.loadPyodide || self.loadPyodide;
         self.pyodide = await loadPyodide({
             stdout: (text) => self.sendPythonOutput(text, false),
             stderr: (text) => self.sendPythonOutput(text, true),
diff --git a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/web/python.js b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/web/python.js
index 138fcb3f2e..89e09e6366 100644
--- a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/web/python.js
+++ b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/web/python.js
@@ -13,7 +13,14 @@ globalThis.jsConnect = async function(appId, args, dartOnMessage) {
     };
     console.log(`Starting up Python worker: ${appId}, args: ${args}`);
     _apps[appId] = app;
-    app.worker = new Worker("python-worker.js");
+    // Module worker (type: "module") is required by Pyodide >= 0.29 — the
+    // runtime throws "Classic web workers are not supported" inside any
+    // worker where `importScripts` is callable. Module workers don't have
+    // `importScripts`, so the check passes. Older Pyodide lines (0.27.x)
+    // accept module workers too, so this is forward-compatible across all
+    // supported Python versions (3.12 → Pyodide 0.27.7, 3.13 → 0.29.4,
+    // 3.14 → 314.0.0).
+    app.worker = new Worker("python-worker.js", { type: "module" });
 
     var error;
     app.worker.onmessage = (event) => {
@@ -31,7 +38,11 @@ globalThis.jsConnect = async function(appId, args, dartOnMessage) {
 
     // initialize worker
     app.worker.postMessage({
-        pyodideUrl: flet.pyodideUrl || "pyodide/pyodide.js",
+        // `.mjs` is the ES-module variant. python-worker.js (now a module
+        // worker) loads it via dynamic `import()`. The legacy `.js`
+        // variant relied on `importScripts`, which doesn't exist in a
+        // module worker.
+        pyodideUrl: flet.pyodideUrl || "pyodide/pyodide.mjs",
         args: args,
         documentUrl: _documentUrl,
         appPackageUrl: flet.appPackageUrl,

From d44225d3fd8101eca17a0d5aa4ab6e37a5a3fe67 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 2026 21:40:51 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 12/60] docs(0.86.0): DataChannel + protocol framing
 breaking-change guide
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

* CHANGELOG: new features (DataChannel API), improvements (length-prefix
  framing + type-byte discriminator, StreamingMsgpackDeserializer
  removed), breaking changes (wire format on stream transports, mixed
  flet versions across `flet run` CLI and runtime no longer supported).
* New breaking-changes guide
  `data-channel-protocol-upgrade.md` — migration notes for users with
  custom backends speaking the Flet protocol, plus a heads-up for
  anyone subclassing `MatplotlibChartCanvas` (the Dart-side
  `_invokeMethod` handler no longer fires).
* Add the new guide to the 0.86.0 entry in the breaking-changes index.
---
 CHANGELOG.md                                  |   3 +
 .../data-channel-protocol-upgrade.md          | 111 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../docs/updates/breaking-changes/index.md    |   1 +
 3 files changed, 115 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 website/docs/updates/breaking-changes/data-channel-protocol-upgrade.md

diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index d4fedf2a9e..2672eeb9fd 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -3,17 +3,20 @@
 ### New features
 
 * Multi-version bundled CPython support in `flet build` and `flet publish`. Pick the runtime your app ships with via the new `--python-version` flag (3.12 / 3.13 / 3.14), or let it be derived from `[project].requires-python` in your `pyproject.toml`; defaults to the latest supported stable (currently 3.14). The matching CPython-standalone build, Pyodide release (0.27.7 / 0.29.4 / 314.0.0), and Emscripten wheel platform tag are all resolved from a central registry. Adding a future pre-release CPython line (e.g. 3.15 beta) is a one-row append with `prerelease=True` — opt-in only via an explicit `--python-version 3.15` or `requires-python = "==3.15.*"`, never the auto-resolved default. Requires `serious_python` >= 2.0.0, now pinned in the `flet build` template. See the new [Choosing a Python version](https://flet.dev/docs/publish#choosing-a-python-version) docs section ([#6577](https://github.com/flet-dev/flet/pull/6577)) by @FeodorFitsner.
+* Add `ft.DataChannel`: dedicated byte channels for widgets that move bulk binary data (image frames, audio buffers, ML tensors) between Dart and Python, bypassing the MsgPack control protocol. The Dart side opens a channel via `FletBackend.of(context).openDataChannel()` and announces it to Python by firing a `data_channel_open` control event with `{channel_name, channel_id}`; the Python side declares `on_data_channel_open: Optional[ft.EventHandler[ft.DataChannelOpenEvent]]` and captures the channel via `self.get_data_channel(e.channel_id)`. Backed by a dedicated `PythonBridge` per channel in embedded native mode (4–7 GiB/s on M2 Pro) and by the default `ProtocolMuxedDataChannelFactory` in dev / web modes (raw-byte frames muxed over the active Flet protocol transport with a 1-byte type discriminator). Pyodide gets zero-copy outbound sends via `postMessage` Transferable ArrayBuffer. First consumer: `flet-charts` `MatplotlibChartCanvas`, migrated from `_invoke_method` PNG dispatch to a 1-byte-opcode data channel by @FeodorFitsner.
 
 ### Improvements
 
 * Pyodide is no longer pre-baked into the `flet build` template. Each `flet build web` / `flet publish` run downloads the matching `pyodide-core-<version>.tar.bz2` (plus the runtime `micropip` and `packaging` wheels) into a per-version cache at `~/.flet/pyodide/<version>/` and copies the files into the build output. Subsequent builds reuse the cache; the older `0.27.5` bundle previously shipped in the cookiecutter template is gone ([#6577](https://github.com/flet-dev/flet/pull/6577)) by @FeodorFitsner.
 * `flet --version` now lists the supported Python versions newest first, each with its matching Pyodide release and a `default` / `pre-release` annotation where applicable, instead of the single static `Pyodide: …` line. The global `flet.version.pyodide_version` export is removed (the only external consumer was the CLI version output, now updated) ([#6577](https://github.com/flet-dev/flet/pull/6577)) by @FeodorFitsner.
 * `client/web/python.js` and the build template's `python.js` no longer hardcode `defaultPyodideUrl`. `patch_index.py` now injects `flet.pyodideUrl` per build (CDN URL by default, or the local `pyodide/pyodide.js` path under `--no-cdn`) so the runtime URL always tracks the resolved Pyodide release ([#6577](https://github.com/flet-dev/flet/pull/6577)) by @FeodorFitsner.
+* Stream-oriented Flet protocol transports (UDS / TCP used by `flet run` dev mode) now use length-prefixed framing instead of streaming `msgpack.Unpacker.feed`. Combined with a new 1-byte type discriminator at the head of every packet (`0x00` = MsgPack control frame, `0x01` = raw DataChannel frame), this unifies framing across all transports (sockets, WebSocket, `dart_bridge` FFI, Pyodide `postMessage`). `StreamingMsgpackDeserializer` is removed from `package:flet`; each inbound packet is one complete MsgPack value, decoded one-shot via `msgpack.deserialize(bytes)` by @FeodorFitsner.
 
 ### Breaking changes
 
 * `flet build` and `flet publish` now bundle CPython 3.14 by default (previously 3.12, implicit via the old single-version `serious_python`). Existing apps that depend on native wheels without 3.14 binaries should pin explicitly with `--python-version 3.12` (CLI), `requires-python = ">=3.12,<3.13"` (pyproject), or `SERIOUS_PYTHON_VERSION=3.12` in the build environment ([#6577](https://github.com/flet-dev/flet/pull/6577)) by @FeodorFitsner.
 * The `flet.version.pyodide_version` module attribute and the `PYODIDE_VERSION` constant are removed. Reach for `flet_cli.utils.python_versions.SUPPORTED_PYTHON_VERSIONS` if you need the per-version Pyodide mapping programmatically ([#6577](https://github.com/flet-dev/flet/pull/6577)) by @FeodorFitsner.
+* Flet protocol wire format on stream-oriented transports (UDS / TCP) is incompatible with pre-0.86 servers and clients. Every packet now starts with a 4-byte little-endian length prefix and a 1-byte type discriminator (`0x00` = MsgPack control frame, `0x01` = raw DataChannel frame). WebSocket / `postMessage` / `dart_bridge` transports keep native message boundaries and only gain the type byte. The Flet CLI dev server and the in-process Python runtime are upgraded in lockstep — running `flet run` with mismatched `flet` versions across CLI and runtime is no longer supported. See the [DataChannel protocol framing upgrade](/docs/updates/breaking-changes/data-channel-protocol-upgrade) guide. The `MatplotlibChartCanvas` widget transports its full / diff / clear frames via a `DataChannel` rather than `_invoke_method` arguments — visually identical, but custom code that subclassed it and overrode the apply methods may need updating by @FeodorFitsner.
 
 ### Bug fixes
 
diff --git a/website/docs/updates/breaking-changes/data-channel-protocol-upgrade.md b/website/docs/updates/breaking-changes/data-channel-protocol-upgrade.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f0b41cff4c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/website/docs/updates/breaking-changes/data-channel-protocol-upgrade.md
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+---
+title: "Flet protocol framing upgraded for DataChannel support"
+---
+
+# Flet protocol framing upgraded for DataChannel support
+
+:::note
+This guide is accurate as of Flet 0.86.0. Later releases might add new APIs or
+additional migration paths.
+
+The [breaking changes and deprecations index](.) lists the guides created for each release.
+:::
+
+## Summary
+
+Flet 0.86.0 introduces dedicated **data channels** for widgets that need to
+move bulk binary data (image frames, audio buffers, ML tensors) between Dart
+and Python without going through the MsgPack control protocol.
+
+Enabling this required a one-time upgrade of the Flet protocol's wire format:
+
+- **Stream-oriented transports** (`flet run` dev mode over UDS / TCP) now use
+  **4-byte little-endian length-prefixed framing**. The previous streaming
+  `msgpack.Unpacker.feed` decode is gone.
+- **Every transport** (sockets, WebSocket, `dart_bridge` FFI, Pyodide
+  `postMessage`) now puts a **1-byte type discriminator** at the head of each
+  packet:
+  - `0x00` — MsgPack-encoded Flet control frame (widget state, events) — same
+    contents as before, just with a type byte in front.
+  - `0x01` — raw DataChannel frame (`[channel_id:u32 LE][payload]`).
+
+The new format is **not backwards-compatible**: a Flet 0.85 client cannot talk
+to a Flet 0.86 server, and vice versa. The `flet-cli` dev server and the
+in-process Python runtime were upgraded together in this release.
+
+## Background
+
+Flet's previous wire format on UDS / TCP relied on `msgpack.Unpacker.feed` to
+re-assemble messages from arbitrary byte-stream chunks. That works for
+MsgPack-only traffic but doesn't compose with a second logical stream of raw
+bytes — you can't tell a partial MsgPack value from the start of a raw frame
+without an out-of-band marker.
+
+Adding the 1-byte type byte + 4-byte length prefix solves this in the smallest
+possible way:
+
+- Receivers read `[length][type][...]`, fan out by type byte, no streaming
+  decoder state to maintain.
+- Message-oriented transports (WebSocket, `postMessage`, `dart_bridge`) drop
+  the length prefix since each message is already one packet; they keep the
+  type byte.
+- Per-frame overhead is 5 bytes (message-oriented) or 9 bytes (stream-oriented)
+  — under 1% at any payload size that motivates a data channel.
+
+## Migration guide
+
+### Most users — nothing to change
+
+If you only use `flet build` artifacts or run `flet run` with the matching
+`flet` package version (the default install pulls both at once), there's
+nothing to do. The CLI and the runtime are version-locked.
+
+### Users running `flet-cli` and the `flet` Python package from different installs
+
+Make sure both come from the same release. The common gotcha is a global
+`flet` install plus a project-local `flet` in `.venv` at different versions
+— upgrade or pin both to ≥ `0.86.0` (or both to ≤ `0.85.x`).
+
+A version mismatch will surface as a connection failure during `flet run`
+with a parse error in the dev-server log.
+
+### Users with custom backends or sidecars speaking the Flet protocol
+
+The wire format changed. Update your encoder/decoder:
+
+- **Inbound on a stream transport** (UDS / TCP): read 4 bytes (length, u32 LE),
+  read that many bytes, the first byte is the type discriminator, the rest is
+  the payload.
+- **Inbound on a message transport** (WebSocket, `postMessage`): each
+  message's first byte is the type discriminator, the rest is the payload.
+- **Outbound**: same shape, mirrored.
+
+Treat `0x01` (raw DataChannel) frames as opaque if you don't use data channels
+— forward them along or drop them, never feed them to your MsgPack decoder.
+
+### Code that depended on `StreamingMsgpackDeserializer`
+
+The Dart-side class `package:flet/src/transport/streaming_msgpack_deserializer.dart`
+is removed. There are no public consumers — it was an internal helper for
+stream-transport framing that's no longer needed now that every packet is
+length-delimited. If you imported it (you shouldn't have), decode each inbound
+buffer with one-shot `msgpack.deserialize(bytes)` instead.
+
+### Custom widgets that override `MatplotlibChartCanvas`
+
+`MatplotlibChartCanvas` now transports its `apply_full` / `apply_diff` /
+`clear` frames through a [DataChannel] rather than `_invoke_method` arguments.
+The Python-facing method signatures are unchanged (`apply_full(image_bytes:
+bytes)`, etc.), and they remain the documented API. But if you subclassed the
+canvas and overrode the Dart-side `_invokeMethod` handler, that override no
+longer fires — the Dart side now consumes a 1-byte opcode + PNG payload from
+the channel directly.
+
+## Timeline
+
+- Changed in: `0.86.0`
+
+## References
+
+- API documentation: [DataChannel](/docs/extending-flet/data-channels)
+- Release notes: [Flet 0.86.0](../release-notes.md)
diff --git a/website/docs/updates/breaking-changes/index.md b/website/docs/updates/breaking-changes/index.md
index 6ffd0069dc..d95d4715d4 100644
--- a/website/docs/updates/breaking-changes/index.md
+++ b/website/docs/updates/breaking-changes/index.md
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ Each guide explains the change, the reason for it, and how to migrate your code.
 
 - [Default bundled Python version is now 3.14](/docs/updates/breaking-changes/default-bundled-python-3-14)
 - [`flet.version.pyodide_version` and `PYODIDE_VERSION` removed](/docs/updates/breaking-changes/removed-pyodide-version-export)
+- [Flet protocol framing upgraded for DataChannel support](/docs/updates/breaking-changes/data-channel-protocol-upgrade)
 
 ### Released in Flet 0.85.0
 

From 98d8a2a3231e01d39b3f1e463af2836d6af14f99 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 2026 21:54:10 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 13/60] perf(web): transfer Pyodide-worker bytes to main via
 Transferable ArrayBuffer
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

The worker→main `postMessage` path was structured-cloning every bulk
payload (matplotlib PNG frames, etc.) — measurable cost at ~300 KB
per frame. Switch to Transferable: extract the Uint8Array's
underlying ArrayBuffer and pass it in the second argument to
postMessage. Main thread receives the buffer with ownership transferred,
no copy.

The matching main→worker (Dart→Python) direction already used
Transferable since the DataChannel landing. Both directions are now
zero-copy across the worker boundary on Pyodide.

This does not move the matplotlib bottleneck — that's WASM-compute-bound
on mplot3d — but trims a few ms of structured-clone cost per frame and
makes the perf budget closer to what the dart_bridge embedded path
delivers natively.
---
 client/web/python-worker.js                              | 9 ++++++++-
 .../build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/web/python-worker.js  | 9 ++++++++-
 2 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/client/web/python-worker.js b/client/web/python-worker.js
index 31350fb9a7..5c743dc8e4 100644
--- a/client/web/python-worker.js
+++ b/client/web/python-worker.js
@@ -213,7 +213,14 @@ self.initPyodide = async function () {
 };
 
 self.receiveCallback = (message) => {
-    self.postMessage(message.toJs());
+    // `message` is a Pyodide JsProxy wrapping a Python `bytes`. `toJs()`
+    // gives us a fresh Uint8Array; transferring its underlying ArrayBuffer
+    // to the main thread skips the structured-clone copy (~hundreds of KB
+    // per matplotlib frame). Safe because the Uint8Array is freshly
+    // materialized here, and the original Python `bytes` is untouched
+    // (Pyodide keeps its own reference).
+    const bytes = message.toJs();
+    self.postMessage(bytes, [bytes.buffer]);
 }
 // Same channel as `receiveCallback`, exposed under `flet_js` so the
 // Python python_output shim can post pre-encoded msgpack frames.
diff --git a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/web/python-worker.js b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/web/python-worker.js
index 31350fb9a7..5c743dc8e4 100644
--- a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/web/python-worker.js
+++ b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/web/python-worker.js
@@ -213,7 +213,14 @@ self.initPyodide = async function () {
 };
 
 self.receiveCallback = (message) => {
-    self.postMessage(message.toJs());
+    // `message` is a Pyodide JsProxy wrapping a Python `bytes`. `toJs()`
+    // gives us a fresh Uint8Array; transferring its underlying ArrayBuffer
+    // to the main thread skips the structured-clone copy (~hundreds of KB
+    // per matplotlib frame). Safe because the Uint8Array is freshly
+    // materialized here, and the original Python `bytes` is untouched
+    // (Pyodide keeps its own reference).
+    const bytes = message.toJs();
+    self.postMessage(bytes, [bytes.buffer]);
 }
 // Same channel as `receiveCallback`, exposed under `flet_js` so the
 // Python python_output shim can post pre-encoded msgpack frames.

From 68e98e36677f2cc3d6c85b67b2a707af1318ca46 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Fri, 12 Jun 2026 22:07:24 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 14/60] fix(flet-charts): restore await-based backpressure for
 matplotlib frames
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

The sync `apply_full` + side-channel `_on_frame_applied` callback was
losing matplotlib "draw" events in pyodide mode. Sequence:

1. `_receive_loop` reads frame bytes, calls `apply_full(bytes)` — sync,
   returns immediately.
2. Loop iterates, reads next event from `_receive_queue`.
3. Next event is a `"draw"` notification matplotlib emitted just after
   the previous frame (figure dirty again from mouse drag).
4. Gate check: `_waiting=True` (ack hasn't arrived from Dart yet) →
   **drop the event**.
5. Ack arrives 200+ ms later, `_waiting=False`, but the queue is empty
   and matplotlib doesn't re-emit "draw" until next mouse event.

Result in pyodide: ~1.5 fps observed, vs the 0.85 `_invoke_method`
implementation's much higher rate. The 0.85 pattern wasn't faster
because it lacked an ack — it had one (the INVOKE_METHOD reply). It
was faster because `await self._invoke_method(...)` **blocked the
`_receive_loop`** during the round-trip, so matplotlib events queued
naturally in `_receive_queue` and were processed in order after the
await returned, rather than being eagerly drained against a stale gate.

Fix: re-introduce the await pattern at the canvas level.

* `MatplotlibChartCanvas.apply_full / apply_diff / clear` are now
  async. Each enqueues a per-frame `asyncio.Future`, sends the channel
  packet, and awaits the future.
* `_on_dart_message` resolves the head future when `[0xFF]` arrives.
* `MatplotlibChart._receive_loop` awaits each `apply_*` call —
  matplotlib events that arrive during the wait stay queued and are
  processed after the ack returns. Same behaviour shape as 0.85's
  `_invoke_method` round-trip, but over the DataChannel transport
  (no msgpack on the bulk payload).
* `set_on_frame_applied(cb)` is preserved as a pure observer callback
  for instrumentation (e.g. the 3D example's stats panel) — no longer
  load-bearing for backpressure.

The 3D example's `apply_full` / `apply_diff` wrappers updated to
`async def` + `await` accordingly.
---
 .../charts/matplotlib_chart/three_d/main.py   | 24 ++----
 .../src/flet_charts/matplotlib_chart.py       | 35 +++-----
 .../flet_charts/matplotlib_chart_canvas.py    | 81 ++++++++++++-------
 3 files changed, 72 insertions(+), 68 deletions(-)

diff --git a/sdk/python/examples/extensions/charts/matplotlib_chart/three_d/main.py b/sdk/python/examples/extensions/charts/matplotlib_chart/three_d/main.py
index 63c1a29ba1..98f369dcf5 100644
--- a/sdk/python/examples/extensions/charts/matplotlib_chart/three_d/main.py
+++ b/sdk/python/examples/extensions/charts/matplotlib_chart/three_d/main.py
@@ -216,29 +216,21 @@ async def main(page: ft.Page):
     orig_full = canvas.apply_full
     orig_diff = canvas.apply_diff
 
-    def apply_full(image_bytes: bytes) -> None:
+    async def apply_full(image_bytes: bytes) -> None:
         stats.record_send(len(image_bytes), is_full=True)
-        orig_full(image_bytes)
+        await orig_full(image_bytes)
 
-    def apply_diff(image_bytes: bytes) -> None:
+    async def apply_diff(image_bytes: bytes) -> None:
         stats.record_send(len(image_bytes), is_full=False)
-        orig_diff(image_bytes)
+        await orig_diff(image_bytes)
 
     canvas.apply_full = apply_full
     canvas.apply_diff = apply_diff
 
-    # Chain ourselves in front of the chart's frame-applied callback so the
-    # backpressure ack still clears `_waiting` on the chart. We record the
-    # Dart→Python ack timestamp here, which pairs with the send timestamp
-    # captured in `record_send` to give the dart-side decode + paint cost.
-    chart_ack = canvas._on_frame_applied
-
-    def on_ack() -> None:
-        stats.record_ack()
-        if chart_ack is not None:
-            chart_ack()
-
-    canvas.set_on_frame_applied(on_ack)
+    # Register an observer for frame-applied acks so we can record the
+    # Dart-side timing. Pure observation — backpressure is handled by
+    # the apply_*/await pattern in `MatplotlibChart._receive_loop`.
+    canvas.set_on_frame_applied(stats.record_ack)
 
     # Background task: refresh the labels at ~4 Hz so speed/fps decay
     # visibly when traffic stops and stay readable during fast drags
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet-charts/src/flet_charts/matplotlib_chart.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet-charts/src/flet_charts/matplotlib_chart.py
index 73c49f2992..edefff3963 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet-charts/src/flet_charts/matplotlib_chart.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet-charts/src/flet_charts/matplotlib_chart.py
@@ -131,10 +131,6 @@ def build(self):
             on_resize=self._on_canvas_resize,
             expand=True,
         )
-        # Hook the Dart-side frame-applied ack so we only clear `_waiting`
-        # after the frame actually rendered. Without this gate, interactive
-        # drags pile up frames in Dart's queue and replay them in a burst.
-        self.mpl_canvas.set_on_frame_applied(self._on_frame_applied)
         # Rubberband (zoom selection) overlay drawn on top of the chart image.
         self._rubberband = ft.Container(
             visible=False,
@@ -423,17 +419,6 @@ def download(self, format) -> bytes:
         self.figure.savefig(buff, format=format, dpi=self.figure.dpi * self.__dpr)
         return buff.getvalue()
 
-    def _on_frame_applied(self) -> None:
-        """
-        Called from the canvas when the Dart side finishes rendering a
-        frame. Clearing `_waiting` here (rather than immediately after
-        sending the frame) gates `send_message({"type": "draw"})` so
-        matplotlib doesn't generate the next frame until the previous one
-        has actually painted. Without this, interactive drags pile up
-        frames in the Dart-side queue and play back in a burst.
-        """
-        self._waiting = False
-
     async def _receive_loop(self):
         """
         Consume backend messages and apply canvas/state updates.
@@ -449,17 +434,21 @@ async def _receive_loop(self):
             if is_binary:
                 assert isinstance(content, (bytes, bytearray))
                 logger.debug(f"receive_binary({len(content)})")
-                # Hand the frame to the client widget — full PNG replaces the
-                # backbuffer, diff PNG composites onto it. `_waiting` is
-                # cleared in `_on_frame_applied` when the Dart side acks
-                # that it actually rendered the frame, not here — otherwise
-                # interactive drags push frames faster than the renderer
-                # can keep up and the queue grows unbounded.
+                # Hand the frame to the client widget — full PNG replaces
+                # the backbuffer, diff PNG composites onto it. `await`
+                # here serialises this receive loop on the Dart-side
+                # frame-applied ack: matplotlib "draw" notifications that
+                # arrive during the round-trip stay queued in
+                # `_receive_queue` and are processed after the ack returns,
+                # instead of being eagerly dropped against a stale
+                # `_waiting=True` gate. This is the same backpressure shape
+                # the 0.85 `_invoke_method` round-trip used to provide.
                 if self.__image_mode == "full":
-                    self.mpl_canvas.apply_full(bytes(content))
+                    await self.mpl_canvas.apply_full(bytes(content))
                 else:
-                    self.mpl_canvas.apply_diff(bytes(content))
+                    await self.mpl_canvas.apply_diff(bytes(content))
                 self.img_count += 1
+                self._waiting = False
             else:
                 logger.debug(f"receive_json({content})")
                 if content["type"] == "image_mode":
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet-charts/src/flet_charts/matplotlib_chart_canvas.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet-charts/src/flet_charts/matplotlib_chart_canvas.py
index c371824f68..76f25b064e 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet-charts/src/flet_charts/matplotlib_chart_canvas.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet-charts/src/flet_charts/matplotlib_chart_canvas.py
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
+import asyncio
 import contextlib
+from collections import deque
 from dataclasses import dataclass, field
 from typing import Callable, Optional
 
@@ -69,10 +71,16 @@ def init(self) -> None:
         # `init` is the @ft.control post-construct lifecycle hook (runs
         # before `did_mount`). Wire up the default channel-capture handler.
         self._channel: Optional[ft.DataChannel] = None
-        # Backpressure ack callback — invoked when Dart finishes applying
-        # a frame on its end. Producer-side widgets (e.g. MatplotlibChart)
-        # set this to gate the next frame so the Dart-side queue stays
-        # bounded under interactive load.
+        # FIFO of per-frame ack futures. Each `apply_*` enqueues a future
+        # and `awaits` it; `_on_dart_message` pops the head and resolves
+        # it when Dart's `[0xFF]` ack arrives. The await is what makes
+        # producer-side callers (e.g. MatplotlibChart._receive_loop)
+        # block — events queued during the wait are processed *after*
+        # the ack instead of being dropped by stale gate checks.
+        self._pending_acks: deque[asyncio.Future] = deque()
+        # Optional plain callback for observers that want to be notified
+        # on every frame ack (e.g. perf instrumentation). Fires alongside
+        # the future resolution; not load-bearing for backpressure.
         self._on_frame_applied: Optional[Callable[[], None]] = None
         if self.on_data_channel_open is None:
             self.on_data_channel_open = self._capture_channel
@@ -87,38 +95,57 @@ def _on_dart_message(self, payload: bytes) -> None:
         #   [0xFF] — frame_applied ack. Sent by Dart after each apply_full /
         #            apply_diff / clear completes on its end. Restores the
         #            round-trip backpressure that `_invoke_method` used to
-        #            provide implicitly.
-        if not payload:
+        #            provide implicitly in 0.85.
+        if not payload or payload[0] != 0xFF:
             return
-        if payload[0] == 0xFF:
-            cb = self._on_frame_applied
-            if cb is not None:
-                with contextlib.suppress(Exception):
-                    cb()
+        # Resolve the head future so the matching `apply_*` await returns.
+        if self._pending_acks:
+            fut = self._pending_acks.popleft()
+            if not fut.done():
+                fut.set_result(None)
+        # Then fire the observer callback (if any).
+        cb = self._on_frame_applied
+        if cb is not None:
+            with contextlib.suppress(Exception):
+                cb()
 
     def set_on_frame_applied(self, cb: Optional[Callable[[], None]]) -> None:
-        """Register a callback invoked when Dart finishes applying a frame.
+        """Register a side-channel callback invoked on every frame ack.
 
-        Producer widgets use this to gate frame emission — e.g. matplotlib
-        clears its `_waiting` flag here so the next `draw` message from
-        the figure is honored. Without this gate, the producer would push
-        frames into the Dart-side queue faster than they're rendered,
-        causing the UI to hog and then replay buffered frames in a burst.
+        Useful for instrumentation. Backpressure is handled by awaiting
+        the result of `apply_full` / `apply_diff` / `clear` directly —
+        this callback is a fire-and-forget observer, not part of the
+        gating path.
         """
         self._on_frame_applied = cb
 
-    def apply_full(self, image_bytes: bytes) -> None:
+    async def _send_and_wait(self, packet: bytes) -> None:
+        """Send a channel packet and await Dart's ack.
+
+        Awaiting blocks the caller until `[0xFF]` arrives on the channel,
+        re-creating the 0.85 `_invoke_method` round-trip semantics:
+        events that arrive in the producer's queue during the wait stay
+        queued (instead of being processed eagerly against a stale
+        `_waiting` flag).
+        """
+        if self._channel is None:
+            return
+        loop = asyncio.get_running_loop()
+        fut: asyncio.Future = loop.create_future()
+        self._pending_acks.append(fut)
+        self._channel.send(packet)
+        await fut
+
+    async def apply_full(self, image_bytes: bytes) -> None:
         """
         Replace the current displayed image with a full PNG frame.
 
         Args:
             image_bytes: PNG bytes of the complete frame.
         """
-        if self._channel is None:
-            return
-        self._channel.send(b"\x01" + image_bytes)
+        await self._send_and_wait(b"\x01" + image_bytes)
 
-    def apply_diff(self, image_bytes: bytes) -> None:
+    async def apply_diff(self, image_bytes: bytes) -> None:
         """
         Composite an incremental "diff" PNG frame onto the current image.
 
@@ -130,14 +157,10 @@ def apply_diff(self, image_bytes: bytes) -> None:
         Args:
             image_bytes: PNG bytes of the diff frame.
         """
-        if self._channel is None:
-            return
-        self._channel.send(b"\x02" + image_bytes)
+        await self._send_and_wait(b"\x02" + image_bytes)
 
-    def clear(self) -> None:
+    async def clear(self) -> None:
         """
         Clear the displayed image and discard the backbuffer.
         """
-        if self._channel is None:
-            return
-        self._channel.send(b"\x03")
+        await self._send_and_wait(b"\x03")

From b185f06eef2c4365c690897926f707319ca2db9c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Sat, 13 Jun 2026 08:01:18 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 15/60] ci: fix web client build after
 flet.version.pyodide_version removal
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

The multi-version Python PR (#6577) removed flet.version.pyodide_version
but the 'Get Pyodide version' step still read it, failing every
'Build Flet Client for Web' run. Resolve the version from the
flet_cli.utils.python_versions registry instead (default release's
Pyodide), and replace the hand-rolled tarball + wheel downloads with
flet_cli.utils.pyodide.ensure_pyodide — the hardcoded
micropip-0.8.0/packaging-24.2 filenames would have silently broken on
the new Pyodide line (3.14's lock resolves micropip 0.11.1), since
curl without -f writes 404 pages into the .whl files.

Cherry-picked from 2d8f4a15c on fix-android-arch-filtering.

Co-authored-by: ndonkoHenri <robotcoder4@protonmail.com>
---
 .github/workflows/ci.yml | 16 ++++------------
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
index 1dbfd39668..2b7e0872c0 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -579,7 +579,7 @@ jobs:
         shell: bash
         working-directory: ${{ env.SDK_PYTHON }}
         run: |
-          PYODIDE_VERSION="$( uv run python -c 'import flet.version; print(flet.version.pyodide_version)' )"
+          PYODIDE_VERSION="$( uv run python -c 'from flet_cli.utils.python_versions import DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION, get_release; print(get_release(DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION).pyodide)' )"
           echo "PYODIDE_VERSION=$PYODIDE_VERSION" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
           echo "Pyodide version: $PYODIDE_VERSION"
 
@@ -587,10 +587,6 @@ jobs:
         shell: bash
         working-directory: client
         run: |
-          # Compute Pyodide URLs
-          PYODIDE_URL="https://github.com/pyodide/pyodide/releases/download/${PYODIDE_VERSION}/pyodide-core-${PYODIDE_VERSION}.tar.bz2"
-          PYODIDE_CDN_URL="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/pyodide/v${PYODIDE_VERSION}/full"
-
           FLET_WEB="${SDK_PYTHON}/packages/flet-web/src/flet_web"
 
           flutter build web --wasm
@@ -601,13 +597,9 @@ jobs:
           FLUTTER_JS_DIR="$(dirname "$(command -v flutter)")/cache/flutter_web_sdk/flutter_js"
           cp "$FLUTTER_JS_DIR/flutter.js.map" "${FLET_WEB}/web"
 
-          # Download the Pyodide tarball and extract its contents into the web build folder
-          curl -L "$PYODIDE_URL" | tar -xj -C "${FLET_WEB}/web"
-
-          # Download the prebuilt pyodide wheels
-          for wheel in "packaging-24.2-py3-none-any.whl" "micropip-0.8.0-py3-none-any.whl"; do
-            curl -L "${PYODIDE_CDN_URL}/${wheel}" -o "${FLET_WEB}/web/pyodide/${wheel}"
-          done
+          # Download the Pyodide runtime (plus the micropip/packaging wheels
+          # resolved from pyodide-lock.json) into the web build folder
+          uv run --project "${SDK_PYTHON}" python -c "from pathlib import Path; from flet_cli.utils.pyodide import ensure_pyodide; ensure_pyodide('${PYODIDE_VERSION}', Path('${FLET_WEB}/web/pyodide'))"
 
           # Archive the web client into a gzipped tarball
           tar -czvf "flet-web.tar.gz" -C "build/web" .

From d05ca0ab9994eac2ec992bf9f1a1bfd54f5d1f86 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Sat, 13 Jun 2026 08:01:28 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 16/60] docs(breaking-changes): drop dead
 /docs/extending-flet/data-channels link
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

The 0.86 protocol-framing breaking-change guide linked to a DataChannel
API reference page that doesn't exist yet — there's no extending-flet/
folder, and no DataChannel doc has been authored. Docusaurus' broken-link
scan failed the docs build on every push. Replace the link with prose
pointing at the data_channel.py module docstring; dedicated reference
pages can land in a follow-up once the API doc generator covers it.
---
 .../updates/breaking-changes/data-channel-protocol-upgrade.md   | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/website/docs/updates/breaking-changes/data-channel-protocol-upgrade.md b/website/docs/updates/breaking-changes/data-channel-protocol-upgrade.md
index f0b41cff4c..588165486f 100644
--- a/website/docs/updates/breaking-changes/data-channel-protocol-upgrade.md
+++ b/website/docs/updates/breaking-changes/data-channel-protocol-upgrade.md
@@ -107,5 +107,5 @@ the channel directly.
 
 ## References
 
-- API documentation: [DataChannel](/docs/extending-flet/data-channels)
+- API: `flet.DataChannel` (Python) and `FletBackend.openDataChannel` (Dart) — see the module docstrings in `flet/data_channel.py`; dedicated reference pages will be added in a follow-up.
 - Release notes: [Flet 0.86.0](../release-notes.md)

From b051cd9f991139da27c345914491889825e07253 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Sat, 13 Jun 2026 08:08:27 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 17/60] ci: bump Node 20 actions to Node 24 versions
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

GitHub Actions emitted Node.js 20 deprecation warnings on every job in
run 27457389406. Node 20 will be removed from runners 2026-09-16. Bump
the affected actions to their latest Node 24 majors across all workflows:

- actions/checkout@v4 → v6
- actions/setup-node@v4 → v6 (v6 limited auto-cache to npm, the website
  uses yarn via corepack — no caching behavior change)
- actions/upload-artifact@v4 / v5.0.0 → v7
- actions/download-artifact@v4 → v8
- astral-sh/setup-uv@v6 → v8.2.0 (v8 dropped the major @v8 tag for
  supply-chain reasons, full tag required)
- dart-lang/setup-dart@<old SHA> → v1.7.2

All six actions' action.yml now declare `runs.using: node24`.
---
 .github/workflows/ci.yml                      | 66 +++++++++----------
 .github/workflows/docs.yml                    |  6 +-
 .github/workflows/flet-build-image.yml        |  8 +--
 .github/workflows/flet-build-test-matrix.yml  |  6 +-
 .github/workflows/flet-build-test.yml         |  6 +-
 .github/workflows/macos-integration-tests.yml |  6 +-
 .github/workflows/release-pr-changelog.yml    |  2 +-
 7 files changed, 50 insertions(+), 50 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
index 2b7e0872c0..2989a7211d 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -53,10 +53,10 @@ jobs:
         python-version: [ "3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13", "3.14" ]
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
 
       - name: Setup uv
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v8.2.0
         with:
           python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
 
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Upload docs-coverage logs
         if: matrix.python-version == '3.12'
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
         with:
           name: docs-coverage
           path: sdk/python/docstr_coverage.log
@@ -99,10 +99,10 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
 
       - name: Setup Node.js
-        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v6
         with:
           node-version: 20
 
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ jobs:
         run: corepack enable
 
       - name: Setup uv
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v8.2.0
 
       - name: Build website
         run: |
@@ -132,20 +132,20 @@ jobs:
       PYPI_VER: ${{ steps.versions.outputs.PYPI_VER }}
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0   # fetch all history
           fetch-tags: true # ensure tags are available
 
       - name: Setup uv
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v8.2.0
 
       - name: Compute versions
         id: versions
         run: source "${SCRIPTS}/update_build_version.sh"
 
       - name: Setup Dart (OIDC for pub.dev)
-        uses: dart-lang/setup-dart@e630b99d28a3b71860378cafdc2a067c71107f94
+        uses: dart-lang/setup-dart@v1.7.2
 
       - name: Setup Flutter
         uses: kuhnroyal/flutter-fvm-config-action/setup@v3
@@ -180,10 +180,10 @@ jobs:
       PKG_VER: ${{ needs.build_flet_package.outputs.PKG_VER }}
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
 
       - name: Setup uv
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v8.2.0
 
       - name: Patch build template flet version
         shell: bash
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ jobs:
           zip -r "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/flet-app-templates.zip" app/
 
       - name: Upload artifacts
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
         with:
           name: template-artifacts
           path: |
@@ -230,10 +230,10 @@ jobs:
       PYPI_VER: ${{ needs.build_flet_package.outputs.PYPI_VER }}
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
 
       - name: Setup uv
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v8.2.0
 
       - name: Setup Flutter
         uses: kuhnroyal/flutter-fvm-config-action/setup@v3
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ jobs:
           7z a "${ROOT}/client/flet-windows.zip" "flet"
 
       - name: Upload artifacts
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
         with:
           name: windows-artifacts
           if-no-files-found: error
@@ -285,10 +285,10 @@ jobs:
       PYPI_VER: ${{ needs.build_flet_package.outputs.PYPI_VER }}
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
 
       - name: Setup uv
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v8.2.0
 
       - name: Setup Flutter
         uses: kuhnroyal/flutter-fvm-config-action/setup@v3
@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ jobs:
           tar -czvf flet-macos.tar.gz -C build/macos/Build/Products/Release Flet.app
 
       - name: Upload artifacts
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
         with:
           name: macos-artifacts
           if-no-files-found: error
@@ -443,10 +443,10 @@ jobs:
           apt-get install -y git curl unzip xz-utils zip ca-certificates jq tzdata
 
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
 
       - name: Setup uv
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v8.2.0
 
       - name: Get Flutter version from ".fvmrc"
         uses: kuhnroyal/flutter-fvm-config-action/config@v3
@@ -537,7 +537,7 @@ jobs:
           build_flutter "flet-desktop"
 
       - name: Upload artifacts
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
         with:
           name: linux-${{ matrix.distro_id }}-${{ matrix.arch }}-artifacts
           if-no-files-found: error
@@ -557,10 +557,10 @@ jobs:
       PYPI_VER: ${{ needs.build_flet_package.outputs.PYPI_VER }}
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
 
       - name: Setup uv
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v8.2.0
 
       - name: Setup Flutter
         uses: kuhnroyal/flutter-fvm-config-action/setup@v3
@@ -614,7 +614,7 @@ jobs:
           uv build --package flet-web --sdist
 
       - name: Upload artifacts
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
         with:
           name: web-artifacts
           if-no-files-found: error
@@ -637,13 +637,13 @@ jobs:
       PKG_VER: ${{ needs.build_flet_package.outputs.PKG_VER }}
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
           fetch-tags: true
 
       - name: Setup uv
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v8.2.0
 
       - name: Setup Flutter
         uses: kuhnroyal/flutter-fvm-config-action/setup@v3
@@ -695,7 +695,7 @@ jobs:
           done
 
       - name: Upload artifacts
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
         with:
           name: flet-python-extensions
           if-no-files-found: error
@@ -716,10 +716,10 @@ jobs:
       - build_flet_package
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
 
       - name: Setup uv
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v8.2.0
 
       - name: Build Python packages
         shell: bash
@@ -732,7 +732,7 @@ jobs:
           uv build --package flet-desktop
 
       - name: Upload artifacts
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
         with:
           name: flet-cli-desktop-python-distribution
           path: |
@@ -768,7 +768,7 @@ jobs:
           fi
 
       - name: Download artifacts
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v8
         with:
           path: dist
           merge-multiple: true
@@ -801,13 +801,13 @@ jobs:
       - release
     steps:
       - name: Setup uv
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v8.2.0
         with:
           ignore-empty-workdir: true
           cache-dependency-glob: ""
 
       - name: Download artifacts
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v8
         with:
           path: dist
           merge-multiple: true
diff --git a/.github/workflows/docs.yml b/.github/workflows/docs.yml
index eb1b594afd..26c6e63040 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/docs.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/docs.yml
@@ -9,10 +9,10 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
 
       - name: Setup Node.js
-        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v6
         with:
           node-version: 20
 
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ jobs:
         run: corepack enable
 
       - name: Setup uv
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v8.2.0
 
       - name: Build website
         run: |
diff --git a/.github/workflows/flet-build-image.yml b/.github/workflows/flet-build-image.yml
index f64a3f13ba..14ce106dfa 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/flet-build-image.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/flet-build-image.yml
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ jobs:
       flutter_version: ${{ steps.v.outputs.value }}
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
 
       - name: Resolve version
         id: v
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ jobs:
       FLUTTER_VERSION: ${{ needs.resolve_version.outputs.flutter_version }}
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
 
       - name: Compute platform pair
         id: pair
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ jobs:
           touch "/tmp/digests/${digest#sha256:}"
 
       - name: Upload digest
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
         with:
           name: flet-build-digests-${{ steps.pair.outputs.value }}
           path: /tmp/digests/*
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ jobs:
       FLUTTER_VERSION: ${{ needs.resolve_version.outputs.flutter_version }}
     steps:
       - name: Download digests
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v8
         with:
           path: /tmp/digests
           pattern: flet-build-digests-*
diff --git a/.github/workflows/flet-build-test-matrix.yml b/.github/workflows/flet-build-test-matrix.yml
index 00a8318c36..415e6d7046 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/flet-build-test-matrix.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/flet-build-test-matrix.yml
@@ -140,13 +140,13 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
           fetch-tags: true
 
       - name: Setup uv
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v8.2.0
 
       - name: Patch versions
         shell: bash
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ jobs:
           uv run ${{ matrix.build_cmd }} --python-version ${{ inputs.python_version }} --yes --verbose --build-number ${{ github.run_number }} $FLET_BUILD_EXTRA_ARGS
 
       - name: Upload Artifact
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
         with:
           name: ${{ matrix.artifact_name }}-py${{ inputs.python_version }}
           path: sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_build_test/${{ matrix.artifact_path }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/flet-build-test.yml b/.github/workflows/flet-build-test.yml
index df9312743d..56ee425d24 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/flet-build-test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/flet-build-test.yml
@@ -111,13 +111,13 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
           fetch-tags: true
 
       - name: Setup uv
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v8.2.0
 
       - name: Setup Flutter
         uses: kuhnroyal/flutter-fvm-config-action/setup@v3
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ jobs:
           uv run --with pyinstaller flet pack src/main.py --yes --name flet-pack-test --distpath dist $FLET_PACK_EXTRA_ARGS
 
       - name: Upload Artifact
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
         with:
           name: ${{ matrix.name }}-pack-artifact
           path: sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_build_test/dist
diff --git a/.github/workflows/macos-integration-tests.yml b/.github/workflows/macos-integration-tests.yml
index 396e5f1be5..6dad23a0de 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/macos-integration-tests.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/macos-integration-tests.yml
@@ -55,10 +55,10 @@ jobs:
     name: ${{ matrix.suite }} Integration Tests
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
 
       - name: Setup uv
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v8.2.0
 
       - name: Setup Flutter
         uses: kuhnroyal/flutter-fvm-config-action/setup@v3
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Upload artifact
         if: failure()
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
         with:
           name: integration-test-failures-macos-${{ env.SAFE_SUITE }}
           path: sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/${{ matrix.suite }}/**/*_actual.png
diff --git a/.github/workflows/release-pr-changelog.yml b/.github/workflows/release-pr-changelog.yml
index f3b6d4aea8..e039e9c723 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/release-pr-changelog.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release-pr-changelog.yml
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
 

From 25c96c8bfd74121245870a6af1f72cb87a8b2793 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Sat, 13 Jun 2026 08:23:04 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 18/60] fix(tester): preserve ValueKey value type in
 find_by_key
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

`ValueKey(controlKey.value)` produces `ValueKey<Object>` because
`controlKey.value` is statically typed Object. Flutter's `ValueKey.==`
is runtimeType-strict, so `ValueKey<Object>('foo')` never equals
the `ValueKey<String>('foo')` that ControlWidget assigns to the
rendered widget — making `find_by_key("foo")` from Python tests
find 0 widgets.

Mirrors the fix already applied in control_widget.dart (7367050f2).
Switch-dispatch on the runtime type so String → ValueKey<String>,
int → ValueKey<int>, etc.

Resolves the cascade of "RangeError: no indices are valid: 0" and
"assert 0 == 1" failures across apps, controls/core, controls/material,
controls/cupertino, and controls/theme integration suites.
---
 packages/flet/lib/src/services/tester.dart | 15 +++++++++++++--
 1 file changed, 13 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/flet/lib/src/services/tester.dart b/packages/flet/lib/src/services/tester.dart
index 18dc410319..cd747a1e55 100644
--- a/packages/flet/lib/src/services/tester.dart
+++ b/packages/flet/lib/src/services/tester.dart
@@ -50,9 +50,20 @@ class TesterService extends FletService {
 
       case "find_by_key":
         var controlKey = parseKey(args["key"])!;
-        var key = controlKey is ControlScrollKey
+        // Preserve the concrete value type so the constructed ValueKey<T>
+        // matches the one ControlWidget assigned to the rendered widget.
+        // ValueKey's `==` is runtimeType-strict — `ValueKey<Object>('foo')`
+        // never equals `ValueKey<String>('foo')`, which would make
+        // `find.byKey(...)` miss every Flet control.
+        Key? key = controlKey is ControlScrollKey
             ? control.backend.globalKeys[controlKey.toString()]
-            : ValueKey(controlKey.value);
+            : switch (controlKey.value) {
+                String v => ValueKey<String>(v),
+                int v => ValueKey<int>(v),
+                double v => ValueKey<double>(v),
+                bool v => ValueKey<bool>(v),
+                _ => ValueKey(controlKey.value),
+              };
         if (key == null) {
           throw Exception("Key not found: $key");
         }

From 09338dbf45adcab380a46aa23ae0867facafae30 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Sat, 13 Jun 2026 08:23:55 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 19/60] fix(tests): update example imports after folder rename
 in #6545
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

#6545 renamed 131 example folders (mostly basic/ → descriptive
control name, plus example_1/2/3, nested_themes_1/2 collapsing, and
removing the basic/ wrapper where there was only one example) but the
matching imports in packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/ were
never updated. Test collection failed with ModuleNotFoundError on
every affected suite (examples/apps, examples/extensions, and
examples/controls/{core,cupertino,material}).

Rewrites the 45 test files referencing those modules to the new paths
derived from the rename history of commit 1b2e914ae.
---
 .../flet/integration_tests/examples/apps/test_router.py   | 2 +-
 .../flet/integration_tests/examples/apps/test_todo.py     | 2 +-
 .../examples/controls/core/test_container.py              | 8 ++++++--
 .../integration_tests/examples/controls/core/test_hero.py | 2 +-
 .../examples/controls/core/test_pagelet.py                | 2 +-
 .../examples/controls/core/test_placeholder.py            | 2 +-
 .../examples/controls/core/test_responsive_row.py         | 2 +-
 .../examples/controls/core/test_rotated_box.py            | 2 +-
 .../examples/controls/core/test_shimmer.py                | 4 +++-
 .../examples/controls/core/test_vertical_divider.py       | 2 +-
 .../controls/cupertino/test_cupertino_timer_picker.py     | 4 +++-
 .../examples/controls/material/test_auto_complete.py      | 2 +-
 .../examples/controls/material/test_badge.py              | 2 +-
 .../examples/controls/material/test_banner.py             | 2 +-
 .../examples/controls/material/test_bottom_sheet.py       | 2 +-
 .../examples/controls/material/test_button.py             | 2 +-
 .../examples/controls/material/test_checkbox.py           | 2 +-
 .../examples/controls/material/test_datatable.py          | 2 +-
 .../examples/controls/material/test_date_picker.py        | 2 +-
 .../examples/controls/material/test_date_range_picker.py  | 2 +-
 .../examples/controls/material/test_divider.py            | 2 +-
 .../controls/material/test_expansion_panel_list.py        | 4 +++-
 .../examples/controls/material/test_expansion_tile.py     | 2 +-
 .../examples/controls/material/test_filled_button.py      | 2 +-
 .../controls/material/test_filled_tonal_button.py         | 4 +++-
 .../examples/controls/material/test_list_tile.py          | 2 +-
 .../examples/controls/material/test_menu_item_button.py   | 2 +-
 .../examples/controls/material/test_navigation_bar.py     | 2 +-
 .../examples/controls/material/test_navigation_rail.py    | 4 +++-
 .../examples/controls/material/test_outlined_button.py    | 4 +++-
 .../examples/controls/material/test_popup_menu_button.py  | 4 +++-
 .../examples/controls/material/test_radio.py              | 2 +-
 .../examples/controls/material/test_range_slider.py       | 2 +-
 .../controls/material/test_reorderable_drag_handle.py     | 4 +++-
 .../examples/controls/material/test_search_bar.py         | 2 +-
 .../examples/controls/material/test_selection_area.py     | 2 +-
 .../examples/controls/material/test_slider.py             | 2 +-
 .../examples/controls/material/test_snack_bar.py          | 2 +-
 .../examples/controls/material/test_submenu_button.py     | 2 +-
 .../examples/controls/material/test_switch.py             | 2 +-
 .../examples/controls/material/test_tabs.py               | 2 +-
 .../examples/controls/material/test_text_button.py        | 2 +-
 .../examples/controls/material/test_textfield.py          | 2 +-
 .../examples/controls/material/test_time_picker.py        | 2 +-
 .../examples/extensions/code_editor/test_code_editor.py   | 6 +++---
 45 files changed, 68 insertions(+), 48 deletions(-)

diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/apps/test_router.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/apps/test_router.py
index 92ede9a6cd..f6f3c53287 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/apps/test_router.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/apps/test_router.py
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
 from examples.apps.router.app_drawer import main as app_drawer
 from examples.apps.router.auth_dialog import main as auth_dialog
 from examples.apps.router.auth_page import main as auth_page
-from examples.apps.router.basic import main as basic
 from examples.apps.router.dynamic_segments import main as dynamic_segments
 from examples.apps.router.featured import main as featured
 from examples.apps.router.featured_views import main as featured_views
@@ -18,6 +17,7 @@
 from examples.apps.router.nested_routes import main as nested_routes
 from examples.apps.router.prefix_routes import main as prefix_routes
 from examples.apps.router.recursive_routes import main as recursive_routes
+from examples.apps.router.routing import main as basic
 from examples.apps.router.runtime_routes import main as runtime_routes
 from examples.apps.router.splats import main as splats
 
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/apps/test_todo.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/apps/test_todo.py
index abd2fc4f15..28255e3bfe 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/apps/test_todo.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/apps/test_todo.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 
-import examples.apps.todo.basic.main as todo_basic
+import examples.apps.todo.main as todo_basic
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
 
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/core/test_container.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/core/test_container.py
index f16da8e81d..a56bd4ac04 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/core/test_container.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/core/test_container.py
@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 import pytest
 
-import examples.controls.core.container.nested_themes_1.main as nested_themes_1
-import examples.controls.core.container.nested_themes_2.main as nested_themes_2
 import examples.controls.core.container.size_aware.main as size_aware
 import flet.testing as ftt
+from examples.controls.core.container.inherited_and_overridden_theme import (
+    main as nested_themes_1,
+)
+from examples.controls.core.container.page_dark_and_light_themes import (
+    main as nested_themes_2,
+)
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/core/test_hero.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/core/test_hero.py
index 78c4c7742e..2f9aabc20d 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/core/test_hero.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/core/test_hero.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
-from examples.controls.core.hero.basic import main as basic
+from examples.controls.core.hero.hero import main as basic
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/core/test_pagelet.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/core/test_pagelet.py
index 0e1cccbcac..415e3ed9d0 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/core/test_pagelet.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/core/test_pagelet.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
-from examples.controls.core.pagelet.basic.main import main as basic
+from examples.controls.core.pagelet.pagelet.main import main as basic
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio(loop_scope="function")
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/core/test_placeholder.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/core/test_placeholder.py
index fbd33b72ea..c09834faba 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/core/test_placeholder.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/core/test_placeholder.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
-from examples.controls.core.placeholder.basic.main import main as basic
+from examples.controls.core.placeholder.placeholder.main import main as basic
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio(loop_scope="function")
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/core/test_responsive_row.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/core/test_responsive_row.py
index f148e6b155..064570d1c5 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/core/test_responsive_row.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/core/test_responsive_row.py
@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@
 
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
-from examples.controls.core.responsive_row.basic.main import main as basic
 from examples.controls.core.responsive_row.custom_breakpoint.main import (
     main as custom_breakpoint,
 )
+from examples.controls.core.responsive_row.responsive_row.main import main as basic
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio(loop_scope="function")
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/core/test_rotated_box.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/core/test_rotated_box.py
index 88f6717431..75391519b5 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/core/test_rotated_box.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/core/test_rotated_box.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import pytest
 
 import flet.testing as ftt
-from examples.controls.core.rotated_box.basic.main import main as basic
+from examples.controls.core.rotated_box.rotated_box.main import main as basic
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/core/test_shimmer.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/core/test_shimmer.py
index bf04598528..0da0b7515b 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/core/test_shimmer.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/core/test_shimmer.py
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 import pytest
 
-import examples.controls.core.shimmer.basic_placeholder.main as basic_placeholder
 import examples.controls.core.shimmer.custom_gradient.main as custom_gradient
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
+from examples.controls.core.shimmer.shimmer_basic_placeholder import (
+    main as basic_placeholder,
+)
 
 
 @pytest.mark.skip(reason="The test is flaky on CI")
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/core/test_vertical_divider.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/core/test_vertical_divider.py
index f5cd7a9072..34c021b7bc 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/core/test_vertical_divider.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/core/test_vertical_divider.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 
-import examples.controls.core.vertical_divider.basic.main as basic
+import examples.controls.core.vertical_divider.vertical_divider.main as basic
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
 
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/cupertino/test_cupertino_timer_picker.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/cupertino/test_cupertino_timer_picker.py
index 58e4b96be8..2e550aa236 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/cupertino/test_cupertino_timer_picker.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/cupertino/test_cupertino_timer_picker.py
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 import pytest
 
-import examples.controls.cupertino.cupertino_timer_picker.basic.main as basic
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
+from examples.controls.cupertino.cupertino_timer_picker.cupertino_timer_picker import (
+    main as basic,
+)
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio(loop_scope="function")
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_auto_complete.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_auto_complete.py
index a6c03d3132..20672364ee 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_auto_complete.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_auto_complete.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import pytest
 
 import flet.testing as ftt
-from examples.controls.material.auto_complete.basic import main as basic
+from examples.controls.material.auto_complete.auto_complete import main as basic
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_badge.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_badge.py
index a15a01ecf6..b8542f93f7 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_badge.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_badge.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 
-import examples.controls.material.badge.basic.main as basic
+import examples.controls.material.badge.badge.main as basic
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
 
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_banner.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_banner.py
index 2863d50e56..efd8926592 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_banner.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_banner.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
-from examples.controls.material.banner.basic import main as basic
+from examples.controls.material.banner.banner import main as basic
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio(loop_scope="function")
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_bottom_sheet.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_bottom_sheet.py
index 4b3ff641db..2ea619d6be 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_bottom_sheet.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_bottom_sheet.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 
-import examples.controls.material.bottom_sheet.basic.main as basic
+import examples.controls.material.bottom_sheet.bottom_sheet.main as basic
 import examples.controls.material.bottom_sheet.fullscreen.main as fullscreen
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_button.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_button.py
index cc6b68a756..f2a717eda7 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_button.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_button.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import pytest
 
 import examples.controls.material.button.animate_on_hover.main as animate_on_hover
-import examples.controls.material.button.basic.main as basic
+import examples.controls.material.button.button.main as basic
 import examples.controls.material.button.button_shapes.main as button_shapes
 import examples.controls.material.button.custom_content.main as custom_content
 import examples.controls.material.button.handling_clicks.main as handling_clicks
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_checkbox.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_checkbox.py
index bc51199ab2..40069e49d8 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_checkbox.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_checkbox.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 
-import examples.controls.material.checkbox.basic.main as basic
+import examples.controls.material.checkbox.checkbox.main as basic
 import examples.controls.material.checkbox.handling_events.main as handling_events
 import examples.controls.material.checkbox.styled.main as styled
 import flet as ft
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_datatable.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_datatable.py
index 50647fd3e9..7f9a6bf62a 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_datatable.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_datatable.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 from examples.controls.material.data_table.adaptive_row_heights import (
     main as adaptive_row_heights,
 )
-from examples.controls.material.data_table.basic import main as basic
+from examples.controls.material.data_table.data_table import main as basic
 from examples.controls.material.data_table.handling_events import (
     main as handling_events,
 )
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_date_picker.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_date_picker.py
index a0f8c1b2ce..b5480c617b 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_date_picker.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_date_picker.py
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
 
 import pytest
 
-import examples.controls.material.date_picker.basic.main as basic
 import examples.controls.material.date_picker.custom_locale.main as custom_locale
+import examples.controls.material.date_picker.date_picker.main as basic
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
 
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_date_range_picker.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_date_range_picker.py
index c15a68c653..91e00a0780 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_date_range_picker.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_date_range_picker.py
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
 
 import pytest
 
-import examples.controls.material.date_range_picker.basic.main as basic
 import examples.controls.material.date_range_picker.custom_locale.main as custom_locale
+import examples.controls.material.date_range_picker.date_range_picker.main as basic
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
 
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_divider.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_divider.py
index 64b7acdb40..2abc54551c 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_divider.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_divider.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 
-import examples.controls.material.divider.basic.main as basic
+import examples.controls.material.divider.divider.main as basic
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
 
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_expansion_panel_list.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_expansion_panel_list.py
index 85133eb149..2caf641355 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_expansion_panel_list.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_expansion_panel_list.py
@@ -2,7 +2,9 @@
 
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
-from examples.controls.material.expansion_panel_list.basic import main as basic
+from examples.controls.material.expansion_panel_list.expansion_panel_list import (
+    main as basic,
+)
 from examples.controls.material.expansion_panel_list.scrollable import (
     main as scrollable,
 )
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_expansion_tile.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_expansion_tile.py
index 1f844a853f..ce6329ec82 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_expansion_tile.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_expansion_tile.py
@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@
 
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
-from examples.controls.material.expansion_tile.basic import main as basic
 from examples.controls.material.expansion_tile.borders import main as borders
 from examples.controls.material.expansion_tile.custom_animations import (
     main as custom_animations,
 )
+from examples.controls.material.expansion_tile.expansion_tile import main as basic
 from examples.controls.material.expansion_tile.programmatic_expansion import (
     main as programmatic_expansion,
 )
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_filled_button.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_filled_button.py
index 1c3def9627..8ce6b8dd5b 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_filled_button.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_filled_button.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
-from examples.controls.material.filled_button.basic import main as basic
+from examples.controls.material.filled_button.filled_button import main as basic
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio(loop_scope="function")
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_filled_tonal_button.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_filled_tonal_button.py
index a2cc355d93..a3195d4379 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_filled_tonal_button.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_filled_tonal_button.py
@@ -2,7 +2,9 @@
 
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
-from examples.controls.material.filled_tonal_button.basic import main as basic
+from examples.controls.material.filled_tonal_button.filled_tonal_button import (
+    main as basic,
+)
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio(loop_scope="function")
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_list_tile.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_list_tile.py
index 68ebec6a0f..6d5bbbdeae 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_list_tile.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_list_tile.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
-from examples.controls.material.list_tile.basic import main as basic
+from examples.controls.material.list_tile.list_tile import main as basic
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio(loop_scope="function")
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_menu_item_button.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_menu_item_button.py
index 4be7b7353f..712bdafc01 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_menu_item_button.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_menu_item_button.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
-from examples.controls.material.menu_item_button.basic import main as basic
+from examples.controls.material.menu_item_button.menu_item_button import main as basic
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio(loop_scope="function")
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_navigation_bar.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_navigation_bar.py
index 51e9469da9..c15ca1b15c 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_navigation_bar.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_navigation_bar.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
-from examples.controls.material.navigation_bar.basic.main import main as basic
+from examples.controls.material.navigation_bar.navigation_bar.main import main as basic
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio(loop_scope="function")
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_navigation_rail.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_navigation_rail.py
index 02d597b9c4..4ea83a61a5 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_navigation_rail.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_navigation_rail.py
@@ -2,7 +2,9 @@
 
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
-from examples.controls.material.navigation_rail.basic.main import main as basic
+from examples.controls.material.navigation_rail.navigation_rail.main import (
+    main as basic,
+)
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio(loop_scope="function")
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_outlined_button.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_outlined_button.py
index 0565913ffa..d3425775ae 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_outlined_button.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_outlined_button.py
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
-from examples.controls.material.outlined_button.basic.main import main as basic
 from examples.controls.material.outlined_button.custom_content.main import (
     main as custom_content,
 )
@@ -10,6 +9,9 @@
     main as handling_clicks,
 )
 from examples.controls.material.outlined_button.icons.main import main as icons
+from examples.controls.material.outlined_button.outlined_button.main import (
+    main as basic,
+)
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio(loop_scope="function")
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_popup_menu_button.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_popup_menu_button.py
index 191985b7ce..6dceba4df6 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_popup_menu_button.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_popup_menu_button.py
@@ -2,7 +2,9 @@
 
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
-from examples.controls.material.popup_menu_button.basic.main import main as basic
+from examples.controls.material.popup_menu_button.popup_menu_button.main import (
+    main as basic,
+)
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio(loop_scope="function")
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_radio.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_radio.py
index 41450aef3d..cf39f13539 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_radio.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_radio.py
@@ -2,10 +2,10 @@
 
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
-from examples.controls.material.radio.basic.main import main as basic
 from examples.controls.material.radio.handling_selection_changes.main import (
     main as handling_selection_changes,
 )
+from examples.controls.material.radio.radio.main import main as basic
 from examples.controls.material.radio.styled.main import main as styled
 
 
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_range_slider.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_range_slider.py
index 7ecf08d0c3..59446a617b 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_range_slider.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_range_slider.py
@@ -2,10 +2,10 @@
 
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
-from examples.controls.material.range_slider.basic.main import main as basic
 from examples.controls.material.range_slider.handling_change_events.main import (
     main as handling_change_events,
 )
+from examples.controls.material.range_slider.range_slider.main import main as basic
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio(loop_scope="function")
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_reorderable_drag_handle.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_reorderable_drag_handle.py
index dc2e70f640..5bdce04368 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_reorderable_drag_handle.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_reorderable_drag_handle.py
@@ -2,7 +2,9 @@
 
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
-from examples.controls.material.reorderable_drag_handle.basic.main import main as basic
+from examples.controls.material.reorderable_drag_handle.custom_drag_handle.main import (
+    main as basic,
+)
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio(loop_scope="function")
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_search_bar.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_search_bar.py
index e3d37a26c2..8ee14c9e86 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_search_bar.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_search_bar.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 
-import examples.controls.material.search_bar.basic.main as basic
+import examples.controls.material.search_bar.search_bar.main as basic
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
 
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_selection_area.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_selection_area.py
index f8d883f6e6..1ea39c3aec 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_selection_area.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_selection_area.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 
-import examples.controls.material.selection_area.basic.main as basic
+import examples.controls.material.selection_area.selection_area.main as basic
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
 
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_slider.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_slider.py
index e649f5065d..544444bc08 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_slider.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_slider.py
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 import pytest
 
-import examples.controls.material.slider.basic.main as basic
 import examples.controls.material.slider.custom_label.main as custom_label
 import examples.controls.material.slider.handling_events.main as handling_events
+import examples.controls.material.slider.slider.main as basic
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
 
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_snack_bar.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_snack_bar.py
index 591e605d9a..e1342a1be8 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_snack_bar.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_snack_bar.py
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 import pytest
 
 import examples.controls.material.snack_bar.action.main as action
-import examples.controls.material.snack_bar.basic.main as basic
 import examples.controls.material.snack_bar.counter.main as counter
+import examples.controls.material.snack_bar.snack_bar.main as basic
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
 
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_submenu_button.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_submenu_button.py
index 7197403852..c31c8efbce 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_submenu_button.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_submenu_button.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import pytest
 
-import examples.controls.material.submenu_button.basic.main as basic
 import examples.controls.material.submenu_button.standalone.main as standalone
+import examples.controls.material.submenu_button.submenu_button.main as basic
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
 
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_switch.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_switch.py
index 48a1c484b8..b28d0398e2 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_switch.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_switch.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import pytest
 
-import examples.controls.material.switch.basic.main as basic
 import examples.controls.material.switch.handling_events.main as handling_events
+import examples.controls.material.switch.switch.main as basic
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
 
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_tabs.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_tabs.py
index 7595678088..5815afe56b 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_tabs.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_tabs.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 
-import examples.controls.material.tabs.basic.main as basic
+import examples.controls.material.tabs.tabs.main as basic
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
 
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_text_button.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_text_button.py
index 2bba34c9e6..b5fec2838c 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_text_button.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_text_button.py
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 import pytest
 
-import examples.controls.material.text_button.basic.main as basic
 import examples.controls.material.text_button.custom_content.main as custom_content
 import examples.controls.material.text_button.handling_clicks.main as handling_clicks
 import examples.controls.material.text_button.icons.main as icons
+import examples.controls.material.text_button.text_button.main as basic
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
 
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_textfield.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_textfield.py
index e79a4f5eb7..b5de3d0a61 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_textfield.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_textfield.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 
-import examples.controls.material.text_field.basic.main as basic
+import examples.controls.material.text_field.text_field.main as basic
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
 from examples.controls.material.text_field.handling_change_events.main import (
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_time_picker.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_time_picker.py
index 18d23b2b60..4e96305d88 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_time_picker.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/controls/material/test_time_picker.py
@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@
 
 import pytest
 
-import examples.controls.material.time_picker.basic.main as basic
 import examples.controls.material.time_picker.custom_locale.main as custom_locale
 import examples.controls.material.time_picker.hour_formats.main as hour_formats
+import examples.controls.material.time_picker.time_picker.main as basic
 import flet as ft
 import flet.testing as ftt
 
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/extensions/code_editor/test_code_editor.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/extensions/code_editor/test_code_editor.py
index 433c34bdb7..1c701712f4 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/extensions/code_editor/test_code_editor.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/integration_tests/examples/extensions/code_editor/test_code_editor.py
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 import pytest
 
-import examples.extensions.code_editor.example_1.main as example_1
-import examples.extensions.code_editor.example_2.main as example_2
-import examples.extensions.code_editor.example_3.main as example_3
+import examples.extensions.code_editor.code_editor.main as example_1
+import examples.extensions.code_editor.folding_and_initial_selection.main as example_3
+import examples.extensions.code_editor.selection_handling.main as example_2
 import flet.testing as ftt
 
 

From 27a01da98335ce12c05212aebc584996b8c86354 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Sat, 13 Jun 2026 09:37:47 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 20/60] Docusaurus 3.10.1 and Node.js 24

---
 .github/workflows/ci.yml   |   2 +-
 .github/workflows/docs.yml |   2 +-
 website/package.json       |  10 +-
 website/yarn.lock          | 541 +++++++++++++++++++------------------
 4 files changed, 291 insertions(+), 264 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
index 2989a7211d..9b58f3d7ba 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Setup Node.js
         uses: actions/setup-node@v6
         with:
-          node-version: 20
+          node-version: 24
 
       - name: Enable Corepack
         run: corepack enable
diff --git a/.github/workflows/docs.yml b/.github/workflows/docs.yml
index 26c6e63040..ccf87d36e5 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/docs.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/docs.yml
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Setup Node.js
         uses: actions/setup-node@v6
         with:
-          node-version: 20
+          node-version: 24
 
       - name: Enable Corepack
         run: corepack enable
diff --git a/website/package.json b/website/package.json
index ce3c2442c6..1efad5ac9a 100644
--- a/website/package.json
+++ b/website/package.json
@@ -12,11 +12,11 @@
   },
   "dependencies": {
     "@docsearch/docusaurus-adapter": "^4.6.2",
-    "@docusaurus/core": "^3.10.0",
-    "@docusaurus/faster": "^3.10.0",
-    "@docusaurus/plugin-client-redirects": "^3.10.0",
-    "@docusaurus/preset-classic": "^3.10.0",
-    "@docusaurus/theme-mermaid": "^3.10.0",
+    "@docusaurus/core": "^3.10.1",
+    "@docusaurus/faster": "^3.10.1",
+    "@docusaurus/plugin-client-redirects": "^3.10.1",
+    "@docusaurus/preset-classic": "^3.10.1",
+    "@docusaurus/theme-mermaid": "^3.10.1",
     "@hcaptcha/react-hcaptcha": "^1.0.0",
     "@mdx-js/react": "^3.0.0",
     "clsx": "^1.1.1",
diff --git a/website/yarn.lock b/website/yarn.lock
index 2826c31389..138e853b70 100644
--- a/website/yarn.lock
+++ b/website/yarn.lock
@@ -2241,9 +2241,9 @@ __metadata:
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
-"@docusaurus/babel@npm:3.10.0":
-  version: 3.10.0
-  resolution: "@docusaurus/babel@npm:3.10.0"
+"@docusaurus/babel@npm:3.10.1":
+  version: 3.10.1
+  resolution: "@docusaurus/babel@npm:3.10.1"
   dependencies:
     "@babel/core": "npm:^7.25.9"
     "@babel/generator": "npm:^7.25.9"
@@ -2254,12 +2254,12 @@ __metadata:
     "@babel/preset-typescript": "npm:^7.25.9"
     "@babel/runtime": "npm:^7.25.9"
     "@babel/traverse": "npm:^7.25.9"
-    "@docusaurus/logger": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/utils": "npm:3.10.0"
+    "@docusaurus/logger": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/utils": "npm:3.10.1"
     babel-plugin-dynamic-import-node: "npm:^2.3.3"
     fs-extra: "npm:^11.1.1"
     tslib: "npm:^2.6.0"
-  checksum: 10c0/d79bd3e8805036e35b09ec4c7ebbf6060b07c1a375b3d27c727cc3122d25c9fddd98d450a22b70eaa9f7f3be0a7c3c5bd36819a7c1abcde4c7b4d3356248a9e3
+  checksum: 10c0/3f6d2fdd6bc9c3a47683c1517e2afc7bca4b95d7b1817d68e91c1c2eaf944971d925ec03f2de8d88d40f97a0d88a1415cb2b9c64ac335c7cb6e37e6258c6f97a
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
@@ -2286,16 +2286,16 @@ __metadata:
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
-"@docusaurus/bundler@npm:3.10.0":
-  version: 3.10.0
-  resolution: "@docusaurus/bundler@npm:3.10.0"
+"@docusaurus/bundler@npm:3.10.1":
+  version: 3.10.1
+  resolution: "@docusaurus/bundler@npm:3.10.1"
   dependencies:
     "@babel/core": "npm:^7.25.9"
-    "@docusaurus/babel": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/cssnano-preset": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/logger": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/types": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/utils": "npm:3.10.0"
+    "@docusaurus/babel": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/cssnano-preset": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/logger": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/types": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/utils": "npm:3.10.1"
     babel-loader: "npm:^9.2.1"
     clean-css: "npm:^5.3.3"
     copy-webpack-plugin: "npm:^11.0.0"
@@ -2313,13 +2313,13 @@ __metadata:
     tslib: "npm:^2.6.0"
     url-loader: "npm:^4.1.1"
     webpack: "npm:^5.95.0"
-    webpackbar: "npm:^6.0.1"
+    webpackbar: "npm:^7.0.0"
   peerDependencies:
     "@docusaurus/faster": "*"
   peerDependenciesMeta:
     "@docusaurus/faster":
       optional: true
-  checksum: 10c0/49af1eba5e45126e972f943148b891c9e167e4510e6f349060ef210c648f28b5ee6344280e1ade0c2e1317bdd165ed3615aa71f95e91bd11e00a7dbb6795a0e3
+  checksum: 10c0/20655bd64a5716cc3603d9097e7ca3d2526ccd7265ce3e9d23dfc9679faa08752a5604b98ba2b47eea5e183a3c4f0e383300899ae2f3897513493ec97a6beab2
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
@@ -2360,17 +2360,17 @@ __metadata:
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
-"@docusaurus/core@npm:3.10.0, @docusaurus/core@npm:^3.10.0":
-  version: 3.10.0
-  resolution: "@docusaurus/core@npm:3.10.0"
-  dependencies:
-    "@docusaurus/babel": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/bundler": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/logger": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/mdx-loader": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/utils": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/utils-common": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/utils-validation": "npm:3.10.0"
+"@docusaurus/core@npm:3.10.1, @docusaurus/core@npm:^3.10.1":
+  version: 3.10.1
+  resolution: "@docusaurus/core@npm:3.10.1"
+  dependencies:
+    "@docusaurus/babel": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/bundler": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/logger": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/mdx-loader": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/utils": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/utils-common": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/utils-validation": "npm:3.10.1"
     boxen: "npm:^6.2.1"
     chalk: "npm:^4.1.2"
     chokidar: "npm:^3.5.3"
@@ -2416,7 +2416,7 @@ __metadata:
       optional: true
   bin:
     docusaurus: bin/docusaurus.mjs
-  checksum: 10c0/2a00cd5f1a22a737d37d127f5e5e6aee3ed51563884136fc76d2fa97cb71a7d577e28959f25ec2065c0e232efc003def1d6db94fcee0533063de87484bb39c86
+  checksum: 10c0/006d9f57357c3196d0c33f7c5d0ce33b9f032358ed070b8ce212186169c356847cf768b3ac95b54433815c0076eda2eb94805a64bf4b2f5e47376556164e5362
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
@@ -2476,15 +2476,15 @@ __metadata:
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
-"@docusaurus/cssnano-preset@npm:3.10.0":
-  version: 3.10.0
-  resolution: "@docusaurus/cssnano-preset@npm:3.10.0"
+"@docusaurus/cssnano-preset@npm:3.10.1":
+  version: 3.10.1
+  resolution: "@docusaurus/cssnano-preset@npm:3.10.1"
   dependencies:
     cssnano-preset-advanced: "npm:^6.1.2"
     postcss: "npm:^8.5.4"
     postcss-sort-media-queries: "npm:^5.2.0"
     tslib: "npm:^2.6.0"
-  checksum: 10c0/635df6b05241f73b333b3d7d451d37ec56d7982a8c430afc2e8e8cf7c9e506b499b64d6bba14ccdf79b8afe84452d159516897741aa2fa838194964574da8881
+  checksum: 10c0/549cf594fd9cfddd2f57bd177896c6bde8cc3821f7f07e7573d55d4c5841d7eb90d38c1b888b81479ffe33f0015b848c031ad4185f54feedf8ae2f1e2269e2ce
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
@@ -2500,11 +2500,11 @@ __metadata:
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
-"@docusaurus/faster@npm:^3.10.0":
-  version: 3.10.0
-  resolution: "@docusaurus/faster@npm:3.10.0"
+"@docusaurus/faster@npm:^3.10.1":
+  version: 3.10.1
+  resolution: "@docusaurus/faster@npm:3.10.1"
   dependencies:
-    "@docusaurus/types": "npm:3.10.0"
+    "@docusaurus/types": "npm:3.10.1"
     "@rspack/core": "npm:^1.7.10"
     "@swc/core": "npm:^1.7.39"
     "@swc/html": "npm:^1.13.5"
@@ -2516,17 +2516,17 @@ __metadata:
     webpack: "npm:^5.95.0"
   peerDependencies:
     "@docusaurus/types": "*"
-  checksum: 10c0/9e2b1b19a67443c23eceda80606a0e305a586addf991724b923f7756cfdced1a0d6d64426a1790fa81bbc0032ab56041823fe4a694d2392b0ef4ad85dc4089e8
+  checksum: 10c0/98d8ca36cd4bcd775be37109c8cd3117ff8ba62446ec50b2901bca7653fbbf690ec9aa494524a27c17744a1744a3e520804100aba014e7aa5621ef3df4679359
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
-"@docusaurus/logger@npm:3.10.0":
-  version: 3.10.0
-  resolution: "@docusaurus/logger@npm:3.10.0"
+"@docusaurus/logger@npm:3.10.1":
+  version: 3.10.1
+  resolution: "@docusaurus/logger@npm:3.10.1"
   dependencies:
     chalk: "npm:^4.1.2"
     tslib: "npm:^2.6.0"
-  checksum: 10c0/f9bc2b7037fb7dff8a5aba06807e4f9601e422b91d0bb7e462ecdb33d71e1c9ee3d9dfb5c37af66f6f35c43310e461857af0dda96531928af3c22678fa77ec18
+  checksum: 10c0/c78c676de0cf11ba5737abe8d13ebb67c4fdd8019ac8512ee18b34c27fdd5aaf32b703da3596271592be8615094507754791ac16587a24146f3830e1558a24c3
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
@@ -2540,13 +2540,13 @@ __metadata:
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
-"@docusaurus/mdx-loader@npm:3.10.0":
-  version: 3.10.0
-  resolution: "@docusaurus/mdx-loader@npm:3.10.0"
+"@docusaurus/mdx-loader@npm:3.10.1":
+  version: 3.10.1
+  resolution: "@docusaurus/mdx-loader@npm:3.10.1"
   dependencies:
-    "@docusaurus/logger": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/utils": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/utils-validation": "npm:3.10.0"
+    "@docusaurus/logger": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/utils": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/utils-validation": "npm:3.10.1"
     "@mdx-js/mdx": "npm:^3.0.0"
     "@slorber/remark-comment": "npm:^1.0.0"
     escape-html: "npm:^1.0.3"
@@ -2571,7 +2571,7 @@ __metadata:
   peerDependencies:
     react: ^18.0.0 || ^19.0.0
     react-dom: ^18.0.0 || ^19.0.0
-  checksum: 10c0/0b94f20398a2fd39e54215895d2607d277d0cf3a80728adbbadcbf2443063e8e1082929242ccdc4ebe393c6c4010a5ccdecf6f2a8478d90b20c74d032940d33a
+  checksum: 10c0/2764e3e1a6fc4856746aacd627d43a403cbad87d6ec7400d30092197f36c028207cc5d267e0af2ce34df31f0a68bb2f082bbd5d308d14bedc0d874bc95a89c7b
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
@@ -2610,11 +2610,11 @@ __metadata:
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
-"@docusaurus/module-type-aliases@npm:3.10.0":
-  version: 3.10.0
-  resolution: "@docusaurus/module-type-aliases@npm:3.10.0"
+"@docusaurus/module-type-aliases@npm:3.10.1":
+  version: 3.10.1
+  resolution: "@docusaurus/module-type-aliases@npm:3.10.1"
   dependencies:
-    "@docusaurus/types": "npm:3.10.0"
+    "@docusaurus/types": "npm:3.10.1"
     "@types/history": "npm:^4.7.11"
     "@types/react": "npm:*"
     "@types/react-router-config": "npm:*"
@@ -2624,7 +2624,7 @@ __metadata:
   peerDependencies:
     react: "*"
     react-dom: "*"
-  checksum: 10c0/61952050bef257a0999db849a328655a4141d31b8d4fa4d54828da7ee8f710d7e592081a150c8b9750640bcaf78f3b7ca7165aefbcc0048c328407d582fe21b8
+  checksum: 10c0/837faf66e24b9b0e2d2d276956f00cf5395a752682396013876935b6b0275b573d4cc3e9667a5110f9077c5943ddd1f47b462217a8418a5e6bdd013de8afd918
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
@@ -2646,15 +2646,15 @@ __metadata:
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
-"@docusaurus/plugin-client-redirects@npm:^3.10.0":
-  version: 3.10.0
-  resolution: "@docusaurus/plugin-client-redirects@npm:3.10.0"
+"@docusaurus/plugin-client-redirects@npm:^3.10.1":
+  version: 3.10.1
+  resolution: "@docusaurus/plugin-client-redirects@npm:3.10.1"
   dependencies:
-    "@docusaurus/core": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/logger": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/utils": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/utils-common": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/utils-validation": "npm:3.10.0"
+    "@docusaurus/core": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/logger": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/utils": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/utils-common": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/utils-validation": "npm:3.10.1"
     eta: "npm:^2.2.0"
     fs-extra: "npm:^11.1.1"
     lodash: "npm:^4.17.21"
@@ -2662,22 +2662,22 @@ __metadata:
   peerDependencies:
     react: ^18.0.0 || ^19.0.0
     react-dom: ^18.0.0 || ^19.0.0
-  checksum: 10c0/06dced23c81d0008a9b0856cad74b76d20d93f8191bc6484770f23473e128e46524442f6f7569d2df9d1c745bea6d2c8d18a70834395bc88335b233febb314fe
+  checksum: 10c0/0bcd7387b6ae3132ab76c7715d440bb6b769ab509fa241720a90575b01541eefe3cd47281da812c546db0e31cffc002c4fb8629430fd1191e5d6f27ef2037483
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
-"@docusaurus/plugin-content-blog@npm:3.10.0":
-  version: 3.10.0
-  resolution: "@docusaurus/plugin-content-blog@npm:3.10.0"
-  dependencies:
-    "@docusaurus/core": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/logger": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/mdx-loader": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/theme-common": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/types": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/utils": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/utils-common": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/utils-validation": "npm:3.10.0"
+"@docusaurus/plugin-content-blog@npm:3.10.1":
+  version: 3.10.1
+  resolution: "@docusaurus/plugin-content-blog@npm:3.10.1"
+  dependencies:
+    "@docusaurus/core": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/logger": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/mdx-loader": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/theme-common": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/types": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/utils": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/utils-common": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/utils-validation": "npm:3.10.1"
     cheerio: "npm:1.0.0-rc.12"
     combine-promises: "npm:^1.1.0"
     feed: "npm:^4.2.2"
@@ -2693,23 +2693,23 @@ __metadata:
     "@docusaurus/plugin-content-docs": "*"
     react: ^18.0.0 || ^19.0.0
     react-dom: ^18.0.0 || ^19.0.0
-  checksum: 10c0/80295c4d217c45d2685d71e3e898e4e67715ce3ecf684063927e0f9c771a2156af2aefb813b61ed33d8a14bc0dbc820da9cd745b32fe4ef5baa03091165b3542
+  checksum: 10c0/5c6d912bbcbbc9efa5c81e256f4074e70980c85623f5fd72a344b90bd5f23ed2c03030d8d0cb1ce38bdb2263fdf74ac3e7801a66050184ed11005adc5f49bcb2
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
-"@docusaurus/plugin-content-docs@npm:3.10.0":
-  version: 3.10.0
-  resolution: "@docusaurus/plugin-content-docs@npm:3.10.0"
-  dependencies:
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-  version: 3.10.0
-  resolution: "@docusaurus/theme-mermaid@npm:3.10.0"
+"@docusaurus/theme-mermaid@npm:^3.10.1":
+  version: 3.10.1
+  resolution: "@docusaurus/theme-mermaid@npm:3.10.1"
   dependencies:
-    "@docusaurus/core": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/module-type-aliases": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/theme-common": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/types": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/utils-validation": "npm:3.10.0"
+    "@docusaurus/core": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/module-type-aliases": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/theme-common": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/types": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/utils-validation": "npm:3.10.1"
     mermaid: "npm:>=11.6.0"
     tslib: "npm:^2.6.0"
   peerDependencies:
@@ -3018,23 +3018,23 @@ __metadata:
   peerDependenciesMeta:
     "@mermaid-js/layout-elk":
       optional: true
-  checksum: 10c0/2bf6c0b0c7a7a55f7a89e6af7abef5ce2ca8f2e3c4a5e5be5b99cc9d8043135253dd73a588f008d3a5abf4133a3cc631983153e60fa05236398a7a2bac3f3cf7
+  checksum: 10c0/73839669eb3e69ec565a16853b6a8fa636f3fd94d6656976835a0304bb6e7402b5dcbd7808b8b158bb0f34e61fee1d835511d88f59f48fa613eb51532614992c
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
-"@docusaurus/theme-search-algolia@npm:3.10.0":
-  version: 3.10.0
-  resolution: "@docusaurus/theme-search-algolia@npm:3.10.0"
+"@docusaurus/theme-search-algolia@npm:3.10.1":
+  version: 3.10.1
+  resolution: "@docusaurus/theme-search-algolia@npm:3.10.1"
   dependencies:
     "@algolia/autocomplete-core": "npm:^1.19.2"
     "@docsearch/react": "npm:^3.9.0 || ^4.3.2"
-    "@docusaurus/core": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/logger": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/plugin-content-docs": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/theme-common": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/theme-translations": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/utils": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/utils-validation": "npm:3.10.0"
+    "@docusaurus/core": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/logger": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/plugin-content-docs": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/theme-common": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/theme-translations": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/utils": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/utils-validation": "npm:3.10.1"
     algoliasearch: "npm:^5.37.0"
     algoliasearch-helper: "npm:^3.26.0"
     clsx: "npm:^2.0.0"
@@ -3046,17 +3046,17 @@ __metadata:
   peerDependencies:
     react: ^18.0.0 || ^19.0.0
     react-dom: ^18.0.0 || ^19.0.0
-  checksum: 10c0/63dd5f7e99457a71f0eb7916e18fa421e3194018975a52e8d8bd197abfdf5f19d85348a8a7e0713bccac413e9d5b1cb54b9c69c28a868e0473c1cf0b806f3faa
+  checksum: 10c0/dd558ac0c50f2374b8285f463ec23e1996247f4436cd9147fd313689d02d9113214e0368c64fdc8ca106f10b6ef93589814980ea0121cb3583ca87feae4b19c3
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
-"@docusaurus/theme-translations@npm:3.10.0":
-  version: 3.10.0
-  resolution: "@docusaurus/theme-translations@npm:3.10.0"
+"@docusaurus/theme-translations@npm:3.10.1":
+  version: 3.10.1
+  resolution: "@docusaurus/theme-translations@npm:3.10.1"
   dependencies:
     fs-extra: "npm:^11.1.1"
     tslib: "npm:^2.6.0"
-  checksum: 10c0/62fa157763e2ad4d8c7afea0edebce895f85da5384c48222a1f697932716c550eeda34310d473643d037ae6d41720909174abf409971fcddd0eadb63daafced6
+  checksum: 10c0/2a1c871e883a82c4c5071820dcdc3bbeea5a3571978d022c1d1b820ae8b676ea5dd173b9c17542a032b9a5ec7e06f5d8a3b9de31a1e1f474f527baccfb5f9deb
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
@@ -3070,9 +3070,9 @@ __metadata:
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
-"@docusaurus/types@npm:3.10.0":
-  version: 3.10.0
-  resolution: "@docusaurus/types@npm:3.10.0"
+"@docusaurus/types@npm:3.10.1":
+  version: 3.10.1
+  resolution: "@docusaurus/types@npm:3.10.1"
   dependencies:
     "@mdx-js/mdx": "npm:^3.0.0"
     "@types/history": "npm:^4.7.11"
@@ -3087,7 +3087,7 @@ __metadata:
   peerDependencies:
     react: ^18.0.0 || ^19.0.0
     react-dom: ^18.0.0 || ^19.0.0
-  checksum: 10c0/0d0f5f57bb82f190385a506192d882a5072e833af55a35cb5fb69048bb4258012eebe51448b8ace9d77d05d69a99d7fd2dcae25bb4babfa205abfbca222de8d5
+  checksum: 10c0/63cc1d92ec775fb0e58f156b4edc7075612943a94d15d4648b60effcbc34c70a1092569d66d552878779b48d5111abe2fc154ba6a3bca2af0383550c9f9a015b
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
@@ -3112,13 +3112,13 @@ __metadata:
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
-"@docusaurus/utils-common@npm:3.10.0":
-  version: 3.10.0
-  resolution: "@docusaurus/utils-common@npm:3.10.0"
+"@docusaurus/utils-common@npm:3.10.1":
+  version: 3.10.1
+  resolution: "@docusaurus/utils-common@npm:3.10.1"
   dependencies:
-    "@docusaurus/types": "npm:3.10.0"
+    "@docusaurus/types": "npm:3.10.1"
     tslib: "npm:^2.6.0"
-  checksum: 10c0/12e54b8e29d1d8d78f85598a154fc122f4d93bdd143b55fd7a474c2d9eab431bbf13ac61e008f1c4f34ffce76578fe95b441f6a6469a752d7396f9d9c000f6e4
+  checksum: 10c0/1dde7a5c538a2cbe9eba46c9a3991a773e2d9d5b9c489cb010f9284c33cba7d494c1300557f850fa6a6e857747ca835b91f6036b02a726e13d296d7a65f8d8db
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
@@ -3132,19 +3132,19 @@ __metadata:
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
-"@docusaurus/utils-validation@npm:3.10.0":
-  version: 3.10.0
-  resolution: "@docusaurus/utils-validation@npm:3.10.0"
+"@docusaurus/utils-validation@npm:3.10.1":
+  version: 3.10.1
+  resolution: "@docusaurus/utils-validation@npm:3.10.1"
   dependencies:
-    "@docusaurus/logger": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/utils": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/utils-common": "npm:3.10.0"
+    "@docusaurus/logger": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/utils": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/utils-common": "npm:3.10.1"
     fs-extra: "npm:^11.2.0"
     joi: "npm:^17.9.2"
     js-yaml: "npm:^4.1.0"
     lodash: "npm:^4.17.21"
     tslib: "npm:^2.6.0"
-  checksum: 10c0/ab1aee9c9b236d4c5247f33b245c016a2ef501ef154f5f5392a98e706d448ee60c32746b4c58e4954be24393eee6db06cb3192efa8df00343176c558fca33924
+  checksum: 10c0/6368eb2a879fc1c4a507873689bd0a08257e2bc72a2ba53b3629d633d97d368168720fc504a54f96a0652982fc098f29675076e1fbcaf0244947645131a3d2f9
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
@@ -3164,13 +3164,13 @@ __metadata:
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
-"@docusaurus/utils@npm:3.10.0":
-  version: 3.10.0
-  resolution: "@docusaurus/utils@npm:3.10.0"
+"@docusaurus/utils@npm:3.10.1":
+  version: 3.10.1
+  resolution: "@docusaurus/utils@npm:3.10.1"
   dependencies:
-    "@docusaurus/logger": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/types": "npm:3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/utils-common": "npm:3.10.0"
+    "@docusaurus/logger": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/types": "npm:3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/utils-common": "npm:3.10.1"
     escape-string-regexp: "npm:^4.0.0"
     execa: "npm:^5.1.1"
     file-loader: "npm:^6.2.0"
@@ -3189,7 +3189,7 @@ __metadata:
     url-loader: "npm:^4.1.1"
     utility-types: "npm:^3.10.0"
     webpack: "npm:^5.88.1"
-  checksum: 10c0/0f3488c38fbc985378f93f6573cf080559207ae367b0052df2ad42d667726ec766900db68184ec1746bcf4c38c9a1289d9f54fbd71a857dc592363996295afff
+  checksum: 10c0/97d51da30035ef34eced1dbc937f829309a8165a07a9c66d87c5deec03fb62150cbc70b2763ffdec0286b21f1be53f4011a036e4265cb971a892f0ab12172e0a
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
@@ -5946,6 +5946,13 @@ __metadata:
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
+"ansis@npm:^3.2.0":
+  version: 3.17.0
+  resolution: "ansis@npm:3.17.0"
+  checksum: 10c0/d8fa94ca7bb91e7e5f8a7d323756aa075facce07c5d02ca883673e128b2873d16f93e0dec782f98f1eeb1f2b3b4b7b60dcf0ad98fb442e75054fe857988cc5cb
+  languageName: node
+  linkType: hard
+
 "anymatch@npm:~3.1.2":
   version: 3.1.3
   resolution: "anymatch@npm:3.1.3"
@@ -8829,11 +8836,11 @@ __metadata:
   resolution: "flet-dev@workspace:."
   dependencies:
     "@docsearch/docusaurus-adapter": "npm:^4.6.2"
-    "@docusaurus/core": "npm:^3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/faster": "npm:^3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/plugin-client-redirects": "npm:^3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/preset-classic": "npm:^3.10.0"
-    "@docusaurus/theme-mermaid": "npm:^3.10.0"
+    "@docusaurus/core": "npm:^3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/faster": "npm:^3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/plugin-client-redirects": "npm:^3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/preset-classic": "npm:^3.10.1"
+    "@docusaurus/theme-mermaid": "npm:^3.10.1"
     "@hcaptcha/react-hcaptcha": "npm:^1.0.0"
     "@mdx-js/react": "npm:^3.0.0"
     clsx: "npm:^1.1.1"
@@ -15543,6 +15550,26 @@ __metadata:
   languageName: node
   linkType: hard
 
+"webpackbar@npm:^7.0.0":
+  version: 7.0.0
+  resolution: "webpackbar@npm:7.0.0"
+  dependencies:
+    ansis: "npm:^3.2.0"
+    consola: "npm:^3.2.3"
+    pretty-time: "npm:^1.1.0"
+    std-env: "npm:^3.7.0"
+  peerDependencies:
+    "@rspack/core": "*"
+    webpack: 3 || 4 || 5
+  peerDependenciesMeta:
+    "@rspack/core":
+      optional: true
+    webpack:
+      optional: true
+  checksum: 10c0/03ed85edca12af824319dfcd0fe5c3a90b9e3c86400a604a55589abe0a66a682033e7de027e89aae03652b6fb8ca7fd2831d86829179304ea3121f807808f7c6
+  languageName: node
+  linkType: hard
+
 "websocket-driver@npm:>=0.5.1, websocket-driver@npm:^0.7.4":
   version: 0.7.4
   resolution: "websocket-driver@npm:0.7.4"

From e63a4b48279b43fba4185db1ae5a8b5ba4460149 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Sat, 13 Jun 2026 10:19:46 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 21/60] feat(cli): add 'flet --version --json' and source CI
 version/dep reads from it

Add a --json flag to 'flet --version' that emits a machine-readable
document (Flet/Flutter versions, supported Python/Pyodide table, Linux
build deps). CI workflows and the publish docs now read it via jq instead
of importing Flet internals with 'python -c'.

Move the canonical Linux apt dependency list from flet.utils.linux_deps
(runtime package) to flet_cli.utils.linux_deps (build tooling), where it
sits next to python_versions.py and is a same-package import for the CLI.
---
 .github/workflows/ci.yml                      |  4 +-
 .github/workflows/flet-build-test-matrix.yml  |  2 +-
 .github/workflows/flet-build-test.yml         |  2 +-
 CHANGELOG.md                                  |  1 +
 .../packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/cli.py     | 65 +++++++++++++++++--
 .../src/flet_cli}/utils/linux_deps.py         |  0
 website/docs/publish/index.md                 |  2 +-
 7 files changed, 64 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)
 rename sdk/python/packages/{flet/src/flet => flet-cli/src/flet_cli}/utils/linux_deps.py (100%)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
index 9b58f3d7ba..7c849aac45 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -476,7 +476,7 @@ jobs:
             sed -i.bak '/apt.postgresql.org/s/^/# /' /etc/apt/sources.list
           fi
           apt-get update --allow-releaseinfo-change
-          LINUX_DEPS="$(uv run --project sdk/python/packages/flet python -c 'from flet.utils.linux_deps import linux_dependencies; print(" ".join(linux_dependencies))')"
+          LINUX_DEPS="$(uv run --project sdk/python/packages/flet-cli flet --version --json | jq -r '.linux_dependencies | join(" ")')"
           apt-get install -y $LINUX_DEPS
 
       - name: Build Flutter Linux clients
@@ -579,7 +579,7 @@ jobs:
         shell: bash
         working-directory: ${{ env.SDK_PYTHON }}
         run: |
-          PYODIDE_VERSION="$( uv run python -c 'from flet_cli.utils.python_versions import DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION, get_release; print(get_release(DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION).pyodide)' )"
+          PYODIDE_VERSION="$( uv run flet --version --json | jq -r '.python_versions[] | select(.default) | .pyodide' )"
           echo "PYODIDE_VERSION=$PYODIDE_VERSION" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
           echo "Pyodide version: $PYODIDE_VERSION"
 
diff --git a/.github/workflows/flet-build-test-matrix.yml b/.github/workflows/flet-build-test-matrix.yml
index 415e6d7046..e0c4554306 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/flet-build-test-matrix.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/flet-build-test-matrix.yml
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ jobs:
         shell: bash
         run: |
           sudo apt update --allow-releaseinfo-change
-          LINUX_DEPS="$(uv run --project sdk/python/packages/flet python -c 'from flet.utils.linux_deps import linux_dependencies; print(" ".join(linux_dependencies))')"
+          LINUX_DEPS="$(uv run --project sdk/python/packages/flet-cli flet --version --json | jq -r '.linux_dependencies | join(" ")')"
           sudo apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends $LINUX_DEPS
           sudo apt-get clean
 
diff --git a/.github/workflows/flet-build-test.yml b/.github/workflows/flet-build-test.yml
index 56ee425d24..51c0f13c3c 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/flet-build-test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/flet-build-test.yml
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ jobs:
         shell: bash
         run: |
           sudo apt update --allow-releaseinfo-change
-          LINUX_DEPS="$(uv run --project sdk/python/packages/flet python -c 'from flet.utils.linux_deps import linux_dependencies; print(" ".join(linux_dependencies))')"
+          LINUX_DEPS="$(uv run --project sdk/python/packages/flet-cli flet --version --json | jq -r '.linux_dependencies | join(" ")')"
           sudo apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends $LINUX_DEPS
           sudo apt-get clean
 
diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 2672eeb9fd..41751d0ef4 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 
 * Pyodide is no longer pre-baked into the `flet build` template. Each `flet build web` / `flet publish` run downloads the matching `pyodide-core-<version>.tar.bz2` (plus the runtime `micropip` and `packaging` wheels) into a per-version cache at `~/.flet/pyodide/<version>/` and copies the files into the build output. Subsequent builds reuse the cache; the older `0.27.5` bundle previously shipped in the cookiecutter template is gone ([#6577](https://github.com/flet-dev/flet/pull/6577)) by @FeodorFitsner.
 * `flet --version` now lists the supported Python versions newest first, each with its matching Pyodide release and a `default` / `pre-release` annotation where applicable, instead of the single static `Pyodide: …` line. The global `flet.version.pyodide_version` export is removed (the only external consumer was the CLI version output, now updated) ([#6577](https://github.com/flet-dev/flet/pull/6577)) by @FeodorFitsner.
+* `flet --version --json` emits a machine-readable version document — Flet/Flutter versions, the full supported Python/Pyodide table, and the Linux build dependencies — so CI workflows and the publish docs read it via `jq` instead of importing Flet internals with `python -c`. The canonical Linux apt dependency list moved from `flet.utils.linux_deps` (runtime package) to `flet_cli.utils.linux_deps` (build tooling) by @FeodorFitsner.
 * `client/web/python.js` and the build template's `python.js` no longer hardcode `defaultPyodideUrl`. `patch_index.py` now injects `flet.pyodideUrl` per build (CDN URL by default, or the local `pyodide/pyodide.js` path under `--no-cdn`) so the runtime URL always tracks the resolved Pyodide release ([#6577](https://github.com/flet-dev/flet/pull/6577)) by @FeodorFitsner.
 * Stream-oriented Flet protocol transports (UDS / TCP used by `flet run` dev mode) now use length-prefixed framing instead of streaming `msgpack.Unpacker.feed`. Combined with a new 1-byte type discriminator at the head of every packet (`0x00` = MsgPack control frame, `0x01` = raw DataChannel frame), this unifies framing across all transports (sockets, WebSocket, `dart_bridge` FFI, Pyodide `postMessage`). `StreamingMsgpackDeserializer` is removed from `package:flet`; each inbound packet is one complete MsgPack value, decoded one-shot via `msgpack.deserialize(bytes)` by @FeodorFitsner.
 
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/cli.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/cli.py
index 6c9f6e355b..6a0d68ccb3 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/cli.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/cli.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import argparse
+import json
 import sys
 
 from packaging.version import Version
@@ -14,6 +15,7 @@
 import flet_cli.commands.publish
 import flet_cli.commands.run
 import flet_cli.commands.serve
+from flet_cli.utils.linux_deps import linux_dependencies
 from flet_cli.utils.python_versions import (
     DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION,
     SUPPORTED_PYTHON_VERSIONS,
@@ -39,6 +41,49 @@ def _supported_python_versions_block() -> str:
     return "\n".join(lines)
 
 
+def _version_info() -> dict:
+    """Build the machine-readable `flet --version --json` document.
+
+    This is the single source CI reads (via `jq`) for Flet/Flutter versions,
+    the supported Python/Pyodide table, and the Linux build dependencies —
+    avoiding `python -c 'import flet...'` calls that couple workflows to
+    internal module paths.
+    """
+    sorted_versions = sorted(
+        SUPPORTED_PYTHON_VERSIONS,
+        key=lambda r: Version(r.short),
+        reverse=True,
+    )
+    return {
+        "flet": flet.version.flet_version,
+        "flutter": flet.version.flutter_version,
+        "default_python_version": DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION,
+        "python_versions": [
+            {
+                "short": r.short,
+                "standalone": r.standalone,
+                "pyodide": r.pyodide,
+                "pyodide_platform_tag": r.pyodide_platform_tag,
+                "prerelease": r.prerelease,
+                "default": r.short == DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION,
+            }
+            for r in sorted_versions
+        ],
+        "linux_dependencies": list(linux_dependencies),
+    }
+
+
+def _render_version(as_json: bool) -> str:
+    """Render `flet --version` output as JSON or the human-readable text block."""
+    if as_json:
+        return json.dumps(_version_info(), indent=2)
+    return (
+        f"Flet: {flet.version.flet_version}\n"
+        f"Flutter: {flet.version.flutter_version}\n"
+        f"{_supported_python_versions_block()}"
+    )
+
+
 # Source https://stackoverflow.com/a/26379693
 def set_default_subparser(
     parser: argparse.ArgumentParser, name: str, args: list = None, index: int = 0
@@ -93,16 +138,17 @@ def get_parser() -> argparse.ArgumentParser:
         formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter
     )
 
-    # add version flag
+    # add version flags
     parser.add_argument(
         "--version",
         "-V",
-        action="version",
-        version=(
-            f"Flet: {flet.version.flet_version}\n"
-            f"Flutter: {flet.version.flutter_version}\n"
-            f"{_supported_python_versions_block()}"
-        ),
+        action="store_true",
+        help="show version information and exit",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--json",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="with --version, output version information as JSON",
     )
 
     sp = parser.add_subparsers(dest="command")
@@ -136,6 +182,11 @@ def main():
     # parse arguments
     args = parser.parse_args()
 
+    # handle `flet --version [--json]` (no subcommand/handler is set)
+    if getattr(args, "version", False):
+        print(_render_version(args.json))
+        sys.exit(0)
+
     # execute command
     args.handler(args)
 
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/utils/linux_deps.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/utils/linux_deps.py
similarity index 100%
rename from sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/utils/linux_deps.py
rename to sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/utils/linux_deps.py
diff --git a/website/docs/publish/index.md b/website/docs/publish/index.md
index 5d8cf6e3ac..4a512776b4 100644
--- a/website/docs/publish/index.md
+++ b/website/docs/publish/index.md
@@ -1535,7 +1535,7 @@ jobs:
         shell: bash
         run: |
             sudo apt update --allow-releaseinfo-change
-            LINUX_DEPS="$(uv run python -c 'from flet.utils.linux_deps import linux_dependencies; print(" ".join(linux_dependencies))')"
+            LINUX_DEPS="$(uv run flet --version --json | jq -r '.linux_dependencies | join(" ")')"
             sudo apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends $LINUX_DEPS
             sudo apt-get clean
 

From fa0a27b92102a23a5fd0ef5158af886d93f9ac96 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Sat, 13 Jun 2026 10:22:25 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 22/60] ci: pin Windows runners to windows-2025-vs2026

GitHub is redirecting windows-latest to windows-2025-vs2026 by June 15,
2026. Pin the label explicitly in the Flet Build Test and Build & Publish
workflows to silence the redirect notice and make the image deterministic.
---
 .github/workflows/ci.yml                     | 2 +-
 .github/workflows/flet-build-test-matrix.yml | 8 ++++----
 .github/workflows/flet-build-test.yml        | 2 +-
 3 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
index 7c849aac45..a0e43b27a5 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ jobs:
   # =============================
   build_windows:
     name: Build Flet Client for Windows
-    runs-on: windows-latest
+    runs-on: windows-2025-vs2026
     needs:
       - python_tests
       - build_flet_package
diff --git a/.github/workflows/flet-build-test-matrix.yml b/.github/workflows/flet-build-test-matrix.yml
index e0c4554306..29d3b187e8 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/flet-build-test-matrix.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/flet-build-test-matrix.yml
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ jobs:
             needs_linux_deps: false
 
           - name: windows
-            runner: windows-latest
+            runner: windows-2025-vs2026
             build_cmd: "flet build windows"
             artifact_name: windows-build-artifact
             artifact_path: build/windows
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ jobs:
             needs_linux_deps: false
 
           - name: aab-windows
-            runner: windows-latest
+            runner: windows-2025-vs2026
             build_cmd: "flet build aab"
             artifact_name: aab-build-windows-artifact
             artifact_path: build/aab
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ jobs:
             needs_linux_deps: false
 
           - name: apk-windows
-            runner: windows-latest
+            runner: windows-2025-vs2026
             build_cmd: "flet build apk"
             artifact_name: apk-build-windows-artifact
             artifact_path: build/apk
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ jobs:
             needs_linux_deps: false
 
           - name: web-windows
-            runner: windows-latest
+            runner: windows-2025-vs2026
             build_cmd: "flet build web"
             artifact_name: web-build-windows-artifact
             artifact_path: build/web
diff --git a/.github/workflows/flet-build-test.yml b/.github/workflows/flet-build-test.yml
index 51c0f13c3c..2c459bc24d 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/flet-build-test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/flet-build-test.yml
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ jobs:
             runner: macos-26
 
           - name: windows
-            runner: windows-latest
+            runner: windows-2025-vs2026
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository

From f738809348606dc3b5071ebabf540d1f034d2d75 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Sat, 13 Jun 2026 10:30:53 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 23/60] Allow flutter_secure_storage updates (^10.0.0)

Update pubspec.yaml dependency for flutter_secure_storage from fixed 10.0.0 to caret ^10.0.0, allowing compatible minor/patch updates instead of pinning to a single patch version. This lets the package accept backwards-compatible releases without manual changes. Fix #6586
---
 .../src/flutter/flet_secure_storage/pubspec.yaml                | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet-secure-storage/src/flutter/flet_secure_storage/pubspec.yaml b/sdk/python/packages/flet-secure-storage/src/flutter/flet_secure_storage/pubspec.yaml
index eb1322748e..55c3901355 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet-secure-storage/src/flutter/flet_secure_storage/pubspec.yaml
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet-secure-storage/src/flutter/flet_secure_storage/pubspec.yaml
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ dependencies:
   flutter:
     sdk: flutter
 
-  flutter_secure_storage: 10.0.0
+  flutter_secure_storage: ^10.0.0
 
   flet:
     path: ../../../../../../../packages/flet

From 394e19e226bb76c34c2cabc4173b46be70e3a4a9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Sun, 14 Jun 2026 16:29:56 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 24/60] Resolve Python/Pyodide versions from python-build's
 manifest
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

Drop flet's hand-mirrored SUPPORTED_PYTHON_VERSIONS table and load the
supported Python/Pyodide/dart_bridge set from python-build's date-keyed
manifest.json — the single source of truth shared with serious_python.

- python_versions.py: pin one PYTHON_BUILD_RELEASE_DATE; fetch that release's
  manifest.json (cached immutably under ~/.flet/cache/python-build, offline
  fallback to cache) and parse it lazily. Module constants become
  get_supported_python_versions()/get_default_python_version(); resolution
  logic unchanged. Dev/CI overrides: FLET_PYTHON_BUILD_RELEASE_DATE,
  FLET_PYTHON_BUILD_MANIFEST.
- flet build: pass only SERIOUS_PYTHON_VERSION; serious_python derives the full
  version, build date, and dart_bridge version from its committed snapshot.
  Drops the SERIOUS_PYTHON_FULL_VERSION/SERIOUS_PYTHON_BUILD_DATE exports.
- flet --version: drop the Python/Pyodide matrix (stays offline); --json keeps
  flet/flutter/linux_dependencies.
- ci.yml: read the default Pyodide version via the manifest-backed resolver
  instead of jq over `flet --version --json`.
- Docs: update the removed-pyodide-version-export guide + CHANGELOG to the new
  accessors; document the pin in CONTRIBUTING.
- Add offline tests driven by FLET_PYTHON_BUILD_MANIFEST.
---
 .github/workflows/ci.yml                      |   2 +-
 CHANGELOG.md                                  |   2 +-
 CONTRIBUTING.md                               |   1 +
 .../packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/cli.py     |  55 +-----
 .../src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py       |   9 +-
 .../src/flet_cli/utils/python_versions.py     | 162 +++++++++++-------
 .../flet-cli/tests/test_python_versions.py    | 107 ++++++++++++
 .../removed-pyodide-version-export.md         |  18 +-
 8 files changed, 230 insertions(+), 126 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/tests/test_python_versions.py

diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
index a0e43b27a5..7df924bd7b 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -579,7 +579,7 @@ jobs:
         shell: bash
         working-directory: ${{ env.SDK_PYTHON }}
         run: |
-          PYODIDE_VERSION="$( uv run flet --version --json | jq -r '.python_versions[] | select(.default) | .pyodide' )"
+          PYODIDE_VERSION="$( uv run python -c "from flet_cli.utils.python_versions import resolve_python_version; print(resolve_python_version(None).pyodide)" )"
           echo "PYODIDE_VERSION=$PYODIDE_VERSION" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
           echo "Pyodide version: $PYODIDE_VERSION"
 
diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 41751d0ef4..2a0c40bd6f 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 ### Breaking changes
 
 * `flet build` and `flet publish` now bundle CPython 3.14 by default (previously 3.12, implicit via the old single-version `serious_python`). Existing apps that depend on native wheels without 3.14 binaries should pin explicitly with `--python-version 3.12` (CLI), `requires-python = ">=3.12,<3.13"` (pyproject), or `SERIOUS_PYTHON_VERSION=3.12` in the build environment ([#6577](https://github.com/flet-dev/flet/pull/6577)) by @FeodorFitsner.
-* The `flet.version.pyodide_version` module attribute and the `PYODIDE_VERSION` constant are removed. Reach for `flet_cli.utils.python_versions.SUPPORTED_PYTHON_VERSIONS` if you need the per-version Pyodide mapping programmatically ([#6577](https://github.com/flet-dev/flet/pull/6577)) by @FeodorFitsner.
+* The `flet.version.pyodide_version` module attribute and the `PYODIDE_VERSION` constant are removed. Call `flet_cli.utils.python_versions.get_supported_python_versions()` if you need the per-version Pyodide mapping programmatically ([#6577](https://github.com/flet-dev/flet/pull/6577)) by @FeodorFitsner.
 * Flet protocol wire format on stream-oriented transports (UDS / TCP) is incompatible with pre-0.86 servers and clients. Every packet now starts with a 4-byte little-endian length prefix and a 1-byte type discriminator (`0x00` = MsgPack control frame, `0x01` = raw DataChannel frame). WebSocket / `postMessage` / `dart_bridge` transports keep native message boundaries and only gain the type byte. The Flet CLI dev server and the in-process Python runtime are upgraded in lockstep — running `flet run` with mismatched `flet` versions across CLI and runtime is no longer supported. See the [DataChannel protocol framing upgrade](/docs/updates/breaking-changes/data-channel-protocol-upgrade) guide. The `MatplotlibChartCanvas` widget transports its full / diff / clear frames via a `DataChannel` rather than `_invoke_method` arguments — visually identical, but custom code that subclassed it and overrode the apply methods may need updating by @FeodorFitsner.
 
 ### Bug fixes
diff --git a/CONTRIBUTING.md b/CONTRIBUTING.md
index 60f68e536e..fd2ad45cd3 100644
--- a/CONTRIBUTING.md
+++ b/CONTRIBUTING.md
@@ -259,6 +259,7 @@ For patches to the current stable release, branch directly from `main`, fix, ope
 * Ensure every merged PR on `release/v{version}` added a new record to the active root `CHANGELOG.md` section.
 * Open terminal in `client` directory and run `flutter pub get` to update Flet dependency versions in `client/pubspec.lock`.
 * Templates are in `sdk/python/templates/` and automatically packaged as zip artifacts with the GitHub Release. No manual branch creation in external repos is needed.
+* The supported Python / Pyodide versions are loaded on demand from [python-build's](https://github.com/flet-dev/python-build) date-keyed `manifest.json`; flet pins one release via `PYTHON_BUILD_RELEASE_DATE` in `sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/utils/python_versions.py`. When bumping it, keep it aligned with serious_python's `pythonReleaseDate` (both should track the same python-build release).
 
 ## New macOS environment for Flet developer
 
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/cli.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/cli.py
index 6a0d68ccb3..565dd1cdd2 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/cli.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/cli.py
@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@
 import json
 import sys
 
-from packaging.version import Version
-
 import flet.version
 import flet_cli.commands.build
 import flet_cli.commands.create
@@ -16,59 +14,18 @@
 import flet_cli.commands.run
 import flet_cli.commands.serve
 from flet_cli.utils.linux_deps import linux_dependencies
-from flet_cli.utils.python_versions import (
-    DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION,
-    SUPPORTED_PYTHON_VERSIONS,
-)
-
-
-def _supported_python_versions_block() -> str:
-    """Render the multi-line `flet --version` listing of supported Python releases."""
-    lines = ["Supported Python versions:"]
-    sorted_versions = sorted(
-        SUPPORTED_PYTHON_VERSIONS,
-        key=lambda r: Version(r.short),
-        reverse=True,
-    )
-    for r in sorted_versions:
-        suffix = []
-        if r.prerelease:
-            suffix.append("pre-release")
-        if r.short == DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION:
-            suffix.append("default")
-        tail = f", {', '.join(suffix)}" if suffix else ""
-        lines.append(f"  {r.short} (Pyodide {r.pyodide}{tail})")
-    return "\n".join(lines)
 
 
 def _version_info() -> dict:
     """Build the machine-readable `flet --version --json` document.
 
-    This is the single source CI reads (via `jq`) for Flet/Flutter versions,
-    the supported Python/Pyodide table, and the Linux build dependencies —
-    avoiding `python -c 'import flet...'` calls that couple workflows to
-    internal module paths.
+    Exposes Flet/Flutter versions and the Linux build dependencies. The
+    supported Python/Pyodide set is no longer surfaced here — it now comes from
+    python-build's manifest (see `flet_cli.utils.python_versions`).
     """
-    sorted_versions = sorted(
-        SUPPORTED_PYTHON_VERSIONS,
-        key=lambda r: Version(r.short),
-        reverse=True,
-    )
     return {
         "flet": flet.version.flet_version,
         "flutter": flet.version.flutter_version,
-        "default_python_version": DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION,
-        "python_versions": [
-            {
-                "short": r.short,
-                "standalone": r.standalone,
-                "pyodide": r.pyodide,
-                "pyodide_platform_tag": r.pyodide_platform_tag,
-                "prerelease": r.prerelease,
-                "default": r.short == DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION,
-            }
-            for r in sorted_versions
-        ],
         "linux_dependencies": list(linux_dependencies),
     }
 
@@ -77,11 +34,7 @@ def _render_version(as_json: bool) -> str:
     """Render `flet --version` output as JSON or the human-readable text block."""
     if as_json:
         return json.dumps(_version_info(), indent=2)
-    return (
-        f"Flet: {flet.version.flet_version}\n"
-        f"Flutter: {flet.version.flutter_version}\n"
-        f"{_supported_python_versions_block()}"
-    )
+    return f"Flet: {flet.version.flet_version}\nFlutter: {flet.version.flutter_version}"
 
 
 # Source https://stackoverflow.com/a/26379693
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py
index 964e4b0dd4..b1e57a52a9 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py
@@ -1912,10 +1912,11 @@ def package_python_app(self):
                 ["--arch"] + self.template_data["options"]["target_arch"]
             )
 
+        # Only the short version is passed; serious_python derives the full
+        # version, python-build date, and dart_bridge version from its own
+        # committed snapshot of the manifest.
         package_env = {
             "SERIOUS_PYTHON_VERSION": self.python_release.short,
-            "SERIOUS_PYTHON_FULL_VERSION": self.python_release.standalone,
-            "SERIOUS_PYTHON_BUILD_DATE": self.python_release.python_build_date,
         }
 
         # requirements
@@ -2203,10 +2204,10 @@ def _run_flutter_command(self):
             ]
         )
 
+        # Only the short version is passed; serious_python derives the rest
+        # from its committed manifest snapshot.
         build_env = {
             "SERIOUS_PYTHON_VERSION": self.python_release.short,
-            "SERIOUS_PYTHON_FULL_VERSION": self.python_release.standalone,
-            "SERIOUS_PYTHON_BUILD_DATE": self.python_release.python_build_date,
         }
 
         # site-packages variable
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/utils/python_versions.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/utils/python_versions.py
index 8f3065d56e..dea7821f1a 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/utils/python_versions.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/utils/python_versions.py
@@ -1,29 +1,48 @@
 """Supported Python versions for `flet build` / `flet publish`.
 
-This module is the single source of truth on the Python side for which
-Python releases the Flet toolchain can bundle, and the matching
-CPython-standalone + Pyodide artifacts. Mirror any change here in
-serious_python's `_pythonReleases` map (bin/package_command.dart).
+The set of bundlable Python releases — and the matching CPython-standalone +
+Pyodide artifacts — is defined by python-build's date-keyed ``manifest.json``,
+the single source of truth shared with serious_python. This module pins one
+python-build release date and fetches that release's manifest (cached under
+``~/.flet/cache``, immutable per date), so nothing here is hand-mirrored.
+
+Pin (``PYTHON_BUILD_RELEASE_DATE``) overrides, for dev/CI:
+* ``FLET_PYTHON_BUILD_RELEASE_DATE`` — use a different published release date.
+* ``FLET_PYTHON_BUILD_MANIFEST`` — read a local ``manifest.json`` instead of
+  fetching (mirrors serious_python's ``gen_version_tables --manifest``).
 """
 
+import json
+import os
+import shutil
+import urllib.request
 from dataclasses import dataclass
+from functools import lru_cache
 from typing import Callable, Optional
 
 from packaging.specifiers import SpecifierSet
 from packaging.version import Version
 
+from flet_cli.utils.template_cache import get_cache_root
+
+# python-build release this flet pins. Keep in sync with serious_python's
+# `pythonReleaseDate` (lib/src/python_versions.dart) — both should track the
+# same python-build release.
+PYTHON_BUILD_RELEASE_DATE = "20260614"
+
+RELEASE_DATE_ENV = "FLET_PYTHON_BUILD_RELEASE_DATE"
+MANIFEST_PATH_ENV = "FLET_PYTHON_BUILD_MANIFEST"
+
+_MANIFEST_URL = (
+    "https://github.com/flet-dev/python-build/releases/download/{date}/manifest.json"
+)
+
 
 @dataclass(frozen=True)
 class PythonRelease:
     short: str
     standalone: str
-    standalone_date: str
-    # Release date tag of the matching `flet-dev/python-build` release
-    # (e.g. "20260611"). Combined with `standalone` to construct the
-    # platform-plugin download URLs.
-    python_build_date: str
     pyodide: str
-    pyodide_platform_tag: str
     # When True, this release is supported via `--python-version` (and an
     # explicit `requires-python = "==X.Y.*"` specifier) but is not picked
     # automatically by the default or by open-ended `requires-python`
@@ -31,61 +50,82 @@ class PythonRelease:
     prerelease: bool
 
 
-SUPPORTED_PYTHON_VERSIONS: list[PythonRelease] = [
-    PythonRelease(
-        short="3.12",
-        standalone="3.12.13",
-        standalone_date="20260610",
-        python_build_date="20260611",
-        pyodide="0.27.7",
-        pyodide_platform_tag="pyodide-2024.0-wasm32",
-        prerelease=False,
-    ),
-    PythonRelease(
-        short="3.13",
-        standalone="3.13.14",
-        standalone_date="20260610",
-        python_build_date="20260611",
-        pyodide="0.29.4",
-        pyodide_platform_tag="pyemscripten-2025.0-wasm32",
-        prerelease=False,
-    ),
-    PythonRelease(
-        short="3.14",
-        standalone="3.14.6",
-        standalone_date="20260610",
-        python_build_date="20260611",
-        pyodide="314.0.0",
-        pyodide_platform_tag="pyemscripten-2026.0-wasm32",
-        prerelease=False,
-    ),
-    # Add future pre-release CPython lines with `prerelease=True`. They are
-    # opt-in via `--python-version 3.15` or an explicit
-    # `requires-python = "==3.15.*"`; never the auto-resolved default.
-    #
-    # PythonRelease(
-    #     short="3.15",
-    #     standalone="3.15.0",
-    #     standalone_date="...",
-    #     python_build_date="...",
-    #     pyodide="...",
-    #     pyodide_platform_tag="...",
-    #     prerelease=True,
-    # ),
-]
-
-DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION = "3.14"
+def _resolve_release_date() -> str:
+    return os.environ.get(RELEASE_DATE_ENV) or PYTHON_BUILD_RELEASE_DATE
+
+
+def _load_manifest() -> dict:
+    """Return the python-build manifest as a dict.
+
+    Reads ``$FLET_PYTHON_BUILD_MANIFEST`` if set; otherwise fetches the pinned
+    release's ``manifest.json`` (cached immutably under
+    ``~/.flet/cache/python-build``). Falls back to a present cache when the
+    network is unavailable; raises with an actionable message if neither the
+    network nor a cache can supply it.
+    """
+    local = os.environ.get(MANIFEST_PATH_ENV)
+    if local:
+        with open(local, encoding="utf-8") as f:
+            return json.load(f)
+
+    date = _resolve_release_date()
+    url = _MANIFEST_URL.format(date=date)
+    cache_path = get_cache_root() / "python-build" / f"manifest-{date}.json"
+
+    if not (cache_path.exists() and cache_path.stat().st_size > 0):
+        cache_path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+        tmp_path = cache_path.with_suffix(cache_path.suffix + ".tmp")
+        try:
+            with urllib.request.urlopen(url) as resp, open(tmp_path, "wb") as out:
+                shutil.copyfileobj(resp, out)
+                out.flush()
+                os.fsync(out.fileno())
+            os.replace(tmp_path, cache_path)
+        except BaseException as e:
+            tmp_path.unlink(missing_ok=True)
+            if not (cache_path.exists() and cache_path.stat().st_size > 0):
+                raise RuntimeError(
+                    f"Could not obtain the Python build manifest for release "
+                    f"{date} from {url}: {e}. Check your network connection, or "
+                    f"set ${MANIFEST_PATH_ENV} to a local manifest.json."
+                ) from e
+
+    with cache_path.open(encoding="utf-8") as f:
+        return json.load(f)
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=1)
+def _load_data() -> tuple[tuple[PythonRelease, ...], str]:
+    manifest = _load_manifest()
+    releases = tuple(
+        PythonRelease(
+            short=short,
+            standalone=info["full_version"],
+            pyodide=info["pyodide_version"],
+            prerelease=bool(info.get("prerelease", False)),
+        )
+        for short, info in manifest["pythons"].items()
+    )
+    return releases, manifest["default_python_version"]
+
+
+def get_supported_python_versions() -> list[PythonRelease]:
+    return list(_load_data()[0])
+
+
+def get_default_python_version() -> str:
+    return _load_data()[1]
 
 
 def get_release(short: str) -> Optional[PythonRelease]:
-    for r in SUPPORTED_PYTHON_VERSIONS:
+    for r in get_supported_python_versions():
         if r.short == short:
             return r
     return None
 
 
 def supported_short_versions() -> list[str]:
-    return [r.short for r in SUPPORTED_PYTHON_VERSIONS]
+    return [r.short for r in get_supported_python_versions()]
 
 
 class UnsupportedPythonVersionError(ValueError):
@@ -100,12 +140,14 @@ def resolve_python_version(
 
     Priority: `--python-version` CLI arg → `[project].requires-python` (parsed
     as a PEP 440 SpecifierSet, highest matching supported short version wins) →
-    `DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION`.
+    the manifest's default.
 
     Raises `UnsupportedPythonVersionError` if the CLI arg names an unsupported
     version, or if `requires-python` excludes every supported version.
     """
 
+    supported = get_supported_python_versions()
+
     if cli_arg:
         release = get_release(cli_arg)
         if release is None:
@@ -130,7 +172,7 @@ def resolve_python_version(
                 # `>=3.14` never silently jumps to a beta CPython line.
                 stable_matching = [
                     r
-                    for r in SUPPORTED_PYTHON_VERSIONS
+                    for r in supported
                     if not r.prerelease and Version(r.standalone) in spec
                 ]
                 if stable_matching:
@@ -147,7 +189,7 @@ def resolve_python_version(
                 spec_with_pre = SpecifierSet(requires, prereleases=True)
                 prerelease_matching = [
                     r
-                    for r in SUPPORTED_PYTHON_VERSIONS
+                    for r in supported
                     if r.prerelease and Version(r.short) in spec_with_pre
                 ]
                 if prerelease_matching:
@@ -162,6 +204,6 @@ def resolve_python_version(
                     f"({', '.join(supported_short_versions())})."
                 )
 
-    fallback = get_release(DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION)
+    fallback = get_release(get_default_python_version())
     assert fallback is not None
     return fallback
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/tests/test_python_versions.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/tests/test_python_versions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0b86d81a33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/tests/test_python_versions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+"""Tests for manifest-backed Python version resolution.
+
+These run fully offline: `FLET_PYTHON_BUILD_MANIFEST` points the loader at a
+local fixture manifest instead of fetching python-build's release asset.
+"""
+
+import json
+
+import pytest
+
+from flet_cli.utils import python_versions as pv
+
+_FIXTURE_MANIFEST = {
+    "release": "20260614",
+    "default_python_version": "3.14",
+    "dart_bridge_version": "1.2.3",
+    "pythons": {
+        "3.12": {
+            "full_version": "3.12.13",
+            "pyodide_version": "0.27.7",
+            "prerelease": False,
+        },
+        "3.13": {
+            "full_version": "3.13.14",
+            "pyodide_version": "0.29.4",
+            "prerelease": False,
+        },
+        "3.14": {
+            "full_version": "3.14.6",
+            "pyodide_version": "314.0.0",
+            "prerelease": False,
+        },
+        # A pre-release line: opt-in only, never auto-resolved.
+        "3.15": {
+            "full_version": "3.15.0a1",
+            "pyodide_version": "315.0.0",
+            "prerelease": True,
+        },
+    },
+}
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def fixture_manifest(tmp_path, monkeypatch):
+    manifest_path = tmp_path / "manifest.json"
+    manifest_path.write_text(json.dumps(_FIXTURE_MANIFEST), encoding="utf-8")
+    monkeypatch.setenv(pv.MANIFEST_PATH_ENV, str(manifest_path))
+    pv._load_data.cache_clear()
+    yield
+    pv._load_data.cache_clear()
+
+
+def test_default_and_supported_versions():
+    assert pv.get_default_python_version() == "3.14"
+    assert pv.supported_short_versions() == ["3.12", "3.13", "3.14", "3.15"]
+
+
+def test_release_fields_mapped_from_manifest():
+    r = pv.get_release("3.14")
+    assert r is not None
+    assert (r.short, r.standalone, r.pyodide, r.prerelease) == (
+        "3.14",
+        "3.14.6",
+        "314.0.0",
+        False,
+    )
+    assert pv.get_release("3.99") is None
+
+
+def test_resolve_default_when_no_arg():
+    assert pv.resolve_python_version(None).short == "3.14"
+
+
+def test_resolve_explicit_cli_arg():
+    assert pv.resolve_python_version("3.12").short == "3.12"
+
+
+def test_resolve_unsupported_cli_arg_raises():
+    with pytest.raises(pv.UnsupportedPythonVersionError):
+        pv.resolve_python_version("3.99")
+
+
+def test_resolve_from_requires_python_picks_highest_stable():
+    get_pyproject = lambda key: ">=3.13"  # noqa: E731
+    assert pv.resolve_python_version(None, get_pyproject).short == "3.14"
+
+
+def test_resolve_from_requires_python_exact():
+    get_pyproject = lambda key: "==3.12.*"  # noqa: E731
+    assert pv.resolve_python_version(None, get_pyproject).short == "3.12"
+
+
+def test_requires_python_skips_prerelease_for_open_specifier():
+    # `>=3.14` must not silently jump to the 3.15 pre-release line.
+    get_pyproject = lambda key: ">=3.14"  # noqa: E731
+    assert pv.resolve_python_version(None, get_pyproject).short == "3.14"
+
+
+def test_requires_python_opts_into_prerelease_explicitly():
+    get_pyproject = lambda key: "==3.15.*"  # noqa: E731
+    assert pv.resolve_python_version(None, get_pyproject).short == "3.15"
+
+
+def test_requires_python_no_match_raises():
+    get_pyproject = lambda key: ">=3.99"  # noqa: E731
+    with pytest.raises(pv.UnsupportedPythonVersionError):
+        pv.resolve_python_version(None, get_pyproject)
diff --git a/website/docs/updates/breaking-changes/removed-pyodide-version-export.md b/website/docs/updates/breaking-changes/removed-pyodide-version-export.md
index ba65634155..ec6e96f870 100644
--- a/website/docs/updates/breaking-changes/removed-pyodide-version-export.md
+++ b/website/docs/updates/breaking-changes/removed-pyodide-version-export.md
@@ -26,11 +26,11 @@ Earlier Flet releases used a single Pyodide pin in `flet.version` to drive the
 web` would bundle. With
 [multi-version Python support](/docs/publish#choosing-a-python-version) the
 mapping is now Python-version-aware (`3.12 → 0.27.7`, `3.13 → 0.29.4`,
-`3.14 → 314.0.0`) and lives in
-[`flet_cli/utils/python_versions.py`](https://github.com/flet-dev/flet/blob/main/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/utils/python_versions.py).
-
-`flet --version` now lists every supported Python version with its matching
-Pyodide release, newest first.
+`3.14 → 314.0.0`). It is loaded on demand from
+[python-build's date-keyed `manifest.json`](https://github.com/flet-dev/python-build)
+— the single source of truth shared with serious_python — via
+[`flet_cli/utils/python_versions.py`](https://github.com/flet-dev/flet/blob/main/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/utils/python_versions.py),
+so it is no longer hand-maintained.
 
 ## Migration guide
 
@@ -48,9 +48,9 @@ print(f"Bundled Pyodide: {flet.version.pyodide_version}")
 Code after migration:
 
 ```python
-from flet_cli.utils.python_versions import SUPPORTED_PYTHON_VERSIONS
+from flet_cli.utils.python_versions import get_supported_python_versions
 
-for release in SUPPORTED_PYTHON_VERSIONS:
+for release in get_supported_python_versions():
     print(f"  {release.short} → Pyodide {release.pyodide}")
 ```
 
@@ -59,11 +59,11 @@ the Python release the same way the CLI does:
 
 ```python
 from flet_cli.utils.python_versions import (
-    DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION,
+    get_default_python_version,
     get_release,
 )
 
-release = get_release(DEFAULT_PYTHON_VERSION)
+release = get_release(get_default_python_version())
 print(f"Default Pyodide: {release.pyodide}")
 ```
 

From ea7cf3d5a3a7cad2ca0eb1d1bbf6bd9503c3e448 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Sun, 14 Jun 2026 16:29:57 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 25/60] Pin screen_brightness_macos to 2.1.2 (SPM macOS
 deployment-target regression)
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

screen_brightness_macos 2.1.3 ("Fix: swift package manager warning") ships a
Package.swift declaring macOS 10.11, below FlutterFramework's 10.15 SPM floor,
so `flutter build macos` fails to resolve with Swift Package Manager enabled.
Pinning the app-facing screen_brightness alone doesn't help — the federated
macOS implementation is separately versioned. Override the impl to the last
good 2.1.2 in both the build template and the client app.

Upstream: https://github.com/aaassseee/screen_brightness/issues/99
---
 client/pubspec.lock                                  | 12 ++++++------
 client/pubspec.yaml                                  |  7 +++++++
 .../build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml      |  6 ++++++
 3 files changed, 19 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/client/pubspec.lock b/client/pubspec.lock
index 8028a32cb3..30b9cf07bc 100644
--- a/client/pubspec.lock
+++ b/client/pubspec.lock
@@ -1364,7 +1364,7 @@ packages:
     source: hosted
     version: "2.0.3"
   screen_brightness:
-    dependency: transitive
+    dependency: "direct overridden"
     description:
       name: screen_brightness
       sha256: "5f70754028f169f059fdc61112a19dcbee152f8b293c42c848317854d650cba3"
@@ -1388,13 +1388,13 @@ packages:
     source: hosted
     version: "2.1.2"
   screen_brightness_macos:
-    dependency: transitive
+    dependency: "direct overridden"
     description:
       name: screen_brightness_macos
-      sha256: "4edf330ad21078686d8bfaf89413325fbaf571dcebe1e89254d675a3f288b5b9"
+      sha256: "278712cf5288db57bd335968cbfb2ec5441028f1ee2fcbdc8d1582d8210a3442"
       url: "https://pub.dev"
     source: hosted
-    version: "2.1.1"
+    version: "2.1.2"
   screen_brightness_ohos:
     dependency: transitive
     description:
@@ -1407,10 +1407,10 @@ packages:
     dependency: transitive
     description:
       name: screen_brightness_platform_interface
-      sha256: "737bd47b57746bc4291cab1b8a5843ee881af499514881b0247ec77447ee769c"
+      sha256: "2de60c0ba569b898950029cc1f7e9dd72bda44a22beb5054aac331cb6fce2ff2"
       url: "https://pub.dev"
     source: hosted
-    version: "2.1.0"
+    version: "2.1.2"
   screen_brightness_windows:
     dependency: transitive
     description:
diff --git a/client/pubspec.yaml b/client/pubspec.yaml
index 79ebf5030c..09a7815bfa 100644
--- a/client/pubspec.yaml
+++ b/client/pubspec.yaml
@@ -95,6 +95,13 @@ dependency_overrides:
   flet:
     path: ../packages/flet
 
+  screen_brightness: 2.1.7
+  # screen_brightness_macos 2.1.3 ("Fix: swift package manager warning") ships a
+  # Package.swift declaring macOS 10.11, below FlutterFramework's 10.15 floor,
+  # which breaks Swift Package Manager resolution. Pin the last good impl until
+  # upstream fixes it: https://github.com/aaassseee/screen_brightness/issues/99
+  screen_brightness_macos: 2.1.2
+
 dev_dependencies:
   flutter_test:
     sdk: flutter
diff --git a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml
index 48b6ab6c6d..4019c41dfe 100644
--- a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml
+++ b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml
@@ -46,6 +46,12 @@ dependency_overrides:
     path: ../../../../../packages/flet
   device_info_plus: 12.3.0 # remove that in May, 2026 once CI moved to macOS 26
   connectivity_plus: 7.0.0 # remove that in May, 2026 once CI moved to macOS 26
+  screen_brightness: 2.1.7
+  # screen_brightness_macos 2.1.3 ("Fix: swift package manager warning") ships a
+  # Package.swift declaring macOS 10.11, below FlutterFramework's 10.15 floor,
+  # which breaks Swift Package Manager resolution. Pin the last good impl until
+  # upstream fixes it: https://github.com/aaassseee/screen_brightness/issues/99
+  screen_brightness_macos: 2.1.2
 
 dev_dependencies:
   flutter_launcher_icons: ^0.14.1

From 2459240530a5f568a7f5c33ed1119ac6b2cef961 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Sun, 14 Jun 2026 17:22:26 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 26/60] flet build: clean build dir when the bundled Python
 version changes

Switching --python-version (or requires-python) between builds left the previous
version's compiled bytecode in the reused build directory's native bundles
(stdlib/site-packages .pyc), crashing the app at runtime with
`ImportError: bad magic number`. Record the resolved Python short version in the
build dir and, when it changes, wipe the build dir so the native bundles are
regenerated for the new interpreter.
---
 CHANGELOG.md                                     |  1 +
 .../flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py | 16 ++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 17 insertions(+)

diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 2a0c40bd6f..1d4a1d6c5c 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 * Fix `flet build` failing on Windows when a dependency is pulled in via `[tool.flet.<platform>].dev_packages` (or any local-path install): the rewritten `<pkg> @ file://<path>` URL now uses `Path.as_uri()`, producing the correct `file:///D:/...` three-slash form instead of `file://D:\...`, which pip on Windows parsed as a UNC path and aborted with `OSError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '\\\\D:\\a\\...'` ([#6577](https://github.com/flet-dev/flet/pull/6577)) by @FeodorFitsner.
 * Fix `flet build web --python-version 3.13` failing to match any Pyodide-built native wheel. The 3.13 row in the Python version registry was set to Pyodide platform tag `pyodide-2025.0-wasm32`, but Pyodide actually publishes 0.29 wheels under `pyemscripten_2025_0_wasm32` (the `pyodide_` → `pyemscripten_` prefix transition happened at 0.28/0.29, not at 314.0). Corrected to `pyemscripten-2025.0-wasm32` so pip's wheel selection picks up the correct tags by @FeodorFitsner.
+* `flet build` now cleans the build directory when the bundled Python version changes between builds, preventing stale compiled bytecode from the previous version crashing the app at runtime with `ImportError: bad magic number` by @FeodorFitsner.
 
 ## 0.85.3
 
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py
index b1e57a52a9..d5d44a5223 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py
@@ -712,6 +712,22 @@ def initialize_command(self):
         except UnsupportedPythonVersionError as e:
             self.cleanup(1, str(e))
 
+        # Changing the bundled Python version invalidates the compiled bytecode
+        # baked into the previous build's native bundles (stdlib/site-packages
+        # .pyc). Reusing the build directory would mix versions and crash at
+        # runtime with "bad magic number". Force a clean rebuild on a switch.
+        version_marker = self.build_dir / ".python-version"
+        if self.build_dir.exists() and version_marker.exists():
+            previous = version_marker.read_text(encoding="utf-8").strip()
+            if previous and previous != self.python_release.short:
+                console.log(
+                    f"Bundled Python version changed ({previous} -> "
+                    f"{self.python_release.short}); cleaning the build directory."
+                )
+                shutil.rmtree(self.build_dir, ignore_errors=True)
+        self.build_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+        version_marker.write_text(self.python_release.short, encoding="utf-8")
+
     def validate_target_platform(self):
         """
         Validate whether current host OS can build the selected target platform.

From 222ce0d1899d25c512b4b454fa7a30bd7e352127 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Mon, 15 Jun 2026 11:11:56 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 27/60] feat(testing): add `flet test` for on-device
 integration testing

Let Flet users write and run integration tests for their apps. Tests live in
`tests/` and drive the app running on-device (built monolithic app with embedded
Python over dart_bridge): find controls by key/text, tap, enter text, assert
state and screenshots.

- New `flet test` CLI command (mirrors `flet debug`): provisions a Flutter test
  host via the build pipeline in test mode, packages the app's Python, then runs
  pytest. Supports platform positional + `--device-id`, `-k`, `-u` (goldens), `-v`.
- pytest plugin shipped with `flet` (zero boilerplate): function-scoped
  `flet_app` fixture (fresh app per test); also runs via plain `uv run pytest`,
  with `FLET_TEST_PLATFORM`/`FLET_TEST_DEVICE`/`FLET_TEST_GOLDEN` env overrides.
- Independent tester channel: Dart `RemoteWidgetTester` <-> Python `RemoteTester`
  over a raw socket with length-prefixed JSON frames, separate from Flet's
  transport. The Flutter WidgetTester driver moved into `packages/flet` behind
  `package:flet/testing.dart`, shared by host (`runFletHostTest`) and device
  (`runFletDeviceTest`) modes.
- `flet create` scaffolds `tests/test_main.py` + pytest config; build template
  gains a test_mode-gated integration_test entry point.
- Docs: getting-started/integration-testing guide + cli/flet-test reference.
---
 client/integration_test/app_test.dart         |  48 +--
 packages/flet/lib/src/flet_backend.dart       |   2 +-
 .../lib/src/testing/flutter/device_test.dart  |  45 ++
 .../testing/flutter}/flutter_test_finder.dart |   4 +-
 .../src/testing/flutter}/flutter_tester.dart  |  31 +-
 .../src/testing/flutter/frame_decoder.dart    |  65 +++
 .../lib/src/testing/flutter/host_test.dart    |  62 +++
 .../testing/flutter/remote_widget_tester.dart | 279 ++++++++++++
 packages/flet/lib/testing.dart                |  14 +
 packages/flet/pubspec.yaml                    |   2 +
 .../packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/cli.py     |   2 +
 .../src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py       |   5 +
 .../flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/create.py  |   4 +
 .../flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/test.py    | 284 +++++++++++++
 .../src/flet_cli/commands/test_host.py        |  11 +
 sdk/python/packages/flet/pyproject.toml       |  13 +
 .../packages/flet/src/flet/pytest_plugin.py   | 147 +++++++
 .../flet/src/flet/testing/flet_test_app.py    | 109 +++--
 .../flet/src/flet/testing/remote_tester.py    | 269 ++++++++++++
 .../{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pyproject.toml   |   7 +
 .../app/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/src/main.py  |   2 +-
 .../tests/test_main.py                        |  22 +
 sdk/python/templates/build/cookiecutter.json  |   1 +
 .../integration_test/app_test.dart            |   8 +
 .../{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml     |   6 +
 website/docs/cli/flet-test.md                 |   7 +
 .../getting-started/integration-testing.md    | 396 ++++++++++++++++++
 website/sidebars.js                           |   9 +
 website/sidebars.yml                          |   2 +
 29 files changed, 1774 insertions(+), 82 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/device_test.dart
 rename {client/integration_test => packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter}/flutter_test_finder.dart (76%)
 rename {client/integration_test => packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter}/flutter_tester.dart (87%)
 create mode 100644 packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/frame_decoder.dart
 create mode 100644 packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/host_test.dart
 create mode 100644 packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/remote_widget_tester.dart
 create mode 100644 packages/flet/lib/testing.dart
 create mode 100644 sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/test.py
 create mode 100644 sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/test_host.py
 create mode 100644 sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/pytest_plugin.py
 create mode 100644 sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/testing/remote_tester.py
 create mode 100644 sdk/python/templates/app/app/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/tests/test_main.py
 create mode 100644 sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/integration_test/app_test.dart
 create mode 100644 website/docs/cli/flet-test.md
 create mode 100644 website/docs/getting-started/integration-testing.md

diff --git a/client/integration_test/app_test.dart b/client/integration_test/app_test.dart
index 9659913c55..3951465f44 100644
--- a/client/integration_test/app_test.dart
+++ b/client/integration_test/app_test.dart
@@ -1,45 +1,7 @@
-import 'dart:io';
-
+import 'package:flet/testing.dart';
 import 'package:flet_client/main.dart' as app;
-import 'package:flutter/foundation.dart';
-import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';
-import 'package:integration_test/integration_test.dart';
-
-import 'flutter_tester.dart';
-
-void main() {
-  var binding = IntegrationTestWidgetsFlutterBinding.ensureInitialized();
-
-  group('end-to-end test', () {
-    testWidgets('test app', (tester) async {
-      var dir = Directory.current.path;
-      debugPrint("Current dir: $dir");
-
-      app.tester = FlutterWidgetTester(tester, binding);
-
-      List<String> args = [];
-      const fletTestAppUrl = String.fromEnvironment("FLET_TEST_APP_URL");
-      if (fletTestAppUrl != "") {
-        args.add(fletTestAppUrl);
-      }
-
-      const fletTestPidFile = String.fromEnvironment("FLET_TEST_PID_FILE_PATH");
-      if (fletTestPidFile != "") {
-        args.add(fletTestPidFile);
-      }
-
-      const fletTestAssetsDir = String.fromEnvironment("FLET_TEST_ASSETS_DIR");
-      if (fletTestAssetsDir != "") {
-        args.add(fletTestAssetsDir);
-      }
-
-      app.main(args);
 
-      await Future.delayed(const Duration(milliseconds: 500));
-      await app.tester?.pump(duration: const Duration(seconds: 1));
-      await app.tester
-          ?.pumpAndSettle(duration: const Duration(milliseconds: 100));
-      await app.tester?.waitForTeardown();
-    });
-  });
-}
+void main() => runFletHostTest(
+      appMain: app.main,
+      assignTester: (t) => app.tester = t,
+    );
diff --git a/packages/flet/lib/src/flet_backend.dart b/packages/flet/lib/src/flet_backend.dart
index 3a140314df..ecd5263fbd 100644
--- a/packages/flet/lib/src/flet_backend.dart
+++ b/packages/flet/lib/src/flet_backend.dart
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ class FletBackend extends ChangeNotifier {
       "web": kIsWeb,
       "debug": kDebugMode,
       "wasm": const bool.fromEnvironment('dart.tool.dart2wasm'),
-      "test": tester != null,
+      "test": tester != null || const bool.fromEnvironment("FLET_TEST"),
       "multi_view": multiView,
       "pyodide": isPyodideMode(),
       "window": {
diff --git a/packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/device_test.dart b/packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/device_test.dart
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c25716f70f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/device_test.dart
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+// ignore_for_file: depend_on_referenced_packages
+import 'package:flutter/foundation.dart';
+import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';
+import 'package:integration_test/integration_test.dart';
+
+import 'remote_widget_tester.dart';
+
+/// Device-mode integration test entry point for an app built with `flet build`.
+///
+/// The app under test runs on-device with embedded Python over the in-process
+/// dart_bridge transport (via [appMain]). A [RemoteWidgetTester] connects over a
+/// raw socket to the Python `RemoteTester` server (`FLET_TEST_SERVER_URL`) and
+/// drives the integration-test `WidgetTester` — an independent channel that does
+/// not touch Flet's own transport and adds no widget to the tree.
+void runFletDeviceTest({required void Function(List<String>) appMain}) {
+  var binding = IntegrationTestWidgetsFlutterBinding.ensureInitialized();
+
+  group('end-to-end test', () {
+    testWidgets('test app', (tester) async {
+      const serverUrl = String.fromEnvironment("FLET_TEST_SERVER_URL");
+      if (serverUrl.isEmpty) {
+        throw Exception("FLET_TEST_SERVER_URL dart-define is required.");
+      }
+
+      // Launch the on-device app (no args => production/dart_bridge mode) and
+      // pump frames here, in the test body, so it starts and renders its first
+      // UI before any remote command arrives.
+      appMain(const []);
+      for (var i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
+        await tester.pump(const Duration(milliseconds: 100));
+      }
+
+      // Connect the remote tester last; the Python RemoteTester server unblocks
+      // once connected and drives the app from here on.
+      debugPrint("Connecting to remote tester at $serverUrl");
+      final widgetTester = await RemoteWidgetTester.connect(
+        tester: tester,
+        binding: binding,
+        serverUri: Uri.parse(serverUrl),
+      );
+
+      await widgetTester.waitForTeardown();
+    });
+  });
+}
diff --git a/client/integration_test/flutter_test_finder.dart b/packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/flutter_test_finder.dart
similarity index 76%
rename from client/integration_test/flutter_test_finder.dart
rename to packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/flutter_test_finder.dart
index 645852a63f..21de31941b 100644
--- a/client/integration_test/flutter_test_finder.dart
+++ b/packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/flutter_test_finder.dart
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
-import 'package:flet/flet.dart';
+// ignore_for_file: depend_on_referenced_packages
 import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';
 
+import '../test_finder.dart';
+
 class FlutterTestFinder extends TestFinder {
   final Finder finder;
 
diff --git a/client/integration_test/flutter_tester.dart b/packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/flutter_tester.dart
similarity index 87%
rename from client/integration_test/flutter_tester.dart
rename to packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/flutter_tester.dart
index 49bb544e4d..4b487002f3 100644
--- a/client/integration_test/flutter_tester.dart
+++ b/packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/flutter_tester.dart
@@ -1,11 +1,15 @@
+// ignore_for_file: depend_on_referenced_packages
 import 'dart:async';
-import 'package:flet/flet.dart';
-import 'package:flutter/gestures.dart';
+
 import 'package:flutter/foundation.dart';
+import 'package:flutter/gestures.dart';
 import 'package:flutter/widgets.dart';
 import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';
 import 'package:integration_test/integration_test.dart';
 
+import '../../utils/lock.dart';
+import '../test_finder.dart';
+import '../tester.dart';
 import 'flutter_test_finder.dart';
 
 class FlutterWidgetTester implements Tester {
@@ -17,6 +21,11 @@ class FlutterWidgetTester implements Tester {
 
   FlutterWidgetTester(this._tester, this._binding);
 
+  /// The integration-test binding, exposed for subclasses (e.g.
+  /// `RemoteWidgetTester`).
+  @protected
+  IntegrationTestWidgetsFlutterBinding get binding => _binding;
+
   @override
   Future<void> pumpAndSettle({Duration? duration}) async {
     await lock.acquire();
@@ -101,14 +110,15 @@ class FlutterWidgetTester implements Tester {
   }
 
   @override
-  Future<void> tapAt(Offset offset) =>
-      _tester.tapAt(offset);
+  Future<void> tapAt(Offset offset) => _tester.tapAt(offset);
 
   @override
-  Future<void> mouseClickAt(Offset offset) => _mouseClickAt(offset, kPrimaryButton);
+  Future<void> mouseClickAt(Offset offset) =>
+      _mouseClickAt(offset, kPrimaryButton);
 
   @override
-  Future<void> mouseDoubleClickAt(Offset offset) => _mouseDoubleClickAt(offset);
+  Future<void> mouseDoubleClickAt(Offset offset) =>
+      _mouseDoubleClickAt(offset);
 
   @override
   Future<void> rightMouseClickAt(Offset offset) =>
@@ -130,8 +140,7 @@ class FlutterWidgetTester implements Tester {
       _tester.longPress((finder as FlutterTestFinder).raw.at(finderIndex));
 
   @override
-  Future<void> enterText(
-      TestFinder finder, int finderIndex, String text) =>
+  Future<void> enterText(TestFinder finder, int finderIndex, String text) =>
       _tester.enterText(
         (finder as FlutterTestFinder).raw.at(finderIndex),
         text,
@@ -184,7 +193,11 @@ class FlutterWidgetTester implements Tester {
   }
 
   @override
-  void teardown() => _teardown.complete();
+  void teardown() {
+    if (!_teardown.isCompleted) {
+      _teardown.complete();
+    }
+  }
 
   @override
   Future waitForTeardown() => _teardown.future;
diff --git a/packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/frame_decoder.dart b/packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/frame_decoder.dart
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2dff2704eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/frame_decoder.dart
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+import 'dart:async';
+import 'dart:typed_data';
+
+/// Decodes a byte stream of length-prefixed frames into individual frame
+/// payloads. Each frame is a big-endian uint32 length followed by that many
+/// payload bytes. More robust than a newline delimiter — payloads may contain
+/// arbitrary bytes (e.g. base64 screenshots) without escaping.
+class FrameDecoder extends StreamTransformerBase<Uint8List, Uint8List> {
+  final int maxFrameLength;
+
+  const FrameDecoder({this.maxFrameLength = 64 * 1024 * 1024});
+
+  /// Encodes [payload] as a length-prefixed frame.
+  static Uint8List encode(List<int> payload) {
+    final frame = Uint8List(4 + payload.length);
+    ByteData.view(frame.buffer).setUint32(0, payload.length, Endian.big);
+    frame.setRange(4, frame.length, payload);
+    return frame;
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Stream<Uint8List> bind(Stream<Uint8List> stream) {
+    var buffer = Uint8List(0);
+    late StreamController<Uint8List> controller;
+    StreamSubscription<Uint8List>? subscription;
+
+    void onChunk(Uint8List chunk) {
+      final merged = Uint8List(buffer.length + chunk.length)
+        ..setRange(0, buffer.length, buffer)
+        ..setRange(buffer.length, buffer.length + chunk.length, chunk);
+      buffer = merged;
+
+      while (buffer.length >= 4) {
+        final length =
+            ByteData.sublistView(buffer, 0, 4).getUint32(0, Endian.big);
+        if (length > maxFrameLength) {
+          controller.addError(
+            StateError("Frame length $length exceeds limit $maxFrameLength."),
+          );
+          subscription?.cancel();
+          return;
+        }
+        if (buffer.length < 4 + length) break;
+        controller.add(Uint8List.fromList(buffer.sublist(4, 4 + length)));
+        buffer = Uint8List.fromList(buffer.sublist(4 + length));
+      }
+    }
+
+    controller = StreamController<Uint8List>(
+      onListen: () {
+        subscription = stream.listen(
+          onChunk,
+          onError: controller.addError,
+          onDone: controller.close,
+          cancelOnError: false,
+        );
+      },
+      onPause: () => subscription?.pause(),
+      onResume: () => subscription?.resume(),
+      onCancel: () => subscription?.cancel(),
+    );
+
+    return controller.stream;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/host_test.dart b/packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/host_test.dart
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6297ff16f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/host_test.dart
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+// ignore_for_file: depend_on_referenced_packages
+import 'dart:io';
+
+import 'package:flutter/foundation.dart';
+import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';
+import 'package:integration_test/integration_test.dart';
+
+import '../tester.dart';
+import 'flutter_tester.dart';
+
+/// Runs an integration test in "host" mode: the Flet app under test runs in a
+/// separate Python (pytest) process which also acts as the Flet server, and the
+/// Flutter app connects back to it over a single transport (TCP/HTTP/UDS). The
+/// [Tester] rides that same connection.
+///
+/// This is the mechanism used by the Flet dev "client" shell and the Flet
+/// team's white-box tests. For testing an app built with `flet build` (embedded
+/// Python over dart_bridge), use `runFletDeviceTest` instead.
+///
+/// [appMain] is the host app's `main(args)` entry point. [assignTester] is
+/// called with the constructed [Tester] before `appMain` runs so the host can
+/// wire it into its `FletApp(tester: ...)`.
+void runFletHostTest({
+  required void Function(List<String>) appMain,
+  required void Function(Tester) assignTester,
+}) {
+  var binding = IntegrationTestWidgetsFlutterBinding.ensureInitialized();
+
+  group('end-to-end test', () {
+    testWidgets('test app', (tester) async {
+      var dir = Directory.current.path;
+      debugPrint("Current dir: $dir");
+
+      var fletTester = FlutterWidgetTester(tester, binding);
+      assignTester(fletTester);
+
+      List<String> args = [];
+      const fletTestAppUrl = String.fromEnvironment("FLET_TEST_APP_URL");
+      if (fletTestAppUrl != "") {
+        args.add(fletTestAppUrl);
+      }
+
+      const fletTestPidFile = String.fromEnvironment("FLET_TEST_PID_FILE_PATH");
+      if (fletTestPidFile != "") {
+        args.add(fletTestPidFile);
+      }
+
+      const fletTestAssetsDir = String.fromEnvironment("FLET_TEST_ASSETS_DIR");
+      if (fletTestAssetsDir != "") {
+        args.add(fletTestAssetsDir);
+      }
+
+      appMain(args);
+
+      await Future.delayed(const Duration(milliseconds: 500));
+      await fletTester.pump(duration: const Duration(seconds: 1));
+      await fletTester.pumpAndSettle(
+          duration: const Duration(milliseconds: 100));
+      await fletTester.waitForTeardown();
+    });
+  });
+}
diff --git a/packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/remote_widget_tester.dart b/packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/remote_widget_tester.dart
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2982e9772e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/remote_widget_tester.dart
@@ -0,0 +1,279 @@
+// ignore_for_file: depend_on_referenced_packages
+// ignore_for_file: non_const_argument_for_const_parameter
+import 'dart:async';
+import 'dart:convert';
+import 'dart:io';
+import 'dart:typed_data';
+
+import 'package:flutter/widgets.dart';
+import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';
+import 'package:integration_test/integration_test.dart';
+
+import '../test_finder.dart';
+import 'flutter_test_finder.dart';
+import 'flutter_tester.dart';
+import 'frame_decoder.dart';
+
+/// Drives [FlutterWidgetTester] over an independent length-prefixed JSON
+/// protocol on a raw TCP socket — completely separate from Flet's own transport.
+///
+/// The on-device app under test runs normally (embedded Python over
+/// dart_bridge); this socket connects out to the Python `RemoteTester` server
+/// and is the only channel that drives the integration-test `WidgetTester`. No
+/// `FletApp`/`FletBackend` is added to the widget tree, so the app settles
+/// normally and `WidgetTester.pump`/`pumpAndSettle` behave as usual.
+class RemoteWidgetTester extends FlutterWidgetTester {
+  final Socket _socket;
+  final Map<int, FlutterTestFinder> _finders = {};
+  final Completer<void> _connectionClosed = Completer<void>();
+  Future<void> _commandQueue = Future<void>.value();
+  StreamSubscription<Uint8List>? _subscription;
+  bool _teardownRequested = false;
+
+  RemoteWidgetTester._(
+    super.tester,
+    super.binding,
+    this._socket,
+  ) {
+    _startListening();
+  }
+
+  static Future<RemoteWidgetTester> connect({
+    required WidgetTester tester,
+    required IntegrationTestWidgetsFlutterBinding binding,
+    required Uri serverUri,
+    Duration timeout = const Duration(seconds: 10),
+  }) async {
+    if (!serverUri.hasPort) {
+      throw ArgumentError("Server URL must include a port: $serverUri");
+    }
+    final host = serverUri.host.isEmpty ? "127.0.0.1" : serverUri.host;
+    final port = serverUri.port;
+    final socket = await Socket.connect(host, port, timeout: timeout);
+    socket.setOption(SocketOption.tcpNoDelay, true);
+    return RemoteWidgetTester._(tester, binding, socket);
+  }
+
+  void _startListening() {
+    final stream = _socket.transform(const FrameDecoder());
+    _subscription = stream.listen(null, onError: (error, stackTrace) {
+      if (!_connectionClosed.isCompleted) {
+        _connectionClosed.completeError(error, stackTrace);
+      }
+      _closeSilently();
+    }, onDone: () {
+      _closeSilently();
+      if (!_connectionClosed.isCompleted) {
+        _connectionClosed.complete();
+      }
+    }, cancelOnError: true);
+    // Serialize commands by chaining them onto a single queue. Do NOT pause the
+    // subscription while a command runs: pausing also stops the socket being
+    // serviced for writes, so `_sendResponse`'s flush would deadlock (the
+    // response only transmits when an unrelated incoming byte wakes the link).
+    _subscription!.onData((frame) {
+      _commandQueue = _commandQueue.then((_) => _processFrame(frame));
+    });
+  }
+
+  Future<void> _processFrame(Uint8List frame) async {
+    final dynamic decoded = jsonDecode(utf8.decode(frame));
+    if (decoded is! Map<String, dynamic>) {
+      throw Exception("Invalid command payload: $decoded");
+    }
+    final id = decoded["id"];
+    final method = decoded["method"] as String?;
+    final params = (decoded["params"] as Map<dynamic, dynamic>?)
+            ?.cast<String, dynamic>() ??
+        const <String, dynamic>{};
+
+    if (id == null || method == null) {
+      throw Exception("Command must include both 'id' and 'method'.");
+    }
+
+    try {
+      final response = await _handleCommand(method, params);
+      await _sendResponse(id, result: response.result);
+      if (response.closeAfter) {
+        await _socket.flush();
+        await _socket.close();
+        await _subscription?.cancel();
+        if (!_connectionClosed.isCompleted) {
+          _connectionClosed.complete();
+        }
+      }
+    } catch (error, stackTrace) {
+      await _sendResponse(id, error: "$error", stack: stackTrace.toString());
+    }
+  }
+
+  _CommandResponse _ok([dynamic result]) =>
+      _CommandResponse(result, closeAfter: false);
+
+  Future<_CommandResponse> _handleCommand(
+    String method,
+    Map<String, dynamic> params,
+  ) async {
+    switch (method) {
+      case "pump":
+        await pump(duration: _parseDuration(params["duration"]));
+        return _ok();
+      case "pump_and_settle":
+        await pumpAndSettle(duration: _parseDuration(params["duration"]));
+        return _ok();
+      case "find_by_text":
+        return _ok(_storeFinder(findByText(params["text"] as String)));
+      case "find_by_text_containing":
+        return _ok(
+          _storeFinder(findByTextContaining(params["pattern"] as String)),
+        );
+      case "find_by_key":
+        return _ok(_storeFinder(findByKey(_parseKey(params["key"]))));
+      case "find_by_tooltip":
+        return _ok(_storeFinder(findByTooltip(params["value"] as String)));
+      case "find_by_icon":
+        return _ok(_storeFinder(findByIcon(_parseIcon(params["icon"]))));
+      case "take_screenshot":
+        final bytes = await takeScreenshot(params["name"] as String);
+        return _ok(base64Encode(bytes));
+      case "tap":
+        await _withFinder(
+            params, (finder, index) => tap(finder, index));
+        return _ok();
+      case "long_press":
+        await _withFinder(
+            params, (finder, index) => longPress(finder, index));
+        return _ok();
+      case "enter_text":
+        await _withFinder(params,
+            (finder, index) => enterText(finder, index, params["text"] as String));
+        return _ok();
+      case "mouse_hover":
+        await _withFinder(
+            params, (finder, index) => mouseHover(finder, index));
+        return _ok();
+      case "teardown":
+        _triggerTeardown();
+        return const _CommandResponse(null, closeAfter: true);
+      default:
+        throw Exception("Unknown Tester method: $method");
+    }
+  }
+
+  Map<String, dynamic> _storeFinder(TestFinder finder) {
+    final flutterFinder = finder as FlutterTestFinder;
+    _finders[flutterFinder.id] = flutterFinder;
+    return flutterFinder.toMap();
+  }
+
+  Future<void> _withFinder(
+    Map<String, dynamic> params,
+    Future<void> Function(FlutterTestFinder finder, int index) action,
+  ) async {
+    final id = params["finder_id"];
+    final index = (params["finder_index"] as int?) ?? 0;
+    final finder = _finders[id];
+    if (finder == null) {
+      throw Exception("Finder with id $id is not registered.");
+    }
+    await action(finder, index);
+  }
+
+  Duration? _parseDuration(dynamic value) {
+    if (value == null) return null;
+    if (value is int) return Duration(milliseconds: value);
+    if (value is double) return Duration(milliseconds: value.round());
+    if (value is Map) {
+      final ms = value["milliseconds"] ?? value["ms"];
+      if (ms is num) return Duration(milliseconds: ms.round());
+    }
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  IconData _parseIcon(dynamic value) {
+    if (value is Map) {
+      final codePoint = value["code_point"] as int?;
+      if (codePoint == null) {
+        throw Exception("Icon payload must include 'code_point'.");
+      }
+      return IconData(
+        codePoint,
+        fontFamily: value["font_family"] as String?,
+        fontPackage: value["font_package"] as String?,
+        matchTextDirection: (value["match_text_direction"] as bool?) ?? false,
+      );
+    } else if (value is int) {
+      return IconData(value, fontFamily: "MaterialIcons");
+    }
+    throw Exception("Invalid icon format: $value");
+  }
+
+  Key _parseKey(dynamic value) {
+    final v = (value is Map) ? value["value"] : value;
+    // Preserve the concrete value type so the constructed ValueKey<T> matches
+    // the one the rendered control assigned — ValueKey's `==` is runtimeType
+    // strict (ValueKey<Object>('x') != ValueKey<String>('x')).
+    return switch (v) {
+      String s => ValueKey<String>(s),
+      int i => ValueKey<int>(i),
+      double d => ValueKey<double>(d),
+      bool b => ValueKey<bool>(b),
+      _ => ValueKey<dynamic>(v),
+    };
+  }
+
+  Future<void> _sendResponse(
+    dynamic id, {
+    dynamic result,
+    String? error,
+    String? stack,
+  }) async {
+    final payload = <String, dynamic>{"id": id};
+    if (error != null) {
+      payload["error"] = error;
+      if (stack != null) {
+        payload["stack"] = stack;
+      }
+    } else {
+      payload["result"] = result;
+    }
+    final encoded = jsonEncode(payload);
+    _socket.add(FrameDecoder.encode(utf8.encode(encoded)));
+    await _socket.flush();
+  }
+
+  void _closeSilently() {
+    _subscription?.cancel();
+    _triggerTeardown();
+    if (!_connectionClosed.isCompleted) {
+      _connectionClosed.complete();
+    }
+  }
+
+  void _triggerTeardown() {
+    if (_teardownRequested) {
+      return;
+    }
+    _teardownRequested = true;
+    super.teardown();
+  }
+
+  @override
+  void teardown() => _triggerTeardown();
+
+  /// Blocks until Python calls teardown (or the connection drops). Commands are
+  /// handled in the socket subscription; the test body just parks here, exactly
+  /// like the host-mode FlutterWidgetTester.
+  @override
+  Future waitForTeardown() async {
+    await _commandQueue;
+    await Future.wait([super.waitForTeardown(), _connectionClosed.future]);
+  }
+}
+
+class _CommandResponse {
+  final dynamic result;
+  final bool closeAfter;
+
+  const _CommandResponse(this.result, {required this.closeAfter});
+}
diff --git a/packages/flet/lib/testing.dart b/packages/flet/lib/testing.dart
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a27df274a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/flet/lib/testing.dart
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+/// Flet integration-testing driver.
+///
+/// This library is intentionally NOT exported from `package:flet/flet.dart`
+/// because it depends on the dev-only `flutter_test` and `integration_test`
+/// packages. Import it only from a Flutter integration test (under
+/// `integration_test/`), where those packages are available as dev
+/// dependencies.
+library flet.testing;
+
+export 'src/testing/flutter/device_test.dart';
+export 'src/testing/flutter/flutter_test_finder.dart';
+export 'src/testing/flutter/flutter_tester.dart';
+export 'src/testing/flutter/host_test.dart';
+export 'src/testing/flutter/remote_widget_tester.dart';
diff --git a/packages/flet/pubspec.yaml b/packages/flet/pubspec.yaml
index 3a5a277f1f..1b10dc8f59 100644
--- a/packages/flet/pubspec.yaml
+++ b/packages/flet/pubspec.yaml
@@ -58,4 +58,6 @@ dependencies:
 dev_dependencies:
   flutter_test:
     sdk: flutter
+  integration_test:
+    sdk: flutter
   flutter_lints: ^3.0.1
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/cli.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/cli.py
index 565dd1cdd2..91d249a5f4 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/cli.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/cli.py
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 import flet_cli.commands.publish
 import flet_cli.commands.run
 import flet_cli.commands.serve
+import flet_cli.commands.test
 from flet_cli.utils.linux_deps import linux_dependencies
 
 
@@ -111,6 +112,7 @@ def get_parser() -> argparse.ArgumentParser:
     flet_cli.commands.run.Command.register_to(sp, "run")
     flet_cli.commands.build.Command.register_to(sp, "build")
     flet_cli.commands.debug.Command.register_to(sp, "debug")
+    flet_cli.commands.test.Command.register_to(sp, "test")
     flet_cli.commands.pack.Command.register_to(sp, "pack")
     flet_cli.commands.publish.Command.register_to(sp, "publish")
     flet_cli.commands.serve.Command.register_to(sp, "serve")
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py
index d5d44a5223..33bdde49d7 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py
@@ -1162,6 +1162,7 @@ def _xml_attr_value(v):
             self.target_platform in ["ipa"]
             and not ios_provisioning_profile
             and not self.debug_platform
+            and not getattr(self, "test_mode", False)
         ):
             console.print(
                 Panel(
@@ -1208,6 +1209,10 @@ def _xml_attr_value(v):
             "pyodide_version": self.python_release.pyodide,
             "base_url": f"/{base_url}/" if base_url else "/",
             "split_per_abi": split_per_abi,
+            # Enabled by `flet test` to scaffold integration-test wiring
+            # (integration_test/ + flutter_test dev deps). Default False so
+            # normal `flet build`/`flet debug` output is unaffected.
+            "test_mode": getattr(self, "test_mode", False),
             "project_name": project_name,
             "project_name_slug": project_name_slug,
             "artifact_name": artifact_name,
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/create.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/create.py
index 9af5bef439..7349f2ddee 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/create.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/create.py
@@ -162,3 +162,7 @@ def handle(self, options: argparse.Namespace) -> None:
             else ""
         )
         console.print(f"flet run {app_dir}\n")
+
+        # print testing step
+        console.print("[cyan]Run the integration tests:[/cyan]\n")
+        console.print(f"flet test {app_dir}\n")
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/test.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/test.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dd0e3698c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/test.py
@@ -0,0 +1,284 @@
+import argparse
+import os
+import platform
+import subprocess
+import sys
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Optional
+
+from rich.console import Group
+from rich.live import Live
+
+from flet_cli.commands.build_base import BaseBuildCommand, console
+
+# Maps the user-facing test platform to the build target_platform used to
+# provision the Flutter test host, plus the default device id for desktop.
+TEST_PLATFORMS = {
+    "windows": {"target_platform": "windows", "device_id": "windows"},
+    "macos": {"target_platform": "macos", "device_id": "macos"},
+    "linux": {"target_platform": "linux", "device_id": "linux"},
+    "ios": {"target_platform": "ipa", "device_id": None},
+    "android": {"target_platform": "apk", "device_id": None},
+}
+
+
+def _default_desktop_platform() -> str:
+    name = platform.system().lower()
+    return "macos" if name == "darwin" else name  # "windows" / "linux"
+
+
+def _provision_steps(cmd: "BaseBuildCommand") -> Path:
+    """
+    Drive the shared `flet build` provisioning pipeline (in `test_mode`) to
+    materialize a Flutter test host with the app's Python embedded as
+    `app/app.zip` and the `integration_test/` driver. Release build, icons,
+    splash and output-copy steps are intentionally skipped — `flutter test`
+    compiles its own debug binary. Returns the provisioned Flutter project dir.
+    """
+    cmd.test_mode = True
+    cmd.initialize_command()
+    cmd.validate_target_platform()
+    cmd.validate_entry_point()
+    cmd.setup_template_data()
+    cmd.create_flutter_project()
+    cmd.package_python_app()
+    cmd.register_flutter_extensions()
+    if cmd.create_flutter_project(second_pass=True):
+        cmd.update_flutter_dependencies()
+    return cmd.flutter_dir
+
+
+# Env vars set by `flet test` (and `provision_test_host`) for the pytest
+# subprocess. `flutter test integration_test` (spawned by FletTestApp) runs the
+# platform's native build, whose serious_python build phase bundles
+# site-packages into the app from SERIOUS_PYTHON_SITE_PACKAGES — without it the
+# embedded Python can't import its dependencies (e.g. ModuleNotFoundError:
+# certifi). `flet build`/`flet debug` set the same vars for their flutter build
+# (see build_base.py `_run_flutter_command`).
+_TEST_ENV_KEYS = (
+    "PATH",
+    "FLET_TEST_DISABLE_FVM",
+    "SERIOUS_PYTHON_VERSION",
+    "SERIOUS_PYTHON_SITE_PACKAGES",
+    "SERIOUS_PYTHON_FLUTTER_PACKAGES",
+)
+
+
+def _flutter_path_env(cmd: "BaseBuildCommand") -> dict:
+    """
+    Build an environment for the pytest subprocess so the on-device test run
+    (`flutter test integration_test`, spawned by FletTestApp) finds the same
+    Flutter SDK we provisioned with (without `fvm`) and so the native build
+    bundles the app's site-packages.
+    """
+    env = {**os.environ, **cmd.env}
+    if cmd.flutter_exe:
+        flutter_bin = str(Path(cmd.flutter_exe).parent)
+        env["PATH"] = os.pathsep.join([flutter_bin, env.get("PATH", "")])
+    env["FLET_TEST_DISABLE_FVM"] = "1"
+    if getattr(cmd, "python_release", None) is not None:
+        env["SERIOUS_PYTHON_VERSION"] = cmd.python_release.short
+    if (
+        getattr(cmd, "build_dir", None) is not None
+        and getattr(cmd, "package_platform", None) != "Emscripten"
+    ):
+        env["SERIOUS_PYTHON_SITE_PACKAGES"] = str(cmd.build_dir / "site-packages")
+    if getattr(cmd, "flutter_packages_temp_dir", None) is not None:
+        env["SERIOUS_PYTHON_FLUTTER_PACKAGES"] = str(cmd.flutter_packages_temp_dir)
+    return env
+
+
+class Command(BaseBuildCommand):
+    """
+    Run Flet integration tests for an app.
+
+    Provisions a Flutter test host from the app (the same pipeline as
+    `flet build`, in test mode) so the app runs on-device with embedded Python,
+    then runs pytest. Tests in the `tests/` directory drive the app through the
+    `flet_app` fixture (find controls by key, tap, take/assert screenshots).
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, parser: argparse.ArgumentParser) -> None:
+        super().__init__(parser)
+        self.test_platform_name: Optional[str] = None
+        self.device_id: Optional[str] = None
+        self.tests_dir = "tests"
+        self.update_goldens = False
+        self.pytest_args: list[str] = []
+        self.flutter_test_host: Optional[str] = None
+
+    def add_arguments(self, parser: argparse.ArgumentParser) -> None:
+        # `platform` is a positional, like `flet debug`. Register it first, then
+        # the inherited build args (which add the `python_app_path` positional),
+        # then our trailing `pytest_args` REMAINDER positional.
+        parser.add_argument(
+            "platform",
+            type=str.lower,
+            nargs="?",
+            choices=["macos", "linux", "windows", "ios", "android"],
+            help="The target platform to run the tests on "
+            "(defaults to the current desktop platform).",
+        )
+        super().add_arguments(parser)
+        parser.add_argument(
+            "--device-id",
+            "-d",
+            dest="device_id",
+            help="Device ID to run the tests on (for iOS and Android).",
+        )
+        parser.add_argument(
+            "--tests-dir",
+            dest="tests_dir",
+            default="tests",
+            help="Directory with the integration tests, relative to the app "
+            "directory (default: tests).",
+        )
+        parser.add_argument(
+            "--update-goldens",
+            "-u",
+            dest="update_goldens",
+            action="store_true",
+            default=False,
+            help="Capture/update golden screenshots instead of comparing.",
+        )
+        parser.add_argument(
+            "--flutter-test-host",
+            dest="flutter_test_host",
+            default=None,
+            help="Use an already-provisioned Flutter test host directory "
+            "instead of building one (e.g. a CI-cached host).",
+        )
+        parser.add_argument(
+            "-k",
+            dest="pytest_keyword",
+            default=None,
+            help="Only run tests matching the given pytest keyword expression "
+            "(passed through to pytest -k).",
+        )
+
+    def handle(self, options: argparse.Namespace) -> None:
+        super().handle(options)
+        # `flet test` never produces a packaged artifact; build output dir is
+        # irrelevant (mirrors `flet debug`).
+        self.options.output_dir = None
+
+        self.test_platform_name = options.platform or _default_desktop_platform()
+        self.target_platform = TEST_PLATFORMS[self.test_platform_name][
+            "target_platform"
+        ]
+        self.device_id = (
+            options.device_id or TEST_PLATFORMS[self.test_platform_name]["device_id"]
+        )
+        self.tests_dir = options.tests_dir
+        self.update_goldens = options.update_goldens
+        self.flutter_test_host = options.flutter_test_host
+
+        self.pytest_args = []
+        if options.pytest_keyword:
+            self.pytest_args += ["-k", options.pytest_keyword]
+
+        if self.test_platform_name in ("android", "ios") and not self.device_id:
+            console.print(
+                f"[red]A device id is required for {self.test_platform_name}. "
+                "Pass it with --device-id (use `flet devices` to list "
+                "connected devices).[/red]"
+            )
+            sys.exit(1)
+
+        if self.flutter_test_host:
+            flutter_dir = Path(self.flutter_test_host).resolve()
+            # Still need python_app_path/env for pytest; run a light init.
+            self.test_mode = True
+            self.status = console.status(
+                "[bold blue]Preparing tests...", spinner="bouncingBall"
+            )
+            with Live(Group(self.status, self.progress), console=console) as self.live:
+                self.initialize_command()
+                self.validate_entry_point()
+        else:
+            self.status = console.status(
+                f"[bold blue]Provisioning {self.target_platform} test host...",
+                spinner="bouncingBall",
+            )
+            with Live(Group(self.status, self.progress), console=console) as self.live:
+                flutter_dir = _provision_steps(self)
+                self.update_status("[bold blue]Test host ready. Starting tests...")
+
+        exit_code = self._run_pytest(flutter_dir)
+        sys.exit(exit_code)
+
+    def _run_pytest(self, flutter_dir: Path) -> int:
+        assert self.python_app_path
+        env = _flutter_path_env(self)
+        env["FLET_TEST_DEVICE_MODE"] = "1"
+        env["FLET_TEST_FLUTTER_APP_DIR"] = str(flutter_dir)
+        env["FLET_TEST_PLATFORM"] = self.test_platform_name or ""
+        if self.device_id:
+            env["FLET_TEST_DEVICE"] = self.device_id
+        if self.update_goldens:
+            env["FLET_TEST_GOLDEN"] = "1"
+
+        pytest_args = list(self.pytest_args)
+        if self.verbose > 0:
+            # Stream the Flutter test process output (compilation/launch
+            # progress) and don't let pytest capture it.
+            env["FLET_TEST_VERBOSE"] = "1"
+            pytest_args += ["-s"]
+
+        tests_path = Path(self.python_app_path) / self.tests_dir
+        args = [sys.executable, "-m", "pytest", str(tests_path), *pytest_args]
+        console.log(f"Running tests: {' '.join(args)}")
+        return subprocess.run(args, cwd=str(self.python_app_path), env=env).returncode
+
+
+def provision_test_host(
+    project_dir: str,
+    platform_name: Optional[str] = None,
+    device_id: Optional[str] = None,
+    verbose: int = 0,
+) -> Path:
+    """
+    Provision (or reuse the cached) Flutter test host for the app at
+    `project_dir` and return its directory. Also wires up the current process
+    environment (PATH to the resolved Flutter SDK, FLET_TEST_DISABLE_FVM) so a
+    subsequent `flutter test` launched by FletTestApp works.
+
+    Called by the pytest plugin so that `uv run pytest` works without first
+    running `flet test`. Cached by the build pipeline's input hash, so warm
+    runs are fast.
+    """
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
+    cmd = Command(parser)
+    plat = platform_name or _default_desktop_platform()
+
+    argv = [plat]
+    if device_id:
+        argv += ["-d", device_id]
+    options = parser.parse_args(argv)
+    options.python_app_path = str(Path(project_dir).resolve())
+    options.output_dir = None
+    options.verbose = verbose
+    options.assume_yes = True
+
+    cmd.options = options
+    cmd.no_rich_output = cmd.no_rich_output or options.no_rich_output
+    cmd.verbose = verbose
+    cmd.assume_yes = True
+    cmd.test_platform_name = plat
+    cmd.target_platform = TEST_PLATFORMS[plat]["target_platform"]
+
+    cmd.status = console.status(
+        f"[bold blue]Provisioning {cmd.target_platform} test host...",
+        spinner="bouncingBall",
+    )
+    with Live(Group(cmd.status, cmd.progress), console=console) as cmd.live:
+        flutter_dir = _provision_steps(cmd)
+
+    # Make the SDK discoverable for the FletTestApp-spawned `flutter test` and
+    # propagate the SERIOUS_PYTHON_* vars so the native build bundles
+    # site-packages into the app.
+    env = _flutter_path_env(cmd)
+    for key in _TEST_ENV_KEYS:
+        if key in env:
+            os.environ[key] = env[key]
+    return flutter_dir
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/test_host.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/test_host.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..aa21af73d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/test_host.py
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+"""
+Provisioning entry point for the Flet integration-test host.
+
+`provision_test_host` is defined in `flet_cli.commands.test` (alongside the
+`flet test` command) and re-exported here so the flet pytest plugin can import
+it from a stable, command-agnostic module without pulling in argparse wiring.
+"""
+
+from flet_cli.commands.test import provision_test_host
+
+__all__ = ["provision_test_host"]
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/pyproject.toml b/sdk/python/packages/flet/pyproject.toml
index c6a20b80f2..719b9ff907 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/pyproject.toml
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/pyproject.toml
@@ -32,10 +32,23 @@ desktop = [
     "flet-desktop",
 ]
 web = ["flet-web"]
+# Dependencies needed to run integration tests written with `flet.testing`
+# (the `flet test` command / the pytest plugin). Pillow/numpy/scikit-image
+# back screenshot and GIF comparison.
+test = [
+    "pytest >=7.2.0",
+    "pytest-asyncio >=1.1.0",
+    "numpy >=2.2.0",
+    "pillow >=10.3.0",
+    "scikit-image >=0.25.2",
+]
 
 [project.scripts]
 flet = "flet.cli:main"
 
+[project.entry-points.pytest11]
+flet = "flet.pytest_plugin"
+
 [dependency-groups]
 extensions = [
     "flet-ads",
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/pytest_plugin.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/pytest_plugin.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9ef8afa2b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/pytest_plugin.py
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+"""
+Pytest plugin that exposes Flet integration-testing fixtures.
+
+Registered as a ``pytest11`` entry point in flet's ``pyproject.toml`` so that any
+test under a Flet app's ``tests/`` directory gets the ``flet_app`` /
+``flet_app_function`` fixtures with zero conftest boilerplate.
+
+Because a ``pytest11`` plugin is auto-loaded in *every* pytest run wherever
+``flet`` is installed, this module must stay lightweight: it lives at the flet
+top level (not under ``flet.testing``) so loading it does not pull in
+``FletTestApp`` (numpy/Pillow/scikit-image). It imports nothing heavy at module
+load time — ``flet.testing`` and ``flet_cli`` are imported lazily inside the
+fixtures. ``pytest_asyncio`` is imported defensively — if it is missing, the
+plugin loads as a no-op so it never breaks unrelated projects' pytest runs.
+"""
+
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+
+try:
+    import pytest_asyncio
+
+    _HAS_ASYNCIO = True
+except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover - plugin degrades to a no-op
+    _HAS_ASYNCIO = False
+
+
+def _is_device_mode() -> bool:
+    # Device mode (app under test runs on-device with embedded Python) is the
+    # default for `flet test` / `uv run pytest`. The Flet repo's own host-mode
+    # tests opt out by setting FLET_TEST_DEVICE_MODE=0 (and override these
+    # fixtures from their conftest anyway).
+    return os.environ.get("FLET_TEST_DEVICE_MODE", "1").lower() not in (
+        "0",
+        "false",
+        "no",
+        "",
+    )
+
+
+def _import_app_main(app_path: str, module_name: str):
+    """Import the user's app `main` callable from `app_path/<module_name>.py`."""
+    import importlib
+    import sys
+
+    app_path = str(Path(app_path).resolve())
+    if app_path not in sys.path:
+        sys.path.insert(0, app_path)
+    module = importlib.import_module(module_name)
+    return module.main
+
+
+def _resolve_flutter_test_host(device_mode: bool):
+    """Return the Flutter test host dir, provisioning it on demand if needed."""
+    host = os.environ.get("FLET_TEST_FLUTTER_APP_DIR")
+    if host:
+        return host
+    if not device_mode:
+        raise RuntimeError(
+            "FLET_TEST_FLUTTER_APP_DIR is not set. Run tests with `flet test`, "
+            "or set the environment variable to a Flutter test host directory."
+        )
+    # Lazily provision a built test host via flet-cli (cached by input hash).
+    # The target platform/device come from FLET_TEST_PLATFORM / FLET_TEST_DEVICE
+    # so `uv run pytest` can target a mobile emulator/device too (defaults to the
+    # current desktop platform when unset).
+    try:
+        from flet_cli.commands.test_host import provision_test_host
+    except ImportError as e:
+        raise RuntimeError(
+            "Provisioning a Flutter test host requires flet-cli. Install it "
+            "with `pip install flet-cli` or run your tests with `flet test`."
+        ) from e
+    return str(
+        provision_test_host(
+            project_dir=os.getcwd(),
+            platform_name=os.environ.get("FLET_TEST_PLATFORM"),
+            device_id=os.environ.get("FLET_TEST_DEVICE"),
+        )
+    )
+
+
+def _create_flet_app(request):
+    import flet.testing as ftt
+
+    params = getattr(request, "param", {})
+    device_mode = _is_device_mode()
+    flutter_app_dir = _resolve_flutter_test_host(device_mode)
+
+    flet_app_main = params.get("flet_app_main")
+    if not device_mode and flet_app_main is None:
+        app_path = os.environ.get("FLET_TEST_APP_PATH")
+        if app_path:
+            module_name = os.environ.get("FLET_TEST_APP_MODULE", "main")
+            flet_app_main = _import_app_main(app_path, module_name)
+
+    assets_dir = params.get("assets_dir") or os.environ.get("FLET_TEST_ASSETS_DIR")
+
+    return ftt.FletTestApp(
+        flutter_app_dir=flutter_app_dir,
+        device_mode=device_mode,
+        flet_app_main=flet_app_main,
+        test_path=request.fspath,
+        skip_pump_and_settle=params.get("skip_pump_and_settle", False),
+        assets_dir=assets_dir,
+    )
+
+
+if _HAS_ASYNCIO:
+
+    @pytest_asyncio.fixture
+    async def flet_app(request):
+        """
+        Function-scoped Flet app fixture: each test gets a fresh, isolated app.
+
+        Does not bind `ft.context.page`. Use `flet_app.tester` to drive the UI.
+        Function scope keeps the fixture on the same event loop as the test (the
+        default with `asyncio_mode = "auto"`), which is required so the tester
+        transport is serviced while the test awaits.
+        """
+        app = _create_flet_app(request)
+        await app.start()
+        yield app
+        await app.teardown()
+
+    @pytest_asyncio.fixture(scope="function")
+    async def flet_app_function(request):
+        """
+        Function-scoped Flet app fixture.
+
+        Binds and resets `ft.context.page` per test (host mode). In device mode
+        the bound page is the tester session, not the on-device app page.
+        """
+        from flet.controls.context import _context_page, context
+
+        app = _create_flet_app(request)
+        await app.start()
+
+        token = _context_page.set(app.page)
+        context.reset_auto_update()
+
+        try:
+            yield app
+        finally:
+            _context_page.reset(token)
+            context.disable_components_mode()
+            await app.teardown()
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/testing/flet_test_app.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/testing/flet_test_app.py
index 8777d98855..b85a2cac2c 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/testing/flet_test_app.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/testing/flet_test_app.py
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 import flet as ft
 from flet.controls.control import Control
+from flet.testing.remote_tester import RemoteTester
 from flet.testing.tester import Tester
 from flet.utils.network import get_free_tcp_port
 from flet.utils.platform_utils import get_bool_env_var
@@ -114,6 +115,14 @@ class FletTestApp:
         skip_pump_and_settle:
             If `True`, the initial `pump_and_settle` after app start is skipped.
 
+        device_mode:
+            If `True`, the app under test runs on-device with embedded Python
+            (over dart_bridge), as produced by `flet build`. This session then
+            hosts only the `Tester` over a dedicated channel and does not run
+            `flet_app_main`. If `False` (default), the app runs here in-process
+            (host mode) against the dev `client` shell.
+            Env override: `FLET_TEST_DEVICE_MODE=1`.
+
     Environment Variables:
         - `FLET_TEST_PLATFORM`: Overrides `test_platform`.
         - `FLET_TEST_DEVICE`: Overrides `test_device`.
@@ -140,6 +149,7 @@ def __init__(
         use_http: bool = False,
         disable_fvm: bool = False,
         skip_pump_and_settle: bool = False,
+        device_mode: bool = False,
     ):
         self.test_platform = os.getenv("FLET_TEST_PLATFORM", test_platform)
         self.test_device = os.getenv("FLET_TEST_DEVICE", test_device)
@@ -157,6 +167,7 @@ def __init__(
         )
         self.__disable_fvm = get_bool_env_var("FLET_TEST_DISABLE_FVM") or disable_fvm
         self.__use_http = get_bool_env_var("FLET_TEST_USE_HTTP") or use_http
+        self.__device_mode = get_bool_env_var("FLET_TEST_DEVICE_MODE") or device_mode
         self.__test_path = test_path
         self.__flet_app_main = flet_app_main
         self.__skip_pump_and_settle = skip_pump_and_settle
@@ -165,7 +176,7 @@ def __init__(
         self.__tcp_port = tcp_port
         self.__flutter_process: Optional[asyncio.subprocess.Process] = None
         self.__page = None
-        self.__tester: Tester | None = None
+        self.__tester: Union[Tester, RemoteTester, None] = None
 
     @property
     def page(self) -> ft.Page:
@@ -177,10 +188,11 @@ def page(self) -> ft.Page:
         return self.__page
 
     @property
-    def tester(self) -> Tester:
+    def tester(self) -> Union[Tester, RemoteTester]:
         """
-        Returns an instance of `Tester` class that programmatically \
-        interacts with page controls and the test environment.
+        Returns the tester that programmatically interacts with page controls \
+        and the test environment. In device mode this is a \
+        :class:`~flet.testing.remote_tester.RemoteTester`.
         """
         if self.__tester is None:
             raise RuntimeError("tester is not initialized")
@@ -205,10 +217,14 @@ async def main(page: ft.Page):
             page.theme_mode = ft.ThemeMode.LIGHT
             page.update()
 
-            if inspect.iscoroutinefunction(self.__flet_app_main):
-                await self.__flet_app_main(page)
-            elif callable(self.__flet_app_main):
-                self.__flet_app_main(page)
+            # In device mode the app under test runs on-device (embedded Python
+            # over dart_bridge); this session is tester-only and must NOT run
+            # the user's app. In host mode the app runs here in-process.
+            if not self.__device_mode:
+                if inspect.iscoroutinefunction(self.__flet_app_main):
+                    await self.__flet_app_main(page)
+                elif callable(self.__flet_app_main):
+                    self.__flet_app_main(page)
             if not self.__skip_pump_and_settle:
                 await self.__pump_and_settle_with_timeout("start")
             ready.set()
@@ -216,19 +232,37 @@ async def main(page: ft.Page):
         if not self.__tcp_port:
             self.__tcp_port = get_free_tcp_port()
 
-        if self.__use_http:
-            os.environ["FLET_FORCE_WEB_SERVER"] = "true"
-
-        asyncio.create_task(
-            ft.run_async(
-                main, port=self.__tcp_port, assets_dir=str(self.__assets_dir), view=None
+        if self.__device_mode:
+            # Device mode: the app runs on-device (embedded Python over
+            # dart_bridge). This process only hosts the independent RemoteTester
+            # socket that drives the on-device WidgetTester — no Flet server,
+            # no app run here.
+            remote = RemoteTester()
+            self.__tcp_port = await remote.start(host="127.0.0.1", port=self.__tcp_port)
+            self.__tester = remote
+            print(f"Started remote tester on 127.0.0.1:{self.__tcp_port}")
+        else:
+            if self.__use_http:
+                os.environ["FLET_FORCE_WEB_SERVER"] = "true"
+
+            asyncio.create_task(
+                ft.run_async(
+                    main,
+                    port=self.__tcp_port,
+                    assets_dir=str(self.__assets_dir),
+                    view=None,
+                )
             )
-        )
-        print("Started Flet app")
+            print("Started Flet app")
 
+        # Stream the Flutter test process output to the console when verbose
+        # (set by `flet test -v`) or when debug logging is on; otherwise hide it.
         stdout = asyncio.subprocess.DEVNULL
         stderr = asyncio.subprocess.DEVNULL
-        if logging.getLogger().getEffectiveLevel() == logging.DEBUG:
+        if (
+            get_bool_env_var("FLET_TEST_VERBOSE")
+            or logging.getLogger().getEffectiveLevel() == logging.DEBUG
+        ):
             stdout = None
             stderr = None
 
@@ -254,15 +288,27 @@ async def main(page: ft.Page):
             flutter_args += ["-d", self.test_device]
 
         app_url = f"{protocol}://{tcp_addr}:{self.__tcp_port}"
-        flutter_args += [f"--dart-define=FLET_TEST_APP_URL={app_url}"]
 
-        if not self.__use_http:
-            temp_path = Path(tempfile.gettempdir()) / "flet_app_pid.txt"
-            flutter_args += [f"--dart-define=FLET_TEST_PID_FILE_PATH={temp_path}"]
-            if self.__assets_dir:
-                flutter_args += [
-                    f"--dart-define=FLET_TEST_ASSETS_DIR={self.__assets_dir}"
-                ]
+        if self.__device_mode:
+            # The app under test runs on-device over dart_bridge and ships its
+            # own assets in app.zip. The RemoteWidgetTester connects to our
+            # RemoteTester server over an independent socket. FLET_TEST=true lets
+            # the embedded app know it is running under test (page.test == True).
+            server_url = f"tcp://{tcp_addr}:{self.__tcp_port}"
+            flutter_args += [
+                f"--dart-define=FLET_TEST_SERVER_URL={server_url}",
+                "--dart-define=FLET_TEST=true",
+            ]
+        else:
+            flutter_args += [f"--dart-define=FLET_TEST_APP_URL={app_url}"]
+
+            if not self.__use_http:
+                temp_path = Path(tempfile.gettempdir()) / "flet_app_pid.txt"
+                flutter_args += [f"--dart-define=FLET_TEST_PID_FILE_PATH={temp_path}"]
+                if self.__assets_dir:
+                    flutter_args += [
+                        f"--dart-define=FLET_TEST_ASSETS_DIR={self.__assets_dir}"
+                    ]
 
         self.__flutter_process = await asyncio.create_subprocess_exec(
             *flutter_args,
@@ -272,9 +318,14 @@ async def main(page: ft.Page):
         )
 
         print("Started Flutter test process.")
-        print("Waiting for a Flet client to connect...")
+        print("Waiting for the Flutter app to connect...")
 
-        while not ready.is_set():
+        def connected() -> bool:
+            if self.__device_mode:
+                return self.__tester is not None and self.__tester.is_connected()
+            return ready.is_set()
+
+        while not connected():
             await asyncio.sleep(0.2)
             if self.__flutter_process.returncode is not None:
                 raise RuntimeError(
@@ -306,6 +357,10 @@ async def teardown(self):
                     print("Force killing Flutter test process...")
                     self.__flutter_process.kill()
 
+        # Stop the RemoteTester socket server (device mode).
+        if isinstance(self.__tester, RemoteTester):
+            await self.__tester.stop()
+
     def resize_page(self, width: float, height: float):
         """
         Resizes the page window to the specified width and height.
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/testing/remote_tester.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/testing/remote_tester.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ea4512febe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/testing/remote_tester.py
@@ -0,0 +1,269 @@
+import asyncio
+import base64
+import json
+from dataclasses import asdict, is_dataclass
+from typing import Any, Optional
+
+from flet.controls.duration import DurationValue
+from flet.controls.keys import KeyValue
+from flet.controls.types import IconData
+from flet.testing.finder import Finder
+
+__all__ = ["RemoteTester", "RemoteTesterError"]
+
+
+class RemoteTesterError(RuntimeError):
+    """Error returned from a remote tester invocation."""
+
+    def __init__(self, message: str, stack: Optional[str] = None):
+        super().__init__(message)
+        self.stack = stack
+
+
+class RemoteTester:
+    """
+    TCP server that drives the Flutter integration-test ``WidgetTester`` over an
+    independent line-delimited JSON protocol (separate from Flet's own
+    transport). The on-device app's ``RemoteWidgetTester`` connects to this
+    server and executes the commands.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._server: Optional[asyncio.AbstractServer] = None
+        self._reader: Optional[asyncio.StreamReader] = None
+        self._writer: Optional[asyncio.StreamWriter] = None
+        self._connected = asyncio.Event()
+        self._closed = asyncio.Event()
+        self._closed.set()
+        self._pending: dict[int, asyncio.Future[Any]] = {}
+        self._request_id = 0
+        self._reader_task: Optional[asyncio.Task[Any]] = None
+        self._send_lock = asyncio.Lock()
+        self.host = "127.0.0.1"
+        self.port: Optional[int] = None
+
+    async def start(self, host: str = "127.0.0.1", port: Optional[int] = None) -> int:
+        """
+        Starts the TCP server accepting a connection from the Flutter app.
+
+        Returns:
+            Bound TCP port.
+        """
+        if self._server is not None:
+            raise RuntimeError("RemoteTester server is already running.")
+
+        self.host = host
+        self._server = await asyncio.start_server(self._handle_client, host, port)
+        sock = self._server.sockets[0]
+        self.port = sock.getsockname()[1]
+        return self.port
+
+    async def _handle_client(
+        self, reader: asyncio.StreamReader, writer: asyncio.StreamWriter
+    ):
+        if self._reader is not None:
+            writer.close()
+            await writer.wait_closed()
+            return
+
+        self._reader = reader
+        self._writer = writer
+        self._closed.clear()
+        self._connected.set()
+        self._reader_task = asyncio.create_task(self._read_loop())
+
+        try:
+            await self._reader_task
+        finally:
+            self._cleanup_connection()
+
+    async def _read_loop(self):
+        assert self._reader is not None
+        reader = self._reader
+        max_frame_length = 64 * 1024 * 1024
+        while True:
+            try:
+                header = await reader.readexactly(4)
+            except asyncio.IncompleteReadError:
+                break
+            length = int.from_bytes(header, "big")
+            if length > max_frame_length:
+                raise ValueError("Incoming frame exceeds allowed size.")
+            try:
+                payload = await reader.readexactly(length)
+            except asyncio.IncompleteReadError:
+                break
+            message = json.loads(payload.decode("utf-8"))
+            self._dispatch_message(message)
+
+    def _dispatch_message(self, message: Any):
+        request_id = message.get("id")
+        future = self._pending.pop(request_id, None)
+        if future is None:
+            return
+        if "error" in message:
+            future.set_exception(
+                RemoteTesterError(message["error"], message.get("stack"))
+            )
+        else:
+            future.set_result(message.get("result"))
+
+    def _cleanup_connection(self):
+        for future in self._pending.values():
+            if not future.done():
+                future.set_exception(
+                    ConnectionError("Remote tester connection was closed.")
+                )
+        self._pending.clear()
+        self._reader = None
+        self._writer = None
+        self._reader_task = None
+        self._connected.clear()
+        self._closed.set()
+
+    async def stop(self):
+        """Stops the TCP server and releases any bound resources."""
+        if self._server is not None:
+            self._server.close()
+            await self._server.wait_closed()
+            self._server = None
+
+    async def _ensure_connected(self):
+        await self._connected.wait()
+        if self._writer is None:
+            raise ConnectionError("Remote tester is not connected.")
+
+    async def _invoke(
+        self,
+        method: str,
+        params: Optional[dict[str, Any]] = None,
+        timeout: Optional[float] = 60,
+    ):
+        await self._ensure_connected()
+        self._request_id += 1
+        request_id = self._request_id
+
+        loop = asyncio.get_running_loop()
+        future: asyncio.Future[Any] = loop.create_future()
+        self._pending[request_id] = future
+
+        payload: dict[str, Any] = {"id": request_id, "method": method}
+        if params:
+            payload["params"] = params
+
+        async with self._send_lock:
+            assert self._writer is not None
+            data = json.dumps(payload).encode("utf-8")
+            self._writer.write(len(data).to_bytes(4, "big") + data)
+            await self._writer.drain()
+
+        try:
+            if timeout is not None:
+                return await asyncio.wait_for(future, timeout=timeout)
+            return await future
+        except asyncio.TimeoutError:
+            self._pending.pop(request_id, None)
+            raise TimeoutError(
+                f"Timeout waiting for remote tester method {method}({params})"
+            ) from None
+
+    async def pump(self, duration: Optional[DurationValue] = None):
+        await self._invoke(
+            "pump", _with_optional("duration", _serialize_duration(duration))
+        )
+
+    async def pump_and_settle(self, duration: Optional[DurationValue] = None):
+        await self._invoke(
+            "pump_and_settle",
+            _with_optional("duration", _serialize_duration(duration)),
+        )
+
+    async def find_by_text(self, text: str) -> Finder:
+        finder = await self._invoke("find_by_text", {"text": text})
+        return Finder(**finder)
+
+    async def find_by_text_containing(self, pattern: str) -> Finder:
+        finder = await self._invoke("find_by_text_containing", {"pattern": pattern})
+        return Finder(**finder)
+
+    async def find_by_key(self, key: KeyValue) -> Finder:
+        finder = await self._invoke("find_by_key", {"key": _serialize_key(key)})
+        return Finder(**finder)
+
+    async def find_by_tooltip(self, value: str) -> Finder:
+        finder = await self._invoke("find_by_tooltip", {"value": value})
+        return Finder(**finder)
+
+    async def find_by_icon(self, icon: IconData) -> Finder:
+        finder = await self._invoke("find_by_icon", {"icon": _serialize_icon(icon)})
+        return Finder(**finder)
+
+    async def take_screenshot(self, name: str) -> bytes:
+        data = await self._invoke("take_screenshot", {"name": name})
+        return base64.b64decode(data)
+
+    async def tap(self, finder: Finder):
+        await self._invoke("tap", _finder_params(finder))
+
+    async def long_press(self, finder: Finder):
+        await self._invoke("long_press", _finder_params(finder))
+
+    async def enter_text(self, finder: Finder, text: str):
+        await self._invoke("enter_text", {**_finder_params(finder), "text": text})
+
+    async def mouse_hover(self, finder: Finder):
+        await self._invoke("mouse_hover", _finder_params(finder))
+
+    async def teardown(self, timeout: Optional[float] = None):
+        if not self.is_connected():
+            return
+        try:
+            await self._invoke("teardown")
+        finally:
+            await self.wait_closed()
+
+    async def wait_closed(self):
+        await self._closed.wait()
+
+    def is_connected(self) -> bool:
+        return self._connected.is_set()
+
+    async def wait_for_connection(self, timeout: Optional[float] = None):
+        if timeout is not None:
+            await asyncio.wait_for(self._connected.wait(), timeout)
+        else:
+            await self._connected.wait()
+
+
+def _finder_params(finder: Finder) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    return {"finder_id": finder.id, "finder_index": finder.index}
+
+
+def _with_optional(key: str, value: Any) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    return {key: value} if value is not None else {}
+
+
+def _serialize_duration(duration: Optional[DurationValue]) -> Any:
+    if duration is None:
+        return None
+    if is_dataclass(duration) and not isinstance(duration, type):
+        return asdict(duration)
+    if isinstance(duration, (int, float)):
+        return int(duration)
+    return duration
+
+
+def _serialize_key(value: KeyValue) -> Any:
+    if value is None:
+        return None
+    if is_dataclass(value) and not isinstance(value, type):
+        return asdict(value)
+    return value
+
+
+def _serialize_icon(icon: IconData) -> Any:
+    if icon is None:
+        return None
+    if hasattr(icon, "value"):
+        return int(icon)
+    return icon
diff --git a/sdk/python/templates/app/app/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pyproject.toml b/sdk/python/templates/app/app/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pyproject.toml
index 28ce4eda91..09a0e12e24 100644
--- a/sdk/python/templates/app/app/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pyproject.toml
+++ b/sdk/python/templates/app/app/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pyproject.toml
@@ -16,8 +16,15 @@ dev = [
     "flet-cli>={{cookiecutter.flet_version}}",
     "flet-desktop>={{cookiecutter.flet_version}}",
     "flet-web>={{cookiecutter.flet_version}}",
+    # Integration testing with `flet test` / pytest. The `test` extra brings in
+    # pytest, pytest-asyncio and the screenshot-comparison dependencies.
+    "flet[test]>={{cookiecutter.flet_version}}",
 ]
 
+[tool.pytest.ini_options]
+asyncio_mode = "auto"
+testpaths = ["tests"]
+
 [tool.flet]
 {%- if cookiecutter.platform == "linux" %}
 desktop_flavor = "light"    # Change to "full" to use flet-audio and flet-video
diff --git a/sdk/python/templates/app/app/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/src/main.py b/sdk/python/templates/app/app/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/src/main.py
index f8dda08180..9e936e3966 100644
--- a/sdk/python/templates/app/app/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/src/main.py
+++ b/sdk/python/templates/app/app/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/src/main.py
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ def increment_click(e):
         counter.value = str(counter.data)
 
     page.floating_action_button = ft.FloatingActionButton(
-        icon=ft.Icons.ADD, on_click=increment_click
+        icon=ft.Icons.ADD, key="increment", on_click=increment_click
     )
     page.add(
         ft.SafeArea(
diff --git a/sdk/python/templates/app/app/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/tests/test_main.py b/sdk/python/templates/app/app/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/tests/test_main.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..858e8fef00
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sdk/python/templates/app/app/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/tests/test_main.py
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+import flet.testing as ftt
+
+
+async def test_increment(flet_app: ftt.FletTestApp):
+    """Counter sample: tap the FAB and assert the counter goes 0 -> 1.
+
+    The `flet_app` fixture is provided automatically by the flet pytest plugin.
+    Run with `flet test` (or `uv run pytest`) from the project directory.
+    """
+    tester = flet_app.tester
+
+    await tester.pump_and_settle()
+
+    # Initial state
+    assert (await tester.find_by_text("0")).count == 1
+
+    # Tap the increment button (found by its key) and let the UI settle
+    await tester.tap(await tester.find_by_key("increment"))
+    await tester.pump_and_settle()
+
+    # New state
+    assert (await tester.find_by_text("1")).count == 1
diff --git a/sdk/python/templates/build/cookiecutter.json b/sdk/python/templates/build/cookiecutter.json
index b67704878b..7b90eb8ebc 100644
--- a/sdk/python/templates/build/cookiecutter.json
+++ b/sdk/python/templates/build/cookiecutter.json
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
     "pwa_background_color": "#FFFFFF",
     "pwa_theme_color": "#0175C2",
     "split_per_abi": false,
+    "test_mode": false,
     "no_cdn": false,
     "no_wasm": false,
     "pyodide_version": "",
diff --git a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/integration_test/app_test.dart b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/integration_test/app_test.dart
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8b72031526
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/integration_test/app_test.dart
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+{% if cookiecutter.test_mode %}import 'package:flet/testing.dart';
+import 'package:{{ cookiecutter.project_name }}/main.dart' as app;
+
+// Device-mode integration test entry point. The app under test runs on-device
+// with embedded Python over dart_bridge; a RemoteWidgetTester drives it over a
+// raw socket connected to the pytest RemoteTester server (FLET_TEST_SERVER_URL).
+void main() => runFletDeviceTest(appMain: app.main);
+{% endif %}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml
index 4019c41dfe..e63be4173a 100644
--- a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml
+++ b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml
@@ -57,6 +57,12 @@ dev_dependencies:
   flutter_launcher_icons: ^0.14.1
   flutter_native_splash: ^2.4.1
   flutter_lints: ^2.0.0
+{% if cookiecutter.test_mode %}
+  flutter_test:
+    sdk: flutter
+  integration_test:
+    sdk: flutter
+{% endif %}
 
 flutter:
 
diff --git a/website/docs/cli/flet-test.md b/website/docs/cli/flet-test.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2a478b2003
--- /dev/null
+++ b/website/docs/cli/flet-test.md
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+---
+title: "flet test"
+---
+
+import CliTest from '@site/.crocodocs/cli-test.mdx';
+
+<CliTest />
diff --git a/website/docs/getting-started/integration-testing.md b/website/docs/getting-started/integration-testing.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..795f0725cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/website/docs/getting-started/integration-testing.md
@@ -0,0 +1,396 @@
+---
+title: "Integration testing"
+---
+
+import TabItem from '@theme/TabItem';
+import Tabs from '@theme/Tabs';
+
+Flet lets you write **integration tests** for your app and run them with the
+[`flet test`](../cli/flet-test.md) command. Tests drive your app the same way a
+user would — finding controls by key or text, tapping buttons, entering text and
+asserting the resulting UI — while the app runs **on the target device** exactly
+as it ships: a built monolithic app with embedded Python.
+
+Tests are written with [`pytest`](https://docs.pytest.org), so everything you
+already know about pytest (fixtures, parametrization, markers, `-k` filtering)
+just works.
+
+:::note[Prerequisites]
+`flet test` builds and runs your app the same way [`flet build`](../cli/flet-build.md)
+does, so the [Flutter SDK and build prerequisites](../publish/index.md) must be
+installed. The first run provisions a test host (and downloads the SDK if
+needed), which is slow; subsequent runs are cached and fast.
+:::
+
+## Where tests live
+
+Put your tests in a `tests/` directory at the **root of your app** — a sibling of
+`src/`, not inside it (`src/` is what gets packaged into the on-device app; your
+test code stays on the host and drives the app):
+
+```
+my_app/
+├── pyproject.toml
+├── src/
+│   └── main.py          # your app
+└── tests/
+    └── test_main.py     # your tests
+```
+
+A new app created with [`flet create`](../cli/flet-create.md) already includes a
+`tests/` folder with a sample test and the required pytest configuration in
+`pyproject.toml`:
+
+```toml
+[tool.pytest.ini_options]
+asyncio_mode = "auto"
+testpaths = ["tests"]
+```
+
+## Enabling tests in an existing app
+
+If your app wasn't created with `flet create`, enable testing by editing its
+`pyproject.toml`.
+
+**1. Add the test dependencies** to your development dependencies. The
+`flet[test]` extra brings in `pytest`, `pytest-asyncio` and the
+screenshot-comparison libraries:
+
+<Tabs groupId="uv--pip">
+<TabItem value="uv" label="uv">
+```toml
+[dependency-groups]
+dev = [
+    # ...your existing dev dependencies...
+    "flet[test]",
+]
+```
+</TabItem>
+<TabItem value="pip" label="pip">
+```toml
+[project.optional-dependencies]
+dev = [
+    # ...your existing dev dependencies...
+    "flet[test]",
+]
+```
+</TabItem>
+</Tabs>
+
+**2. Configure pytest.** `asyncio_mode = "auto"` is **required** — it runs each
+async test on the same event loop as the `flet_app` fixture:
+
+```toml
+[tool.pytest.ini_options]
+asyncio_mode = "auto"
+testpaths = ["tests"]
+```
+
+**3. Create a `tests/` directory** and add your first test (see
+[Writing a test](#writing-a-test) below).
+
+## Writing a test
+
+Test functions are `async` and receive the `flet_app` fixture, which starts your
+app and exposes a **tester** to drive it. Each test gets a **fresh app
+instance**, so tests are independent and can run in any order.
+
+Here is the counter sample (`tests/test_main.py`) that `flet create` generates:
+
+```python title="tests/test_main.py"
+import flet.testing as ftt
+
+
+async def test_increment(flet_app: ftt.FletTestApp):
+    tester = flet_app.tester
+
+    await tester.pump_and_settle()
+
+    # Initial state
+    assert (await tester.find_by_text("0")).count == 1
+
+    # Tap the increment button (found by its key) and let the UI update
+    await tester.tap(await tester.find_by_key("increment"))
+    await tester.pump_and_settle()
+
+    # New state
+    assert (await tester.find_by_text("1")).count == 1
+```
+
+The matching app gives the button a `key` so the test can find it reliably:
+
+```python title="src/main.py"
+import flet as ft
+
+
+def main(page: ft.Page):
+    counter = ft.Text("0", size=50, data=0)
+
+    def increment_click(e):
+        counter.data += 1
+        counter.value = str(counter.data)
+
+    page.floating_action_button = ft.FloatingActionButton(
+        icon=ft.Icons.ADD, key="increment", on_click=increment_click
+    )
+    page.add(
+        ft.SafeArea(
+            expand=True,
+            content=ft.Container(content=counter, alignment=ft.Alignment.CENTER),
+        )
+    )
+
+
+ft.run(main)
+```
+
+:::tip
+Give controls you want to test a stable [`key`](../cookbook/control-refs.md) and
+find them with `find_by_key()`. It's more robust than matching on text, which can
+change with localization or formatting.
+:::
+
+## The tester API
+
+`flet_app.tester` finds controls and drives interactions. **Finder** methods
+return a `Finder`; **action** methods take a `Finder`; and **pump** methods let
+the UI advance. All methods are awaitable.
+
+### Finding controls
+
+| Method | Finds controls by |
+| --- | --- |
+| `find_by_key(key)` | their `key` |
+| `find_by_text(text)` | exact text |
+| `find_by_text_containing(pattern)` | a regular-expression match on text |
+| `find_by_icon(icon)` | their icon (e.g. `ft.Icons.ADD`) |
+| `find_by_tooltip(value)` | tooltip text |
+
+A `Finder` reports how many controls matched and lets you pick one:
+
+```python
+finder = await tester.find_by_text("Item")
+assert finder.count == 3          # number of matches
+await tester.tap(finder.first)    # first match
+await tester.tap(finder.last)     # last match
+await tester.tap(finder.at(1))    # match at index 1
+```
+
+### Interacting
+
+| Method | Action |
+| --- | --- |
+| `tap(finder)` | tap a control |
+| `long_press(finder)` | long-press a control |
+| `enter_text(finder, text)` | type text into a field |
+| `mouse_hover(finder)` | hover the mouse over a control |
+
+### Pumping
+
+The UI doesn't update instantly after an interaction. Call `pump_and_settle()`
+to let the app process events and render the result before asserting:
+
+```python
+await tester.tap(await tester.find_by_key("submit"))
+await tester.pump_and_settle()
+assert (await tester.find_by_text("Done")).count == 1
+```
+
+Use `pump(duration=...)` to advance by a fixed amount when you don't want to wait
+for everything to settle.
+
+## Screenshot testing
+
+On **Android and iOS** you can capture a full-screen screenshot of the running
+app and compare it against a committed *golden* (reference) image — useful for
+catching visual regressions. Full-screen capture is a device feature, so this is
+**not available on desktop**.
+
+`tester.take_screenshot(name)` captures the screen as PNG bytes, and
+`flet_app.assert_screenshot(name, bytes)` compares them against the golden image,
+failing the test if they differ beyond a similarity threshold (≈99% by default):
+
+```python
+async def test_home_screen(flet_app: ftt.FletTestApp):
+    tester = flet_app.tester
+    await tester.pump_and_settle()
+
+    flet_app.assert_screenshot("home", await tester.take_screenshot("home"))
+```
+
+Golden images are **platform-specific** and stored next to your tests, under
+`tests/golden/<platform>/<test_file>/<name>.png` — commit them to your repository.
+
+To record the goldens the first time (or update them after an intentional UI
+change), run with `-u` (`--update-goldens`). This writes the captured screenshots
+as the new reference **instead of** comparing:
+
+<Tabs groupId="uv--pip">
+<TabItem value="uv" label="uv">
+```bash
+uv run flet test android --device-id emulator-5554 -u
+```
+</TabItem>
+<TabItem value="pip" label="pip">
+```bash
+flet test android --device-id emulator-5554 -u
+```
+</TabItem>
+</Tabs>
+
+:::tip
+Render each screenshot on the same device/emulator you record its golden on —
+different screen sizes and densities produce different pixels.
+:::
+
+## Running tests
+
+### On desktop
+
+From your app directory, run [`flet test`](../cli/flet-test.md). With no
+arguments it targets the **current desktop** platform:
+
+<Tabs groupId="uv--pip">
+<TabItem value="uv" label="uv">
+```bash
+uv run flet test
+```
+</TabItem>
+<TabItem value="pip" label="pip">
+```bash
+flet test
+```
+</TabItem>
+</Tabs>
+
+### On a mobile emulator/simulator or device
+
+First, make sure a device is running. Use
+[`flet emulators`](../cli/flet-emulators.md) to list available emulators and
+start one, then [`flet devices`](../cli/flet-devices.md) to get the id of a
+running device:
+
+<Tabs groupId="uv--pip">
+<TabItem value="uv" label="uv">
+```bash
+uv run flet emulators              # list available emulators
+uv run flet emulators start <id>   # start an emulator
+uv run flet devices                # list running devices and their ids
+```
+</TabItem>
+<TabItem value="pip" label="pip">
+```bash
+flet emulators              # list available emulators
+flet emulators start <id>   # start an emulator
+flet devices                # list running devices and their ids
+```
+</TabItem>
+</Tabs>
+
+Then pass the platform as the first argument and the device id with
+`--device-id` (`-d`):
+
+<Tabs groupId="uv--pip">
+<TabItem value="uv" label="uv">
+```bash
+uv run flet test android --device-id emulator-5554
+uv run flet test ios --device-id <simulator-id>
+```
+</TabItem>
+<TabItem value="pip" label="pip">
+```bash
+flet test android --device-id emulator-5554
+flet test ios --device-id <simulator-id>
+```
+</TabItem>
+</Tabs>
+
+### Useful options
+
+| Option | Description |
+| --- | --- |
+| `[platform]` | `macos`, `linux`, `windows`, `ios`, `android` (defaults to the current desktop) |
+| `-d`, `--device-id` | Target device/emulator id (required for `ios`/`android`) |
+| `-k <expr>` | Only run tests matching a pytest keyword expression |
+| `--tests-dir <dir>` | Directory containing the tests (default: `tests`) |
+| `-v` | Verbose — stream the underlying Flutter build/launch output |
+
+### Running specific tests
+
+Use `-k` to run only the tests matching a pytest keyword expression — handy while
+iterating on a single test:
+
+<Tabs groupId="uv--pip">
+<TabItem value="uv" label="uv">
+```bash
+uv run flet test -k test_screenshot
+```
+</TabItem>
+<TabItem value="pip" label="pip">
+```bash
+flet test -k test_screenshot
+```
+</TabItem>
+</Tabs>
+
+`-k` accepts the full pytest expression syntax, e.g. `-k screenshot`,
+`-k "increment or screenshot"`, or `-k "not slow"`.
+
+When [running with pytest directly](#running-with-pytest-directly) you can also
+select a test by its node id:
+
+```bash
+uv run pytest tests/test_main.py::test_increment   # a single test
+uv run pytest tests/test_main.py                   # one file
+```
+
+### Running with pytest directly
+
+Because tests are plain pytest, you can also run them with `pytest`. The Flet
+pytest plugin provisions the test host on demand, so this works without running
+`flet test` first (it targets the current desktop platform):
+
+<Tabs groupId="uv--pip">
+<TabItem value="uv" label="uv">
+```bash
+uv run pytest
+```
+</TabItem>
+<TabItem value="pip" label="pip">
+```bash
+pytest
+```
+</TabItem>
+</Tabs>
+
+To see the live build/launch output (and the app's `debugPrint`s) while running
+under pytest, enable CLI logging at debug level:
+
+```bash
+uv run pytest -s -o log_cli=true -o log_cli_level=DEBUG
+```
+
+`pytest` has no options of its own for the device target or goldens, so the
+`flet test` options map to environment variables:
+
+| `flet test` option | Environment variable |
+| --- | --- |
+| `[platform]` | `FLET_TEST_PLATFORM` (e.g. `ios`, `android`) |
+| `-d`, `--device-id` | `FLET_TEST_DEVICE` |
+| `-u`, `--update-goldens` | `FLET_TEST_GOLDEN=1` |
+
+```bash
+# run on an iOS simulator and (re)record golden screenshots
+FLET_TEST_PLATFORM=ios FLET_TEST_DEVICE=<simulator-id> FLET_TEST_GOLDEN=1 uv run pytest
+```
+
+When unset, `pytest` targets the current desktop platform and compares (rather
+than records) screenshots.
+
+:::note[How it works]
+`flet test` provisions a Flutter test host from your app (the same pipeline as
+`flet build`), embeds your Python code, and runs it on the device. The test code
+runs on your computer and drives the on-device app over an independent channel —
+so you're testing your app exactly as it ships, including the embedded Python
+runtime, not a simulated approximation.
+:::
diff --git a/website/sidebars.js b/website/sidebars.js
index 4118a47cc4..2e53420fbf 100644
--- a/website/sidebars.js
+++ b/website/sidebars.js
@@ -25,6 +25,10 @@ module.exports = {
           "type": "doc",
           "id": "getting-started/running-app"
         },
+        {
+          "type": "doc",
+          "id": "getting-started/integration-testing"
+        },
         {
           "type": "doc",
           "id": "getting-started/testing-on-mobile"
@@ -3896,6 +3900,11 @@ module.exports = {
               "type": "doc",
               "id": "cli/flet-serve",
               "label": "flet serve"
+            },
+            {
+              "type": "doc",
+              "id": "cli/flet-test",
+              "label": "flet test"
             }
           ],
           "link": {
diff --git a/website/sidebars.yml b/website/sidebars.yml
index 10ad4f70da..18f2f5158a 100644
--- a/website/sidebars.yml
+++ b/website/sidebars.yml
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ docs:
   - getting-started/installation.md
   - getting-started/create-flet-app.md
   - getting-started/running-app.md
+  - getting-started/integration-testing.md
   - getting-started/testing-on-mobile.md
   Tutorials:
   - Calculator: tutorials/calculator.md
@@ -854,6 +855,7 @@ docs:
       flet publish: cli/flet-publish.md
       flet run: cli/flet-run.md
       flet serve: cli/flet-serve.md
+      flet test: cli/flet-test.md
     Python packages built in Flet: reference/binary-packages-android-ios.md
     Environment Variables: reference/environment-variables.md
 

From d329c2cb6ebd332fbd94ce0875d492ae6123c407 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Mon, 15 Jun 2026 13:52:22 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 28/60] fix(testing): extract integration-test driver into
 flet_integration_test package
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

`dart pub publish --dry-run` for `packages/flet` failed: its lib/ imported the
dev-only `flutter_test`/`integration_test` packages, which pub forbids (packages
used in lib/ must be in `dependencies`). Putting the driver inside `flet` was the
wrong call — it can't ship to pub.dev that way.

Move the concrete Flutter driver (flutter_tester, flutter_test_finder,
device_test, host_test, remote_widget_tester, frame_decoder) into a new
`packages/flet_integration_test` package (publish_to: none) that depends on flet
+ integration_test. flet's published lib/ no longer references any test-only
package; the abstract Tester/TestFinder interfaces stay in flet as before.

- packages/flet: drop integration_test dev-dep, remove lib/testing.dart entry.
- packages/flet_integration_test: new package; cross-package imports of
  Tester/TestFinder/Lock collapse to package:flet/flet.dart; redundant dart:io
  imports dropped (flet re-exports it). Standard Flutter .gitignore.
- client + build template: import package:flet_integration_test instead of
  package:flet/testing.dart; add it as a path dev-dependency (test_mode-gated in
  the template).
- build_base: for local dev, rewrite the flet_integration_test path the same way
  it already rewrites flet (it's publish_to:none, only resolvable from the repo).

Verified: flet `pub publish --dry-run` passes; flet_integration_test and client
integration_test analyze clean.
---
 client/integration_test/app_test.dart         |  2 +-
 client/pubspec.lock                           |  7 ++++
 client/pubspec.yaml                           |  4 +++
 packages/flet/lib/testing.dart                | 14 --------
 packages/flet/pubspec.yaml                    |  2 --
 packages/flet_integration_test/.gitignore     | 32 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../analysis_options.yaml                     |  4 +++
 .../lib/flet_integration_test.dart            | 14 ++++++++
 .../lib/src}/device_test.dart                 |  0
 .../lib/src}/flutter_test_finder.dart         |  2 +-
 .../lib/src}/flutter_tester.dart              |  4 +--
 .../lib/src}/frame_decoder.dart               |  0
 .../lib/src}/host_test.dart                   |  3 +-
 .../lib/src}/remote_widget_tester.dart        |  3 +-
 packages/flet_integration_test/pubspec.yaml   | 27 ++++++++++++++++
 .../src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py       | 14 ++++++++
 .../integration_test/app_test.dart            |  2 +-
 .../{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml     |  7 ++--
 18 files changed, 113 insertions(+), 28 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 packages/flet/lib/testing.dart
 create mode 100644 packages/flet_integration_test/.gitignore
 create mode 100644 packages/flet_integration_test/analysis_options.yaml
 create mode 100644 packages/flet_integration_test/lib/flet_integration_test.dart
 rename packages/{flet/lib/src/testing/flutter => flet_integration_test/lib/src}/device_test.dart (100%)
 rename packages/{flet/lib/src/testing/flutter => flet_integration_test/lib/src}/flutter_test_finder.dart (90%)
 rename packages/{flet/lib/src/testing/flutter => flet_integration_test/lib/src}/flutter_tester.dart (98%)
 rename packages/{flet/lib/src/testing/flutter => flet_integration_test/lib/src}/frame_decoder.dart (100%)
 rename packages/{flet/lib/src/testing/flutter => flet_integration_test/lib/src}/host_test.dart (98%)
 rename packages/{flet/lib/src/testing/flutter => flet_integration_test/lib/src}/remote_widget_tester.dart (99%)
 create mode 100644 packages/flet_integration_test/pubspec.yaml

diff --git a/client/integration_test/app_test.dart b/client/integration_test/app_test.dart
index 3951465f44..252ec74407 100644
--- a/client/integration_test/app_test.dart
+++ b/client/integration_test/app_test.dart
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import 'package:flet/testing.dart';
+import 'package:flet_integration_test/flet_integration_test.dart';
 import 'package:flet_client/main.dart' as app;
 
 void main() => runFletHostTest(
diff --git a/client/pubspec.lock b/client/pubspec.lock
index 30b9cf07bc..6cf32e8355 100644
--- a/client/pubspec.lock
+++ b/client/pubspec.lock
@@ -430,6 +430,13 @@ packages:
       relative: true
     source: path
     version: "0.1.0"
+  flet_integration_test:
+    dependency: "direct dev"
+    description:
+      path: "../packages/flet_integration_test"
+      relative: true
+    source: path
+    version: "0.86.0"
   flet_lottie:
     dependency: "direct main"
     description:
diff --git a/client/pubspec.yaml b/client/pubspec.yaml
index 09a7815bfa..931771f0f3 100644
--- a/client/pubspec.yaml
+++ b/client/pubspec.yaml
@@ -106,6 +106,10 @@ dev_dependencies:
   flutter_test:
     sdk: flutter
 
+  # Flet integration-test driver (used by integration_test/app_test.dart).
+  flet_integration_test:
+    path: ../packages/flet_integration_test
+
   # The "flutter_lints" package below contains a set of recommended lints to
   # encourage good coding practices. The lint set provided by the package is
   # activated in the `analysis_options.yaml` file located at the root of your
diff --git a/packages/flet/lib/testing.dart b/packages/flet/lib/testing.dart
deleted file mode 100644
index a27df274a5..0000000000
--- a/packages/flet/lib/testing.dart
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-/// Flet integration-testing driver.
-///
-/// This library is intentionally NOT exported from `package:flet/flet.dart`
-/// because it depends on the dev-only `flutter_test` and `integration_test`
-/// packages. Import it only from a Flutter integration test (under
-/// `integration_test/`), where those packages are available as dev
-/// dependencies.
-library flet.testing;
-
-export 'src/testing/flutter/device_test.dart';
-export 'src/testing/flutter/flutter_test_finder.dart';
-export 'src/testing/flutter/flutter_tester.dart';
-export 'src/testing/flutter/host_test.dart';
-export 'src/testing/flutter/remote_widget_tester.dart';
diff --git a/packages/flet/pubspec.yaml b/packages/flet/pubspec.yaml
index 1b10dc8f59..3a5a277f1f 100644
--- a/packages/flet/pubspec.yaml
+++ b/packages/flet/pubspec.yaml
@@ -58,6 +58,4 @@ dependencies:
 dev_dependencies:
   flutter_test:
     sdk: flutter
-  integration_test:
-    sdk: flutter
   flutter_lints: ^3.0.1
diff --git a/packages/flet_integration_test/.gitignore b/packages/flet_integration_test/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..35ee281d14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/flet_integration_test/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+# Miscellaneous
+*.class
+*.log
+*.pyc
+*.swp
+.DS_Store
+.atom/
+.buildlog/
+.history
+.svn/
+migrate_working_dir/
+
+# IntelliJ related
+*.iml
+*.ipr
+*.iws
+.idea/
+
+# The .vscode folder contains launch configuration and tasks you configure in
+# VS Code which you may wish to be included in version control, so this line
+# is commented out by default.
+#.vscode/
+
+# Flutter/Dart/Pub related
+# Libraries should not include pubspec.lock, per https://dart.dev/guides/libraries/private-files#pubspeclock.
+/pubspec.lock
+**/doc/api/
+.dart_tool/
+.packages
+build/
+.flutter-plugins
+.flutter-plugins-dependencies
diff --git a/packages/flet_integration_test/analysis_options.yaml b/packages/flet_integration_test/analysis_options.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a5744c1cfb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/flet_integration_test/analysis_options.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+include: package:flutter_lints/flutter.yaml
+
+# Additional information about this file can be found at
+# https://dart.dev/guides/language/analysis-options
diff --git a/packages/flet_integration_test/lib/flet_integration_test.dart b/packages/flet_integration_test/lib/flet_integration_test.dart
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..eb0e7ce1f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/flet_integration_test/lib/flet_integration_test.dart
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+/// Flet integration-testing driver.
+///
+/// This is a separate package (not part of `package:flet`) because it depends
+/// on the dev-only `flutter_test` and `integration_test` packages, which must
+/// never enter a normal Flet app's runtime dependency graph. Depend on it only
+/// from a Flutter integration test (under `integration_test/`), where those
+/// packages are available.
+library flet_integration_test;
+
+export 'src/device_test.dart';
+export 'src/flutter_test_finder.dart';
+export 'src/flutter_tester.dart';
+export 'src/host_test.dart';
+export 'src/remote_widget_tester.dart';
diff --git a/packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/device_test.dart b/packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/device_test.dart
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/device_test.dart
rename to packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/device_test.dart
diff --git a/packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/flutter_test_finder.dart b/packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/flutter_test_finder.dart
similarity index 90%
rename from packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/flutter_test_finder.dart
rename to packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/flutter_test_finder.dart
index 21de31941b..ee356ef421 100644
--- a/packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/flutter_test_finder.dart
+++ b/packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/flutter_test_finder.dart
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // ignore_for_file: depend_on_referenced_packages
 import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';
 
-import '../test_finder.dart';
+import 'package:flet/flet.dart';
 
 class FlutterTestFinder extends TestFinder {
   final Finder finder;
diff --git a/packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/flutter_tester.dart b/packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/flutter_tester.dart
similarity index 98%
rename from packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/flutter_tester.dart
rename to packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/flutter_tester.dart
index 4b487002f3..d94f55ebb3 100644
--- a/packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/flutter_tester.dart
+++ b/packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/flutter_tester.dart
@@ -7,9 +7,7 @@ import 'package:flutter/widgets.dart';
 import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';
 import 'package:integration_test/integration_test.dart';
 
-import '../../utils/lock.dart';
-import '../test_finder.dart';
-import '../tester.dart';
+import 'package:flet/flet.dart';
 import 'flutter_test_finder.dart';
 
 class FlutterWidgetTester implements Tester {
diff --git a/packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/frame_decoder.dart b/packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/frame_decoder.dart
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/frame_decoder.dart
rename to packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/frame_decoder.dart
diff --git a/packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/host_test.dart b/packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/host_test.dart
similarity index 98%
rename from packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/host_test.dart
rename to packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/host_test.dart
index 6297ff16f9..9efe3294a9 100644
--- a/packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/host_test.dart
+++ b/packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/host_test.dart
@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
 // ignore_for_file: depend_on_referenced_packages
-import 'dart:io';
 
 import 'package:flutter/foundation.dart';
 import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';
 import 'package:integration_test/integration_test.dart';
 
-import '../tester.dart';
+import 'package:flet/flet.dart';
 import 'flutter_tester.dart';
 
 /// Runs an integration test in "host" mode: the Flet app under test runs in a
diff --git a/packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/remote_widget_tester.dart b/packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/remote_widget_tester.dart
similarity index 99%
rename from packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/remote_widget_tester.dart
rename to packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/remote_widget_tester.dart
index 2982e9772e..03cbbb9471 100644
--- a/packages/flet/lib/src/testing/flutter/remote_widget_tester.dart
+++ b/packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/remote_widget_tester.dart
@@ -2,14 +2,13 @@
 // ignore_for_file: non_const_argument_for_const_parameter
 import 'dart:async';
 import 'dart:convert';
-import 'dart:io';
 import 'dart:typed_data';
 
 import 'package:flutter/widgets.dart';
 import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';
 import 'package:integration_test/integration_test.dart';
 
-import '../test_finder.dart';
+import 'package:flet/flet.dart';
 import 'flutter_test_finder.dart';
 import 'flutter_tester.dart';
 import 'frame_decoder.dart';
diff --git a/packages/flet_integration_test/pubspec.yaml b/packages/flet_integration_test/pubspec.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..659a03d9d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/flet_integration_test/pubspec.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+name: flet_integration_test
+description: Driver for running Flet app integration tests on-device. Internal Flet tooling, not published to pub.dev.
+homepage: https://flet.dev
+repository: https://github.com/flet-dev/flet/tree/main/packages/flet_integration_test
+version: 0.86.0
+publish_to: none
+
+environment:
+  sdk: '>=3.0.0 <4.0.0'
+
+dependencies:
+  flutter:
+    sdk: flutter
+  flet:
+    path: ../flet
+  # integration_test ships the on-device test binding used by the driver, so it
+  # is a regular dependency (the test host that depends on this package needs it
+  # on-device).
+  integration_test:
+    sdk: flutter
+
+dev_dependencies:
+  flutter_test:
+    sdk: flutter
+  flutter_lints: ^3.0.1
+
+flutter:
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py
index 33bdde49d7..bf36cb2705 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py
@@ -1386,6 +1386,20 @@ def create_flutter_project(self, second_pass=False):
                     pubspec.setdefault("dependency_overrides", {})["flet"] = {
                         "path": flet_pkg_path
                     }
+                    # The test host (test_mode) depends on flet_integration_test,
+                    # which is publish_to:none and only resolvable from the repo.
+                    # Point it (and its own flet path dep, via override) at the
+                    # local checkout.
+                    if "flet_integration_test" in pubspec.get("dev_dependencies", {}):
+                        fit_pkg_path = str(
+                            repo_root / "packages" / "flet_integration_test"
+                        )
+                        pubspec["dev_dependencies"]["flet_integration_test"] = {
+                            "path": fit_pkg_path
+                        }
+                        pubspec.setdefault("dependency_overrides", {})[
+                            "flet_integration_test"
+                        ] = {"path": fit_pkg_path}
                     self.save_yaml(self.pubspec_path, pubspec)
 
             pyproject_pubspec = self.get_pyproject("tool.flet.flutter.pubspec")
diff --git a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/integration_test/app_test.dart b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/integration_test/app_test.dart
index 8b72031526..9a7fa7fd77 100644
--- a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/integration_test/app_test.dart
+++ b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/integration_test/app_test.dart
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-{% if cookiecutter.test_mode %}import 'package:flet/testing.dart';
+{% if cookiecutter.test_mode %}import 'package:flet_integration_test/flet_integration_test.dart';
 import 'package:{{ cookiecutter.project_name }}/main.dart' as app;
 
 // Device-mode integration test entry point. The app under test runs on-device
diff --git a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml
index e63be4173a..d96e88b62d 100644
--- a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml
+++ b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml
@@ -60,8 +60,11 @@ dev_dependencies:
 {% if cookiecutter.test_mode %}
   flutter_test:
     sdk: flutter
-  integration_test:
-    sdk: flutter
+  # Flet integration-test driver. Pulls in `integration_test` transitively and
+  # provides the on-device RemoteWidgetTester used by integration_test/app_test.dart.
+  # This package is publish_to:none; flet-cli rewrites the path for local dev.
+  flet_integration_test:
+    path: ../../../../../packages/flet_integration_test
 {% endif %}
 
 flutter:

From e1b92a5cc7dc42b970b7aa7a10f024d76f9334b3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Mon, 15 Jun 2026 14:19:55 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 29/60] fix(testing): inject test driver at build time instead
 of templating it
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

The build template referenced flet_integration_test by a repo-relative path
gated with a Jinja `{% if %}` block. That broke two things for the released
(zipped) template:

1. The release pipeline patches the template pubspec with patch_pubspec_version.py,
   which does a yaml.safe_load round-trip. The uncommented `{% if %}` block made
   the pubspec invalid YAML, so the patch/zip step would fail on tag.
2. A repo-relative path can't resolve once the template is zipped and shipped.

Stop putting the test dependencies in the template pubspec. flet-cli now injects
them after rendering (build_base.create_flutter_project), gated on test_mode:
- local dev: flet_integration_test by path (+ dependency_override), like flet.
- end user: flet_integration_test as a git dependency pinned to this flet
  version's tag (the package is publish_to:none, never on pub.dev) — consistent
  with how the template already pulls serious_python from git.

The template pubspec is now plain valid YAML again (the patch tooling round-trips
it cleanly) and a normal `flet build` never pulls the test driver.

flet_integration_test depends on flet by version (not path) with a local
dependency_override, so flet unifies to a single source across the graph whether
it's consumed by path (repo) or git (user); flutter_test becomes a regular dep so
test hosts get it transitively.

Verified: template pubspec parses; patch_pubspec_version.py round-trips it in both
release and dev modes; `flet test` provisioning injects the deps and
`flutter pub get` resolves; flet_integration_test analyzes clean.
---
 packages/flet_integration_test/pubspec.yaml   | 25 ++++++++---
 .../src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py       | 45 +++++++++++++------
 .../{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml     | 13 ++----
 3 files changed, 53 insertions(+), 30 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/flet_integration_test/pubspec.yaml b/packages/flet_integration_test/pubspec.yaml
index 659a03d9d0..6ab6cb745b 100644
--- a/packages/flet_integration_test/pubspec.yaml
+++ b/packages/flet_integration_test/pubspec.yaml
@@ -11,17 +11,28 @@ environment:
 dependencies:
   flutter:
     sdk: flutter
-  flet:
-    path: ../flet
-  # integration_test ships the on-device test binding used by the driver, so it
-  # is a regular dependency (the test host that depends on this package needs it
-  # on-device).
+  # flet is depended on by VERSION (not path) so that when this package is
+  # consumed — as a path dep in repo dev or a git dep in an end user's test host
+  # — flet resolves to the SAME source as the app's flet (the app's
+  # dependency_overrides win for the whole graph). A path here would pin a second
+  # flet source and conflict with the app's pub.dev flet.
+  flet: ^0.86.0
+  # integration_test (on-device test binding) and flutter_test (WidgetTester) are
+  # regular dependencies, not dev: this is a test-helper package, so consumers
+  # that depend on it get both transitively for `flutter test`.
   integration_test:
     sdk: flutter
-
-dev_dependencies:
   flutter_test:
     sdk: flutter
+
+dev_dependencies:
   flutter_lints: ^3.0.1
 
+# Only used when this package is the root (standalone analyze / repo dev): build
+# the driver against the in-repo flet rather than a published version. Ignored
+# when this package is consumed as a dependency.
+dependency_overrides:
+  flet:
+    path: ../flet
+
 flutter:
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py
index bf36cb2705..c21a0b9f1c 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py
@@ -1377,6 +1377,8 @@ def create_flutter_project(self, second_pass=False):
                 self.cleanup(1, f"{e}")
 
             # For local development, override flet dependency with path
+            repo_root = None
+            pubspec = None
             if is_local_dev:
                 repo_root = flet.version.find_repo_root(Path(__file__).resolve().parent)
                 if repo_root:
@@ -1386,21 +1388,36 @@ def create_flutter_project(self, second_pass=False):
                     pubspec.setdefault("dependency_overrides", {})["flet"] = {
                         "path": flet_pkg_path
                     }
-                    # The test host (test_mode) depends on flet_integration_test,
-                    # which is publish_to:none and only resolvable from the repo.
-                    # Point it (and its own flet path dep, via override) at the
-                    # local checkout.
-                    if "flet_integration_test" in pubspec.get("dev_dependencies", {}):
-                        fit_pkg_path = str(
-                            repo_root / "packages" / "flet_integration_test"
-                        )
-                        pubspec["dev_dependencies"]["flet_integration_test"] = {
-                            "path": fit_pkg_path
+
+            # In test mode, inject the integration-test driver (and flutter_test)
+            # as dev dependencies. They are intentionally NOT in the template
+            # pubspec: that keeps it valid YAML for the release patch tooling and
+            # ensures a normal `flet build` never pulls them. flet_integration_test
+            # is publish_to:none, so for local dev it resolves to the in-repo
+            # package by path, and for an end user it is a git dependency pinned to
+            # this flet version's tag.
+            if getattr(self, "test_mode", False):
+                if pubspec is None:
+                    pubspec = self.load_yaml(self.pubspec_path)
+                dev_deps = pubspec.setdefault("dev_dependencies", {})
+                dev_deps["flutter_test"] = {"sdk": "flutter"}
+                if is_local_dev and repo_root:
+                    fit_pkg_path = str(repo_root / "packages" / "flet_integration_test")
+                    dev_deps["flet_integration_test"] = {"path": fit_pkg_path}
+                    pubspec.setdefault("dependency_overrides", {})[
+                        "flet_integration_test"
+                    ] = {"path": fit_pkg_path}
+                else:
+                    dev_deps["flet_integration_test"] = {
+                        "git": {
+                            "url": "https://github.com/flet-dev/flet.git",
+                            "ref": f"v{flet.version.flet_version}",
+                            "path": "packages/flet_integration_test",
                         }
-                        pubspec.setdefault("dependency_overrides", {})[
-                            "flet_integration_test"
-                        ] = {"path": fit_pkg_path}
-                    self.save_yaml(self.pubspec_path, pubspec)
+                    }
+
+            if pubspec is not None:
+                self.save_yaml(self.pubspec_path, pubspec)
 
             pyproject_pubspec = self.get_pyproject("tool.flet.flutter.pubspec")
 
diff --git a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml
index d96e88b62d..af1bf700c3 100644
--- a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml
+++ b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml
@@ -57,15 +57,10 @@ dev_dependencies:
   flutter_launcher_icons: ^0.14.1
   flutter_native_splash: ^2.4.1
   flutter_lints: ^2.0.0
-{% if cookiecutter.test_mode %}
-  flutter_test:
-    sdk: flutter
-  # Flet integration-test driver. Pulls in `integration_test` transitively and
-  # provides the on-device RemoteWidgetTester used by integration_test/app_test.dart.
-  # This package is publish_to:none; flet-cli rewrites the path for local dev.
-  flet_integration_test:
-    path: ../../../../../packages/flet_integration_test
-{% endif %}
+# In test_mode, flet-cli injects flutter_test + flet_integration_test into
+# dev_dependencies after rendering (see build_base.create_flutter_project). They
+# are not declared here so this pubspec stays valid YAML for the release patch
+# tooling and so a normal `flet build` never pulls the test driver.
 
 flutter:
 

From 8b8e5011cd7bc94d50c105873b098c164cac04f0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Mon, 15 Jun 2026 14:58:59 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 30/60] docs(testing): add Testing types reference + link API
 symbols in guide

Add a "Testing" section under Reference > Types with stubs for FletTestApp,
Tester, Finder and DisposalMode (website/docs/types/testing/), wired into the
sidebar. Replace the stale top-level mkdocs-style stubs (types/finder.md,
flettestapp.md, tester.md) that used the old `:::` syntax.

Link every API class/method/property mentioned in the integration-testing guide
to its reference page using the `[label][flet.testing.Symbol]` xref format, like
other docs.
---
 .../getting-started/integration-testing.md    | 58 +++++++++++--------
 website/docs/types/finder.md                  |  5 --
 website/docs/types/flettestapp.md             |  5 --
 website/docs/types/tester.md                  |  5 --
 website/docs/types/testing/disposalmode.md    |  7 +++
 website/docs/types/testing/finder.md          |  7 +++
 website/docs/types/testing/flettestapp.md     |  7 +++
 website/docs/types/testing/tester.md          |  7 +++
 website/sidebars.js                           | 35 +++++++----
 website/sidebars.yml                          |  8 ++-
 10 files changed, 89 insertions(+), 55 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 website/docs/types/finder.md
 delete mode 100644 website/docs/types/flettestapp.md
 delete mode 100644 website/docs/types/tester.md
 create mode 100644 website/docs/types/testing/disposalmode.md
 create mode 100644 website/docs/types/testing/finder.md
 create mode 100644 website/docs/types/testing/flettestapp.md
 create mode 100644 website/docs/types/testing/tester.md

diff --git a/website/docs/getting-started/integration-testing.md b/website/docs/getting-started/integration-testing.md
index 795f0725cd..e155ac104b 100644
--- a/website/docs/getting-started/integration-testing.md
+++ b/website/docs/getting-started/integration-testing.md
@@ -91,9 +91,10 @@ testpaths = ["tests"]
 
 ## Writing a test
 
-Test functions are `async` and receive the `flet_app` fixture, which starts your
-app and exposes a **tester** to drive it. Each test gets a **fresh app
-instance**, so tests are independent and can run in any order.
+Test functions are `async` and receive the [`flet_app`][flet.testing.FletTestApp]
+fixture, which starts your app and exposes a [tester][flet.testing.Tester] to
+drive it. Each test gets a **fresh app instance**, so tests are independent and
+can run in any order.
 
 Here is the counter sample (`tests/test_main.py`) that `flet create` generates:
 
@@ -146,27 +147,31 @@ ft.run(main)
 
 :::tip
 Give controls you want to test a stable [`key`](../cookbook/control-refs.md) and
-find them with `find_by_key()`. It's more robust than matching on text, which can
-change with localization or formatting.
+find them with [`find_by_key()`][flet.testing.Tester.find_by_key]. It's more
+robust than matching on text, which can change with localization or formatting.
 :::
 
 ## The tester API
 
-`flet_app.tester` finds controls and drives interactions. **Finder** methods
-return a `Finder`; **action** methods take a `Finder`; and **pump** methods let
-the UI advance. All methods are awaitable.
+[`flet_app.tester`][flet.testing.FletTestApp.tester] finds controls and drives
+interactions. **Finder** methods return a [`Finder`][flet.testing.Finder];
+**action** methods take a `Finder`; and **pump** methods let the UI advance. All
+methods are awaitable.
 
 ### Finding controls
 
 | Method | Finds controls by |
 | --- | --- |
-| `find_by_key(key)` | their `key` |
-| `find_by_text(text)` | exact text |
-| `find_by_text_containing(pattern)` | a regular-expression match on text |
-| `find_by_icon(icon)` | their icon (e.g. `ft.Icons.ADD`) |
-| `find_by_tooltip(value)` | tooltip text |
+| [`find_by_key(key)`][flet.testing.Tester.find_by_key] | their `key` |
+| [`find_by_text(text)`][flet.testing.Tester.find_by_text] | exact text |
+| [`find_by_text_containing(pattern)`][flet.testing.Tester.find_by_text_containing] | a regular-expression match on text |
+| [`find_by_icon(icon)`][flet.testing.Tester.find_by_icon] | their icon (e.g. `ft.Icons.ADD`) |
+| [`find_by_tooltip(value)`][flet.testing.Tester.find_by_tooltip] | tooltip text |
 
-A `Finder` reports how many controls matched and lets you pick one:
+A [`Finder`][flet.testing.Finder] reports how many controls matched (via
+[`count`][flet.testing.Finder.count]) and lets you pick one with
+[`first`][flet.testing.Finder.first], [`last`][flet.testing.Finder.last] or
+[`at()`][flet.testing.Finder.at]:
 
 ```python
 finder = await tester.find_by_text("Item")
@@ -180,15 +185,16 @@ await tester.tap(finder.at(1))    # match at index 1
 
 | Method | Action |
 | --- | --- |
-| `tap(finder)` | tap a control |
-| `long_press(finder)` | long-press a control |
-| `enter_text(finder, text)` | type text into a field |
-| `mouse_hover(finder)` | hover the mouse over a control |
+| [`tap(finder)`][flet.testing.Tester.tap] | tap a control |
+| [`long_press(finder)`][flet.testing.Tester.long_press] | long-press a control |
+| [`enter_text(finder, text)`][flet.testing.Tester.enter_text] | type text into a field |
+| [`mouse_hover(finder)`][flet.testing.Tester.mouse_hover] | hover the mouse over a control |
 
 ### Pumping
 
-The UI doesn't update instantly after an interaction. Call `pump_and_settle()`
-to let the app process events and render the result before asserting:
+The UI doesn't update instantly after an interaction. Call
+[`pump_and_settle()`][flet.testing.Tester.pump_and_settle] to let the app process
+events and render the result before asserting:
 
 ```python
 await tester.tap(await tester.find_by_key("submit"))
@@ -196,8 +202,8 @@ await tester.pump_and_settle()
 assert (await tester.find_by_text("Done")).count == 1
 ```
 
-Use `pump(duration=...)` to advance by a fixed amount when you don't want to wait
-for everything to settle.
+Use [`pump(duration=...)`][flet.testing.Tester.pump] to advance by a fixed amount
+when you don't want to wait for everything to settle.
 
 ## Screenshot testing
 
@@ -206,9 +212,11 @@ app and compare it against a committed *golden* (reference) image — useful for
 catching visual regressions. Full-screen capture is a device feature, so this is
 **not available on desktop**.
 
-`tester.take_screenshot(name)` captures the screen as PNG bytes, and
-`flet_app.assert_screenshot(name, bytes)` compares them against the golden image,
-failing the test if they differ beyond a similarity threshold (≈99% by default):
+[`tester.take_screenshot(name)`][flet.testing.Tester.take_screenshot] captures
+the screen as PNG bytes, and
+[`flet_app.assert_screenshot(name, bytes)`][flet.testing.FletTestApp.assert_screenshot]
+compares them against the golden image, failing the test if they differ beyond a
+similarity threshold (≈99% by default):
 
 ```python
 async def test_home_screen(flet_app: ftt.FletTestApp):
diff --git a/website/docs/types/finder.md b/website/docs/types/finder.md
deleted file mode 100644
index 8446c3b26f..0000000000
--- a/website/docs/types/finder.md
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-title: "Finder"
----
-
-::: flet.testing.finder.Finder
diff --git a/website/docs/types/flettestapp.md b/website/docs/types/flettestapp.md
deleted file mode 100644
index 93170351a6..0000000000
--- a/website/docs/types/flettestapp.md
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-title: "FletTestApp"
----
-
-::: flet.testing.flet_test_app.FletTestApp
diff --git a/website/docs/types/tester.md b/website/docs/types/tester.md
deleted file mode 100644
index 415180a981..0000000000
--- a/website/docs/types/tester.md
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
----
-title: "Tester"
----
-
-::: flet.testing.tester.Tester
diff --git a/website/docs/types/testing/disposalmode.md b/website/docs/types/testing/disposalmode.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..64747d6b1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/website/docs/types/testing/disposalmode.md
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+---
+title: "DisposalMode"
+---
+
+import {ClassAll} from '@site/src/components/crocodocs';
+
+<ClassAll name="flet.testing.DisposalMode" separateSignature={false} />
diff --git a/website/docs/types/testing/finder.md b/website/docs/types/testing/finder.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..71df9954c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/website/docs/types/testing/finder.md
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+---
+title: "Finder"
+---
+
+import {ClassAll} from '@site/src/components/crocodocs';
+
+<ClassAll name="flet.testing.Finder" />
diff --git a/website/docs/types/testing/flettestapp.md b/website/docs/types/testing/flettestapp.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9957c97933
--- /dev/null
+++ b/website/docs/types/testing/flettestapp.md
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+---
+title: "FletTestApp"
+---
+
+import {ClassAll} from '@site/src/components/crocodocs';
+
+<ClassAll name="flet.testing.FletTestApp" />
diff --git a/website/docs/types/testing/tester.md b/website/docs/types/testing/tester.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2d9835a48b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/website/docs/types/testing/tester.md
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+---
+title: "Tester"
+---
+
+import {ClassAll} from '@site/src/components/crocodocs';
+
+<ClassAll name="flet.testing.Tester" />
diff --git a/website/sidebars.js b/website/sidebars.js
index 2e53420fbf..ff4ad41e2a 100644
--- a/website/sidebars.js
+++ b/website/sidebars.js
@@ -1663,6 +1663,29 @@ module.exports = {
                 }
               ]
             },
+            {
+              "type": "category",
+              "label": "Testing",
+              "collapsed": true,
+              "items": [
+                {
+                  "type": "doc",
+                  "id": "types/testing/flettestapp"
+                },
+                {
+                  "type": "doc",
+                  "id": "types/testing/tester"
+                },
+                {
+                  "type": "doc",
+                  "id": "types/testing/finder"
+                },
+                {
+                  "type": "doc",
+                  "id": "types/testing/disposalmode"
+                }
+              ]
+            },
             {
               "type": "category",
               "label": "Base Controls",
@@ -2143,18 +2166,10 @@ module.exports = {
                   "type": "doc",
                   "id": "types/filepickeruploadfile"
                 },
-                {
-                  "type": "doc",
-                  "id": "types/finder"
-                },
                 {
                   "type": "doc",
                   "id": "types/flip"
                 },
-                {
-                  "type": "doc",
-                  "id": "types/flettestapp"
-                },
                 {
                   "type": "category",
                   "label": "Geolocator",
@@ -2601,10 +2616,6 @@ module.exports = {
                   "type": "doc",
                   "id": "types/templateroute"
                 },
-                {
-                  "type": "doc",
-                  "id": "types/tester"
-                },
                 {
                   "type": "doc",
                   "id": "types/textdecoration"
diff --git a/website/sidebars.yml b/website/sidebars.yml
index 18f2f5158a..1815e5c6b6 100644
--- a/website/sidebars.yml
+++ b/website/sidebars.yml
@@ -338,6 +338,11 @@ docs:
           GitHubOAuthProvider: types/auth/githuboauthprovider.md
           GoogleOAuthProvider: types/auth/googleoauthprovider.md
       - types/auth/user.md
+      Testing:
+      - types/testing/flettestapp.md
+      - types/testing/tester.md
+      - types/testing/finder.md
+      - types/testing/disposalmode.md
       Base Controls:
       - controls/adaptivecontrol.md
       - controls/basecontrol.md
@@ -451,9 +456,7 @@ docs:
       - types/duration.md
       - types/filepickerfile.md
       - types/filepickeruploadfile.md
-      - types/finder.md
       - types/flip.md
-      - types/flettestapp.md
       - Geolocator:
         - services/geolocator/types/foregroundnotificationconfiguration.md
         - services/geolocator/types/geolocatorandroidconfiguration.md
@@ -555,7 +558,6 @@ docs:
       - types/size.md
       - types/strutstyle.md
       - types/templateroute.md
-      - types/tester.md
       - types/textdecoration.md
       - types/textselection.md
       - types/textspan.md

From 20bd1449e04b20b39c4ee12946440269b0d62ccb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Mon, 15 Jun 2026 15:04:51 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 31/60] docs(testing): fix unresolved reST xrefs in FletTestApp
 docstrings
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

The new FletTestApp reference page surfaced two reST cross-references that didn't
resolve (caught by the docs build's reST xref check):

- `FletTestApp.tester` referenced the internal, undocumented
  `flet.testing.remote_tester.RemoteTester` via :class: — changed to plain code.
- `create_gif` referenced `:meth:`Page.take_animation``; the documented symbol is
  `flet.BasePage.take_animation` — corrected the target.

Verified: full docusaurus build + check_docs.sh pass (reST xrefs OK).
---
 sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/testing/flet_test_app.py | 6 +++---
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/testing/flet_test_app.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/testing/flet_test_app.py
index b85a2cac2c..416eaa7375 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/testing/flet_test_app.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/testing/flet_test_app.py
@@ -191,8 +191,8 @@ def page(self) -> ft.Page:
     def tester(self) -> Union[Tester, RemoteTester]:
         """
         Returns the tester that programmatically interacts with page controls \
-        and the test environment. In device mode this is a \
-        :class:`~flet.testing.remote_tester.RemoteTester`.
+        and the test environment. In device mode this is a `RemoteTester` \
+        driving the app over a socket.
         """
         if self.__tester is None:
             raise RuntimeError("tester is not initialized")
@@ -578,7 +578,7 @@ def create_gif(
                 same directory as the source frames.
             frames: Iterable of PNG-encoded frame bytes to use directly, in the
                 order they should appear in the animation. Typically paired
-                with :meth:`Page.take_animation`.
+                with :meth:`~flet.BasePage.take_animation`.
             duration: Frame duration in milliseconds. Either a single `int`
                 applied to every frame, or a sequence of `int` with one
                 entry per frame. Pass the same list used for

From 6e52132f78f5747d6ffa5e17a6a85c2fc9d3c659 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Thu, 25 Jun 2026 14:04:38 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 32/60] ci(testing): add flet-test workflow + Counter test app

New `.github/workflows/flet-test.yml` runs `flet test` (on-device) across macOS,
iOS, Windows, Linux and Android in a single matrix, against a new
`sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter` app (keyed +/- buttons,
interaction-only test, no goldens). The embedded app is built with Python 3.14;
the host venv stays on 3.13. Per-platform handling: xvfb for Linux, a booted
simulator (UDID) for iOS, reactivecircus/android-emulator-runner (KVM) for
Android. Pins the in-repo flet packages like flet_build_test.

Allowlist UDID/udid in typos (legitimate iOS term + simctl JSON field).

Verified locally: `flet test macos --python-version 3.14` -> 1 passed.
---
 .github/workflows/flet-test.yml               | 176 ++++++++++++++++++
 sdk/python/_typos.toml                        |   3 +
 .../apps/flet_test_counter/pyproject.toml     |  46 +++++
 .../apps/flet_test_counter/src/main.py        |  29 +++
 .../apps/flet_test_counter/tests/test_main.py |  21 +++
 5 files changed, 275 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 .github/workflows/flet-test.yml
 create mode 100644 sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/pyproject.toml
 create mode 100644 sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/src/main.py
 create mode 100644 sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/tests/test_main.py

diff --git a/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml b/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b6d9e8eb83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+name: Flet Test (on-device)
+
+# Runs `flet test` end-to-end on every target: provisions a per-platform test
+# host (build pipeline in test_mode), launches the built Counter app with embedded
+# Python, and drives it over the socket tester channel. Unlike
+# macos-integration-tests.yml (host-mode screenshots) and flet-build-test.yml
+# (compile only), this actually runs the app on the device/emulator/simulator.
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches-ignore:
+      - main
+    paths:
+      - '.github/workflows/flet-test.yml'
+      - '.fvmrc'
+      - 'packages/flet/**'
+      - 'packages/flet_integration_test/**'
+      - 'sdk/python/packages/flet/**'
+      - 'sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/**'
+      - 'sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/**'
+  pull_request:
+    paths:
+      - '.github/workflows/flet-test.yml'
+      - '.fvmrc'
+      - 'packages/flet/**'
+      - 'packages/flet_integration_test/**'
+      - 'sdk/python/packages/flet/**'
+      - 'sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/**'
+      - 'sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/**'
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      python_version:
+        description: "Python version to bundle into the test app."
+        type: string
+        default: "3.14"
+
+# Ensure only one run per branch (PR or push), cancel older ones
+concurrency:
+  group: flet-test-${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.event.pull_request.head.ref || github.ref_name }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+env:
+  ROOT: "${{ github.workspace }}"
+  SDK_PYTHON: "${{ github.workspace }}/sdk/python"
+  SCRIPTS: "${{ github.workspace }}/.github/scripts"
+  APP_DIR: "sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter"
+
+  # Host venv (runs flet-cli + pytest). The *embedded* app runtime is built
+  # against PYTHON_VERSION (3.14) via `--python-version`; the host stays on 3.13
+  # for stable test-dependency wheels (numpy/pillow/scikit-image).
+  UV_PYTHON: "3.13"
+  PYTHONUTF8: 1
+
+  # https://flet.dev/docs/reference/environment-variables
+  FLET_CLI_NO_RICH_OUTPUT: 1
+  # Use the Flutter the setup action puts on PATH, not fvm.
+  FLET_TEST_DISABLE_FVM: 1
+
+  PYTHON_VERSION: ${{ github.event.inputs.python_version || '3.14' }}
+
+jobs:
+  flet-test:
+    name: ${{ matrix.platform }}
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.runner }}
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - platform: macos
+            runner: macos-26
+            test_cmd: uv run flet test macos --python-version ${PYTHON_VERSION} --yes -v
+
+          - platform: ios
+            runner: macos-26
+            test_cmd: uv run flet test ios -d "$IOS_UDID" --python-version ${PYTHON_VERSION} --yes -v
+
+          - platform: windows
+            runner: windows-2025-vs2026
+            test_cmd: uv run flet test windows --python-version ${PYTHON_VERSION} --yes -v
+
+          - platform: linux
+            runner: ubuntu-latest
+            test_cmd: xvfb-run -a uv run flet test linux --python-version ${PYTHON_VERSION} --yes -v
+
+          - platform: android
+            runner: ubuntu-latest
+            # Run command lives in the emulator-runner step below.
+            test_cmd: ""
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+          fetch-tags: true
+
+      - name: Setup uv
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v8.2.0
+
+      - name: Patch versions
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          source "${SCRIPTS}/update_build_version.sh"
+          source "${SCRIPTS}/common.sh"
+          patch_python_package_versions
+
+      - name: Setup Flutter
+        uses: kuhnroyal/flutter-fvm-config-action/setup@v3
+        with:
+          path: '.fvmrc'
+          cache: true
+
+      - name: Show tool versions
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          uv --version
+          uv run --project sdk/python/packages/flet-cli python --version
+          flutter --version
+
+      # -------- Linux: build deps + virtual display --------
+      - name: Install Linux dependencies
+        if: matrix.platform == 'linux'
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          sudo apt-get update --allow-releaseinfo-change
+          LINUX_DEPS="$(uv run --project sdk/python/packages/flet-cli flet --version --json | jq -r '.linux_dependencies | join(" ")')"
+          sudo apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends $LINUX_DEPS xvfb
+          sudo apt-get clean
+
+      # -------- iOS: boot a simulator, capture its UDID --------
+      - name: Boot iOS simulator
+        if: matrix.platform == 'ios'
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          UDID=$(xcrun simctl list devices available -j \
+            | jq -r '[.devices[][] | select(.name | startswith("iPhone"))][0].udid')
+          if [ -z "$UDID" ] || [ "$UDID" = "null" ]; then
+            echo "No available iPhone simulator found" >&2
+            xcrun simctl list devices available
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          echo "Using iOS simulator $UDID"
+          xcrun simctl boot "$UDID" || true
+          xcrun simctl bootstatus "$UDID" -b
+          echo "IOS_UDID=$UDID" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+
+      # -------- Android: enable KVM for a fast emulator --------
+      - name: Enable KVM
+        if: matrix.platform == 'android'
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          echo 'KERNEL=="kvm", GROUP="kvm", MODE="0666", OPTIONS+="static_node=kvm"' \
+            | sudo tee /etc/udev/rules.d/99-kvm4all.rules
+          sudo udevadm control --reload-rules
+          sudo udevadm trigger --name-match=kvm
+
+      # -------- Run: desktop + iOS (non-Android) --------
+      - name: Run flet test (${{ matrix.platform }})
+        if: matrix.platform != 'android'
+        shell: bash
+        working-directory: ${{ env.APP_DIR }}
+        run: ${{ matrix.test_cmd }}
+
+      # -------- Run: Android (inside the emulator) --------
+      - name: Run flet test (android)
+        if: matrix.platform == 'android'
+        uses: reactivecircus/android-emulator-runner@v2
+        with:
+          api-level: 35
+          arch: x86_64
+          target: google_apis
+          force-avd-creation: true
+          disable-animations: true
+          emulator-options: -no-snapshot -no-window -gpu swiftshader_indirect -noaudio -no-boot-anim
+          working-directory: ${{ env.APP_DIR }}
+          script: uv run flet test android -d emulator-5554 --python-version ${PYTHON_VERSION} --yes -v
diff --git a/sdk/python/_typos.toml b/sdk/python/_typos.toml
index e68027a320..69523a673e 100644
--- a/sdk/python/_typos.toml
+++ b/sdk/python/_typos.toml
@@ -4,3 +4,6 @@ AACHE = "AACHE"
 ROUTEROS = "ROUTEROS"
 # OpenType variable font axis tag for width
 wdth = "wdth"
+# iOS Unique Device IDentifier (simctl `.udid` JSON field / shell var names)
+UDID = "UDID"
+udid = "udid"
diff --git a/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/pyproject.toml b/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/pyproject.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e589264c34
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/pyproject.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+[project]
+name = "flet_test_counter"
+version = "0.1.0"
+description = "Counter app used by the flet-test CI workflow to exercise `flet test` on-device."
+requires-python = ">=3.10"
+authors = [{ name = "Appveyor Systems Inc.", email = "hello@flet.dev" }]
+dependencies = ["flet"]
+
+[dependency-groups]
+dev = [
+    "flet-cli",
+    "flet-desktop",
+    # Integration testing with `flet test` / pytest. The `test` extra brings in
+    # pytest, pytest-asyncio and the screenshot-comparison dependencies used by
+    # flet.testing.
+    "flet[test]",
+]
+
+[tool.uv.sources]
+flet = { path = "../../../packages/flet", editable = true }
+flet-cli = { path = "../../../packages/flet-cli", editable = true }
+flet-desktop = { path = "../../../packages/flet-desktop", editable = true }
+
+[tool.pytest.ini_options]
+asyncio_mode = "auto"
+testpaths = ["tests"]
+
+# Docs: https://flet.dev/docs/publish/
+[tool.flet]
+product = "Flet Test Counter"
+artifact = "flet-test-counter"
+project = "flet_test_counter"
+company = "Flet"
+org = "com.flet"
+copyright = "Copyright (C) 2026 by Flet"
+
+[tool.flet.app]
+path = "src"
+
+# Embedded Python flet = in-repo source (not pub.dev).
+[tool.flet.dev_packages]
+flet = "../../../packages/flet"
+
+# Dart flet = in-repo source (relative to the provisioned build/flutter dir).
+[tool.flet.flutter.pubspec.dependency_overrides]
+flet = { path = "../../../../../../../packages/flet" }
diff --git a/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/src/main.py b/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/src/main.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..dc57a97f6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/src/main.py
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+import flet as ft
+
+
+def main(page: ft.Page):
+    counter = ft.Text("0", size=50)
+
+    def increment(e):
+        counter.value = str(int(counter.value) + 1)
+        counter.update()
+
+    def decrement(e):
+        counter.value = str(int(counter.value) - 1)
+        counter.update()
+
+    page.add(
+        ft.SafeArea(
+            content=ft.Row(
+                alignment=ft.MainAxisAlignment.CENTER,
+                controls=[
+                    ft.IconButton(ft.Icons.REMOVE, key="decrement", on_click=decrement),
+                    counter,
+                    ft.IconButton(ft.Icons.ADD, key="increment", on_click=increment),
+                ],
+            )
+        )
+    )
+
+
+ft.run(main)
diff --git a/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/tests/test_main.py b/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/tests/test_main.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ce74f2ee2b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/tests/test_main.py
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+import flet.testing as ftt
+
+
+async def test_counter(flet_app: ftt.FletTestApp):
+    tester = flet_app.tester
+
+    await tester.pump_and_settle()
+
+    # Initial state
+    assert (await tester.find_by_text("0")).count == 1
+
+    # Increment once
+    await tester.tap(await tester.find_by_key("increment"))
+    await tester.pump_and_settle()
+    assert (await tester.find_by_text("1")).count == 1
+
+    # Decrement twice -> -1
+    await tester.tap(await tester.find_by_key("decrement"))
+    await tester.tap(await tester.find_by_key("decrement"))
+    await tester.pump_and_settle()
+    assert (await tester.find_by_text("-1")).count == 1

From cb17dcb9d035ccb0e2be2f56e8119bde6aafb4a9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Thu, 25 Jun 2026 16:43:40 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 33/60] fix(testing): drive device-mode integration tests with
 benchmarkLive
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

After merging flet-0.86, `flet test` (device mode) hung: the very first
`WidgetTester.pump()` never returned, so the tester never connected and the run
timed out.

Root cause (isolated by single-variable bisection): the build template's #6616
`BootHost` boot structure (`runApp(StatefulWidget)` -> `initState` ->
`await prepareApp()` -> `setState`) deadlocks the default `fadePointers` frame
policy under `flutter test` — `pump()` schedules a frame and blocks on
`_pendingFrame` until it's drawn, but that frame never arrives during this boot.
Swapping only `BootHost` back to the old `runApp(FutureBuilder(...))` shape made
it pass reliably on the same Flutter 3.44.3, and the old structure on 3.44 was
fine — so it's the boot structure, not the Flutter bump or the boot screen
animation.

Fix lives entirely in the test driver (no shipping-app/template change):
- `runFletDeviceTest` sets `framePolicy = benchmarkLive` — Flutter's documented
  policy "for running the test on a device". Its `pump()` doesn't wait on an
  engine-drawn frame (just delays), while framework-requested frames (the app's
  setState/animations, incl. Python's dart_bridge updates) still render.
- Because benchmarkLive pumps don't advance wall-clock or force frames, the
  driver waits for *sustained* tree idle (the boot screen's CircularProgress
  Indicator keeps it busy until Python renders the page) before connecting, and
  `FlutterWidgetTester.pumpAndSettle` (gated on benchmarkLive only, so host mode
  is untouched) pumps with real delays until the tree stays idle — so async
  tap -> on_click -> control-update round-trips land before asserting.

Verified: counter app (+/- buttons, 0 -> 1 -> -1) passes 3/3 on macOS / Flutter
3.44.3; host-mode driver unchanged.
---
 .../lib/src/device_test.dart                  | 47 ++++++++++++++++---
 .../lib/src/flutter_tester.dart               | 28 +++++++++--
 2 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/device_test.dart b/packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/device_test.dart
index c25716f70f..7f975dd678 100644
--- a/packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/device_test.dart
+++ b/packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/device_test.dart
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 // ignore_for_file: depend_on_referenced_packages
-import 'package:flutter/foundation.dart';
 import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';
 import 'package:integration_test/integration_test.dart';
 
@@ -15,6 +14,22 @@ import 'remote_widget_tester.dart';
 void runFletDeviceTest({required void Function(List<String>) appMain}) {
   var binding = IntegrationTestWidgetsFlutterBinding.ensureInitialized();
 
+  // The built app boots via the template's `BootHost` (`initState` ->
+  // `await prepareApp()` -> `setState`). Under the default `fadePointers` frame
+  // policy that deadlocks `flutter test`: `WidgetTester.pump()` schedules a frame
+  // and blocks until it is drawn, but during this boot the frame never arrives,
+  // so `pump()` hangs.
+  //
+  // benchmarkLive is Flutter's documented policy "for running the test on a
+  // device": its `pump()` no longer waits on an engine-drawn frame (it just
+  // delays), while framework-requested frames — the app's own `setState` /
+  // animations, including Python's control updates arriving over dart_bridge —
+  // are still serviced and rendered. The cost is that pumps no longer *force* a
+  // frame, so steps that need the app to make progress (boot, command
+  // round-trips) must allow real wall-clock time; see the boot loop below and
+  // `FlutterWidgetTester.pumpAndSettle`.
+  binding.framePolicy = LiveTestWidgetsFlutterBindingFramePolicy.benchmarkLive;
+
   group('end-to-end test', () {
     testWidgets('test app', (tester) async {
       const serverUrl = String.fromEnvironment("FLET_TEST_SERVER_URL");
@@ -22,17 +37,35 @@ void runFletDeviceTest({required void Function(List<String>) appMain}) {
         throw Exception("FLET_TEST_SERVER_URL dart-define is required.");
       }
 
-      // Launch the on-device app (no args => production/dart_bridge mode) and
-      // pump frames here, in the test body, so it starts and renders its first
-      // UI before any remote command arrives.
+      // Launch the on-device app (no args => production/dart_bridge mode).
       appMain(const []);
-      for (var i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
-        await tester.pump(const Duration(milliseconds: 100));
+
+      // Wait for the app to finish booting before handing off to the remote
+      // tester. The boot screen shows a continuously animating
+      // CircularProgressIndicator while the embedded Python starts over
+      // dart_bridge, so the tree stays busy for the whole boot; once Python
+      // connects, renders the first page and the boot screen fades out, the tree
+      // goes idle. Interleave real delays (benchmarkLive pumps don't advance
+      // wall-clock on their own) and require the tree to stay idle for several
+      // consecutive checks — a single idle frame happens transiently before the
+      // spinner's first tick, so breaking on it would hand off before the app has
+      // rendered. Capped by a generous timeout.
+      final deadline = DateTime.now().add(const Duration(seconds: 90));
+      var idle = 0;
+      while (DateTime.now().isBefore(deadline)) {
+        await tester.runAsync(
+          () => Future.delayed(const Duration(milliseconds: 200)),
+        );
+        await tester.pump();
+        if (binding.hasScheduledFrame) {
+          idle = 0;
+        } else if (++idle >= 5) {
+          break;
+        }
       }
 
       // Connect the remote tester last; the Python RemoteTester server unblocks
       // once connected and drives the app from here on.
-      debugPrint("Connecting to remote tester at $serverUrl");
       final widgetTester = await RemoteWidgetTester.connect(
         tester: tester,
         binding: binding,
diff --git a/packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/flutter_tester.dart b/packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/flutter_tester.dart
index d94f55ebb3..1eccb61683 100644
--- a/packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/flutter_tester.dart
+++ b/packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/flutter_tester.dart
@@ -28,9 +28,31 @@ class FlutterWidgetTester implements Tester {
   Future<void> pumpAndSettle({Duration? duration}) async {
     await lock.acquire();
     try {
-      await _tester.pumpAndSettle(
-        duration ?? const Duration(milliseconds: 100),
-      );
+      final step = duration ?? const Duration(milliseconds: 100);
+      if (_binding.framePolicy ==
+          LiveTestWidgetsFlutterBindingFramePolicy.benchmarkLive) {
+        // Device mode (see runFletDeviceTest). Under benchmarkLive `pump()` only
+        // delays — it does not force a frame — and an async Python round-trip
+        // (tap -> on_click -> control update over dart_bridge) lands a few frames
+        // later. The framework's pumpAndSettle would return as soon as nothing is
+        // scheduled, i.e. before the update arrives. Instead, pump with real
+        // wall-clock delays and require the tree to stay idle for several
+        // consecutive checks (so a just-arrived update is observed), capped by a
+        // timeout.
+        final deadline = DateTime.now().add(const Duration(seconds: 15));
+        var idle = 0;
+        while (DateTime.now().isBefore(deadline)) {
+          await _tester.runAsync(() => Future.delayed(step));
+          await _tester.pump();
+          if (_binding.hasScheduledFrame) {
+            idle = 0;
+          } else if (++idle >= 5) {
+            break;
+          }
+        }
+      } else {
+        await _tester.pumpAndSettle(step);
+      }
     } finally {
       lock.release();
     }

From 8eb4c0d279fd23d17f32df8327e981cd70803181 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Thu, 25 Jun 2026 17:24:20 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 34/60] fix(testing): use FutureBuilder boot path under test +
 propagate flutter test failures
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

Replaces the benchmarkLive approach (previous commit), which was wrong: it
un-blocked WidgetTester.pump() but its continuous redraw triggered a
rebuild-during-build (`!_dirty`) that *failed* the on-device flutter test — and
that failure was hidden by a false-green bug (below). Verified by comparison on
Flutter 3.44.3: BootHost+benchmarkLive => `!_dirty`, 0 passed/1 failed; the
FutureBuilder boot path => `All tests passed!`, clean, 3/3.

Two fixes:
- Template main.dart: under `FLET_TEST`, boot via the old
  `runApp(FutureBuilder(future: prepareApp(), ...))` shape instead of #6616's
  `BootHost`. BootHost's StatefulWidget/initState-async/setState boot deadlocks
  `tester.pump()` (it blocks on a frame that never arrives during boot);
  FutureBuilder is driven cleanly. Production builds are unchanged (still
  BootHost). The app — embedded Python over dart_bridge, FletApp — is identical.
- FletTestApp.teardown: check the `flutter test` process exit code and raise if
  non-zero. The host-side find/tap assertions can all pass while the on-device
  `testWidgets` body fails (e.g. a widget exception), so pytest was reporting a
  pass over a failed flutter run — a false green. Now surfaced.

Revert the benchmarkLive changes to the device driver (device_test.dart,
flutter_tester.dart) — default frame policy works with the FutureBuilder path.

Verified: counter (+/-, 0 -> 1 -> -1) genuinely passes 3/3 on macOS / 3.44.3
(`All tests passed!`, no `!_dirty`, pytest + flutter agree).
---
 .../lib/src/device_test.dart                  | 47 +++----------------
 .../lib/src/flutter_tester.dart               | 28 ++---------
 .../flet/src/flet/testing/flet_test_app.py    | 14 +++++-
 .../{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/lib/main.dart    | 29 ++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 52 insertions(+), 66 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/device_test.dart b/packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/device_test.dart
index 7f975dd678..c25716f70f 100644
--- a/packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/device_test.dart
+++ b/packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/device_test.dart
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // ignore_for_file: depend_on_referenced_packages
+import 'package:flutter/foundation.dart';
 import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';
 import 'package:integration_test/integration_test.dart';
 
@@ -14,22 +15,6 @@ import 'remote_widget_tester.dart';
 void runFletDeviceTest({required void Function(List<String>) appMain}) {
   var binding = IntegrationTestWidgetsFlutterBinding.ensureInitialized();
 
-  // The built app boots via the template's `BootHost` (`initState` ->
-  // `await prepareApp()` -> `setState`). Under the default `fadePointers` frame
-  // policy that deadlocks `flutter test`: `WidgetTester.pump()` schedules a frame
-  // and blocks until it is drawn, but during this boot the frame never arrives,
-  // so `pump()` hangs.
-  //
-  // benchmarkLive is Flutter's documented policy "for running the test on a
-  // device": its `pump()` no longer waits on an engine-drawn frame (it just
-  // delays), while framework-requested frames — the app's own `setState` /
-  // animations, including Python's control updates arriving over dart_bridge —
-  // are still serviced and rendered. The cost is that pumps no longer *force* a
-  // frame, so steps that need the app to make progress (boot, command
-  // round-trips) must allow real wall-clock time; see the boot loop below and
-  // `FlutterWidgetTester.pumpAndSettle`.
-  binding.framePolicy = LiveTestWidgetsFlutterBindingFramePolicy.benchmarkLive;
-
   group('end-to-end test', () {
     testWidgets('test app', (tester) async {
       const serverUrl = String.fromEnvironment("FLET_TEST_SERVER_URL");
@@ -37,35 +22,17 @@ void runFletDeviceTest({required void Function(List<String>) appMain}) {
         throw Exception("FLET_TEST_SERVER_URL dart-define is required.");
       }
 
-      // Launch the on-device app (no args => production/dart_bridge mode).
+      // Launch the on-device app (no args => production/dart_bridge mode) and
+      // pump frames here, in the test body, so it starts and renders its first
+      // UI before any remote command arrives.
       appMain(const []);
-
-      // Wait for the app to finish booting before handing off to the remote
-      // tester. The boot screen shows a continuously animating
-      // CircularProgressIndicator while the embedded Python starts over
-      // dart_bridge, so the tree stays busy for the whole boot; once Python
-      // connects, renders the first page and the boot screen fades out, the tree
-      // goes idle. Interleave real delays (benchmarkLive pumps don't advance
-      // wall-clock on their own) and require the tree to stay idle for several
-      // consecutive checks — a single idle frame happens transiently before the
-      // spinner's first tick, so breaking on it would hand off before the app has
-      // rendered. Capped by a generous timeout.
-      final deadline = DateTime.now().add(const Duration(seconds: 90));
-      var idle = 0;
-      while (DateTime.now().isBefore(deadline)) {
-        await tester.runAsync(
-          () => Future.delayed(const Duration(milliseconds: 200)),
-        );
-        await tester.pump();
-        if (binding.hasScheduledFrame) {
-          idle = 0;
-        } else if (++idle >= 5) {
-          break;
-        }
+      for (var i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
+        await tester.pump(const Duration(milliseconds: 100));
       }
 
       // Connect the remote tester last; the Python RemoteTester server unblocks
       // once connected and drives the app from here on.
+      debugPrint("Connecting to remote tester at $serverUrl");
       final widgetTester = await RemoteWidgetTester.connect(
         tester: tester,
         binding: binding,
diff --git a/packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/flutter_tester.dart b/packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/flutter_tester.dart
index 1eccb61683..d94f55ebb3 100644
--- a/packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/flutter_tester.dart
+++ b/packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/flutter_tester.dart
@@ -28,31 +28,9 @@ class FlutterWidgetTester implements Tester {
   Future<void> pumpAndSettle({Duration? duration}) async {
     await lock.acquire();
     try {
-      final step = duration ?? const Duration(milliseconds: 100);
-      if (_binding.framePolicy ==
-          LiveTestWidgetsFlutterBindingFramePolicy.benchmarkLive) {
-        // Device mode (see runFletDeviceTest). Under benchmarkLive `pump()` only
-        // delays — it does not force a frame — and an async Python round-trip
-        // (tap -> on_click -> control update over dart_bridge) lands a few frames
-        // later. The framework's pumpAndSettle would return as soon as nothing is
-        // scheduled, i.e. before the update arrives. Instead, pump with real
-        // wall-clock delays and require the tree to stay idle for several
-        // consecutive checks (so a just-arrived update is observed), capped by a
-        // timeout.
-        final deadline = DateTime.now().add(const Duration(seconds: 15));
-        var idle = 0;
-        while (DateTime.now().isBefore(deadline)) {
-          await _tester.runAsync(() => Future.delayed(step));
-          await _tester.pump();
-          if (_binding.hasScheduledFrame) {
-            idle = 0;
-          } else if (++idle >= 5) {
-            break;
-          }
-        }
-      } else {
-        await _tester.pumpAndSettle(step);
-      }
+      await _tester.pumpAndSettle(
+        duration ?? const Duration(milliseconds: 100),
+      );
     } finally {
       lock.release();
     }
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/testing/flet_test_app.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/testing/flet_test_app.py
index 416eaa7375..2e814595ef 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/testing/flet_test_app.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/testing/flet_test_app.py
@@ -342,11 +342,13 @@ async def teardown(self):
         except (RuntimeError, TimeoutError) as e:
             print(f"Tester teardown failed: {e}")
 
+        flutter_returncode: Optional[int] = None
         if self.__flutter_process:
             print("\nWaiting for Flutter test process to exit...")
             try:
                 await asyncio.wait_for(self.__flutter_process.wait(), timeout=10)
-                print("Flutter test process has exited.")
+                flutter_returncode = self.__flutter_process.returncode
+                print(f"Flutter test process has exited (code {flutter_returncode}).")
             except asyncio.TimeoutError:
                 print("Flutter test process did not exit in time, terminating it...")
                 self.__flutter_process.terminate()
@@ -361,6 +363,16 @@ async def teardown(self):
         if isinstance(self.__tester, RemoteTester):
             await self.__tester.stop()
 
+        # The host-side commands can all succeed while the on-device Flutter
+        # integration test itself fails (e.g. a widget exception fails the
+        # `testWidgets` body even though our find/tap assertions passed). Surface
+        # that as a test failure — otherwise the run is falsely green.
+        if flutter_returncode is not None and flutter_returncode != 0:
+            raise RuntimeError(
+                f"Flutter integration test process failed with exit code "
+                f"{flutter_returncode}. See the Flutter test output above."
+            )
+
     def resize_page(self, width: float, height: float):
         """
         Resizes the page window to the specified width and height.
diff --git a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/lib/main.dart b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/lib/main.dart
index a0099ee989..b11f3c216f 100644
--- a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/lib/main.dart
+++ b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/lib/main.dart
@@ -56,6 +56,35 @@ void main(List<String> args) async {
     ext.ensureInitialized();
   }
 
+  if (const bool.fromEnvironment("FLET_TEST")) {
+    // Under integration test (`flet test`), `BootHost` (a StatefulWidget whose
+    // initState awaits prepareApp() then setState()s) deadlocks the
+    // WidgetTester: `tester.pump()` blocks waiting for a frame that never
+    // arrives during this boot. Use the simpler FutureBuilder boot path (no
+    // animated boot-screen overlay), which the tester drives cleanly. The app
+    // itself — embedded Python over dart_bridge, FletApp — is identical.
+    runApp(FutureBuilder(
+      future: prepareApp(),
+      builder: (context, snapshot) {
+        if (snapshot.connectionState != ConnectionState.done) {
+          return const SizedBox.shrink();
+        }
+        if (kIsWeb || (isDesktopPlatform() && _args.isNotEmpty)) {
+          return FletApp(
+            pageUrl: pageUrl,
+            assetsDir: assetsDir,
+            bootScreenName: bootScreenName,
+            bootScreenOptions: bootScreenOptions,
+            bootStatus: _bootStatus,
+            extensions: extensions,
+          );
+        }
+        return _ProdApp(args: args);
+      },
+    ));
+    return;
+  }
+
   runApp(BootHost(args: args));
 }
 

From d143d1779f954815310883d700520c9dc3905323 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Thu, 25 Jun 2026 17:31:28 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 35/60] fix(testing): use resolved Flutter exe path when
 spawning flutter test (Windows)
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

On Windows the device-mode run failed at fixture setup with
`FileNotFoundError [WinError 2]`: FletTestApp spawned `flutter test` via
`create_subprocess_exec("flutter", ...)`, but Windows' CreateProcess does no
PATHEXT lookup, so a bare "flutter" (really `flutter.bat`) isn't found.

`flet test` already resolves the real Flutter executable (full path, `.bat` on
Windows) for provisioning — pass it to the pytest subprocess as
`FLET_TEST_FLUTTER_EXE` (and propagate it via `_TEST_ENV_KEYS`), and have
FletTestApp use it as argv[0], falling back to a bare "flutter" on PATH.
---
 sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/test.py | 5 +++++
 sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/testing/flet_test_app.py | 5 ++++-
 2 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/test.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/test.py
index dd0e3698c0..6e25dabc84 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/test.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/test.py
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ def _provision_steps(cmd: "BaseBuildCommand") -> Path:
 _TEST_ENV_KEYS = (
     "PATH",
     "FLET_TEST_DISABLE_FVM",
+    "FLET_TEST_FLUTTER_EXE",
     "SERIOUS_PYTHON_VERSION",
     "SERIOUS_PYTHON_SITE_PACKAGES",
     "SERIOUS_PYTHON_FLUTTER_PACKAGES",
@@ -75,6 +76,10 @@ def _flutter_path_env(cmd: "BaseBuildCommand") -> dict:
     if cmd.flutter_exe:
         flutter_bin = str(Path(cmd.flutter_exe).parent)
         env["PATH"] = os.pathsep.join([flutter_bin, env.get("PATH", "")])
+        # Hand the resolved Flutter executable (e.g. `flutter.bat` on Windows) to
+        # FletTestApp: it spawns `flutter test` with create_subprocess_exec, which
+        # on Windows can't resolve a bare "flutter" (no PATHEXT lookup).
+        env["FLET_TEST_FLUTTER_EXE"] = str(cmd.flutter_exe)
     env["FLET_TEST_DISABLE_FVM"] = "1"
     if getattr(cmd, "python_release", None) is not None:
         env["SERIOUS_PYTHON_VERSION"] = cmd.python_release.short
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/testing/flet_test_app.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/testing/flet_test_app.py
index 2e814595ef..14a8d04fdf 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/testing/flet_test_app.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/testing/flet_test_app.py
@@ -266,7 +266,10 @@ async def main(page: ft.Page):
             stdout = None
             stderr = None
 
-        flutter_args = ["fvm", "flutter", "test", "integration_test"]
+        # The resolved Flutter executable (full path, `flutter.bat` on Windows)
+        # is passed by `flet test`; fall back to a bare "flutter" on PATH.
+        flutter_exe = os.getenv("FLET_TEST_FLUTTER_EXE", "flutter")
+        flutter_args = ["fvm", flutter_exe, "test", "integration_test"]
 
         if self.__disable_fvm:
             flutter_args.pop(0)

From 0af4bd70b81a5427be7fbb0678d951bdf98792b5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Thu, 25 Jun 2026 20:38:36 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 36/60] fix(testing): name the test binary after project_name
 (Windows/Linux desktop)
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

Windows and Linux `flet test` failed after a successful build with
`Unable to start executable ... Failed to find "<project_name>.exe/binary"`.
Root cause (the "doesn't build on desktop" hypothesis was wrong — Flutter does
build): the Windows/Linux runner sets the executable OUTPUT_NAME to
`artifact_name`, but `flutter test -d <desktop>` launches the binary by the
Flutter pubspec `name` (== project_name). When `[tool.flet] artifact` differs
from the project name (e.g. `flet-test-counter` vs `flet_test_counter`), the
built binary and the launched path don't match. macOS is unaffected (its `.app`
is located by the product/artifact name).

In test mode, pin `artifact_name = project_name` so the desktop binary's name
matches what the integration-test host launches. Verified: macOS still passes
(now builds `flet_test_counter.app`); fixes the Windows/Linux launch path.
---
 .../packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py  | 7 +++++++
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+)

diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py
index e9fa2874df..66b2ed8cf5 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py
@@ -893,6 +893,13 @@ def setup_template_data(self):
             or self.get_pyproject("project.name")
             or self.python_app_path.name
         )
+        # Under integration test, `flutter test -d <desktop>` launches the built
+        # binary by the project name (the Flutter pubspec `name`), but the
+        # Windows/Linux runner sets the executable's OUTPUT_NAME to artifact_name.
+        # When they differ (e.g. `artifact = "my-app"` vs project `my_app`) the
+        # test host can't find the binary. Pin them equal in test mode.
+        if getattr(self, "test_mode", False):
+            artifact_name = project_name
         product_name = (
             self.options.product_name
             or self.get_pyproject("tool.flet.product")

From 8fc256416af4aaefe6c21355cd9655bbc974dbf3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Fri, 26 Jun 2026 08:10:03 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 37/60] fix(test): pass serious_python native-build env to flet
 test

flet test spawns its own 'flutter test integration_test' (via FletTestApp)
instead of going through _run_flutter_command, so it never received the
serious_python build-time env that flet build sets. Most critically
SERIOUS_PYTHON_APP was unset, which makes the Android packageApp Gradle task
early-return and leave a stale app.zip (old-Python main.pyc) in the APK,
crashing the embedded runtime with 'ImportError: bad magic number'.

Extract the serious_python native-build env into a shared
_serious_python_build_env() and use it from both _run_flutter_command and
flet test's _flutter_path_env, so the two paths bundle an identical app and
can't drift. Adds SERIOUS_PYTHON_APP, SERIOUS_PYTHON_ANDROID_EXTRACT_PACKAGES
and SP_NATIVE_SET to the test env (and _TEST_ENV_KEYS).
---
 .../src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py       | 88 ++++++++++++-------
 .../flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/test.py    | 27 +++---
 2 files changed, 73 insertions(+), 42 deletions(-)

diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py
index 66b2ed8cf5..8805a0eaa7 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/build_base.py
@@ -2479,6 +2479,60 @@ def run_flutter(self):
 
         self._run_flutter_command()
 
+    def _serious_python_build_env(self) -> dict:
+        """
+        serious_python environment for the platform NATIVE build (the Gradle /
+        CMake / podspec steps run by `flutter build`).
+
+        These tell the native build where the `package` step staged the app and
+        site-packages and which embedded Python runtime to bundle. `flet build`
+        applies them via `_run_flutter_command`; `flet test` applies the SAME set
+        to the `flutter test` it spawns (see test.py `_flutter_path_env`) so both
+        bundle an identical app. In particular, without `SERIOUS_PYTHON_APP` the
+        Android `packageApp` Gradle task early-returns and a stale `app.zip` (e.g.
+        an old-Python `main.pyc`) survives in the APK — `ImportError: bad magic
+        number`. Built defensively so it is safe to call before the full build
+        pipeline has populated every attribute.
+        """
+
+        env: dict = {}
+        python_release = getattr(self, "python_release", None)
+        if python_release is not None:
+            # Only the short version is passed; serious_python derives the rest
+            # from its committed manifest snapshot.
+            env["SERIOUS_PYTHON_VERSION"] = python_release.short
+
+        build_dir = getattr(self, "build_dir", None)
+        package_platform = getattr(self, "package_platform", None)
+        if build_dir is not None and package_platform != "Emscripten":
+            env["SERIOUS_PYTHON_SITE_PACKAGES"] = str(build_dir / "site-packages")
+            # app staging dir: read by the platform native build (CMake / podspec
+            # / Android Gradle) at `flutter build` time to place the unpacked app
+            # into the bundle.
+            env["SERIOUS_PYTHON_APP"] = str(build_dir / "python-app")
+
+        # Swift Package Manager (darwin): export the cache-bust key the package
+        # step computed so the plugin's Package.swift re-resolves when the staged
+        # native set changes (SwiftPM caches its graph on manifest text + env).
+        if (
+            build_dir is not None
+            and package_platform in ("iOS", "Darwin")
+            and self._darwin_spm_active()
+        ):
+            spm_key_file = build_dir / ".serious_python_spm_key"
+            if spm_key_file.exists():
+                env["SP_NATIVE_SET"] = spm_key_file.read_text().strip()
+
+        # Path-hungry packages to ship extracted to disk: consumed by the
+        # serious_python_android Gradle split during `flutter build`.
+        if package_platform == "Android" and getattr(
+            self, "android_extract_packages", None
+        ):
+            env["SERIOUS_PYTHON_ANDROID_EXTRACT_PACKAGES"] = ",".join(
+                self.android_extract_packages
+            )
+        return env
+
     def _run_flutter_command(self):
         """
         Build final Flutter CLI command, configure environment, and run it.
@@ -2500,36 +2554,10 @@ def _run_flutter_command(self):
             ]
         )
 
-        # Only the short version is passed; serious_python derives the rest
-        # from its committed manifest snapshot.
-        build_env = {
-            "SERIOUS_PYTHON_VERSION": self.python_release.short,
-        }
-
-        # site-packages variable
-        if self.package_platform != "Emscripten":
-            build_env["SERIOUS_PYTHON_SITE_PACKAGES"] = str(
-                self.build_dir / "site-packages"
-            )
-            # app staging dir: read by the platform native build (CMake /
-            # podspec / Android Gradle) at `flutter build` time to place the
-            # unpacked app into the bundle.
-            build_env["SERIOUS_PYTHON_APP"] = str(self.build_dir / "python-app")
-
-        # Swift Package Manager (darwin): export the cache-bust key the package
-        # step computed so the plugin's Package.swift re-resolves when the staged
-        # native set changes (SwiftPM caches its graph on manifest text + env).
-        if self._darwin_spm_active():
-            spm_key_file = self.build_dir / ".serious_python_spm_key"
-            if spm_key_file.exists():
-                build_env["SP_NATIVE_SET"] = spm_key_file.read_text().strip()
-
-        # Path-hungry packages to ship extracted to disk: consumed by the
-        # serious_python_android Gradle split during `flutter build`.
-        if self.package_platform == "Android" and self.android_extract_packages:
-            build_env["SERIOUS_PYTHON_ANDROID_EXTRACT_PACKAGES"] = ",".join(
-                self.android_extract_packages
-            )
+        # serious_python env for the native build, shared verbatim with `flet
+        # test` (which spawns its own `flutter test`) so both bundle an identical
+        # app — see `_serious_python_build_env`.
+        build_env = self._serious_python_build_env()
 
         if self.package_platform == "Emscripten" and not self.template_data["no_wasm"]:
             build_args.append("--wasm")
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/test.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/test.py
index 6e25dabc84..accaadb764 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/test.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/commands/test.py
@@ -50,17 +50,23 @@ def _provision_steps(cmd: "BaseBuildCommand") -> Path:
 
 # Env vars set by `flet test` (and `provision_test_host`) for the pytest
 # subprocess. `flutter test integration_test` (spawned by FletTestApp) runs the
-# platform's native build, whose serious_python build phase bundles
-# site-packages into the app from SERIOUS_PYTHON_SITE_PACKAGES — without it the
-# embedded Python can't import its dependencies (e.g. ModuleNotFoundError:
-# certifi). `flet build`/`flet debug` set the same vars for their flutter build
-# (see build_base.py `_run_flutter_command`).
+# platform's native build, whose serious_python build phase bundles the staged
+# app + site-packages — without these vars the embedded Python can't import its
+# dependencies (e.g. ModuleNotFoundError: certifi) and, on Android, the
+# `packageApp` Gradle task no-ops so a stale `app.zip` (old-Python `main.pyc`)
+# survives in the APK (ImportError: bad magic number). `flet build`/`flet debug`
+# set the SAME serious_python vars for their flutter build via
+# `_serious_python_build_env` (build_base.py `_run_flutter_command`); we reuse it
+# here so the two paths can't drift.
 _TEST_ENV_KEYS = (
     "PATH",
     "FLET_TEST_DISABLE_FVM",
     "FLET_TEST_FLUTTER_EXE",
     "SERIOUS_PYTHON_VERSION",
     "SERIOUS_PYTHON_SITE_PACKAGES",
+    "SERIOUS_PYTHON_APP",
+    "SERIOUS_PYTHON_ANDROID_EXTRACT_PACKAGES",
+    "SP_NATIVE_SET",
     "SERIOUS_PYTHON_FLUTTER_PACKAGES",
 )
 
@@ -81,13 +87,10 @@ def _flutter_path_env(cmd: "BaseBuildCommand") -> dict:
         # on Windows can't resolve a bare "flutter" (no PATHEXT lookup).
         env["FLET_TEST_FLUTTER_EXE"] = str(cmd.flutter_exe)
     env["FLET_TEST_DISABLE_FVM"] = "1"
-    if getattr(cmd, "python_release", None) is not None:
-        env["SERIOUS_PYTHON_VERSION"] = cmd.python_release.short
-    if (
-        getattr(cmd, "build_dir", None) is not None
-        and getattr(cmd, "package_platform", None) != "Emscripten"
-    ):
-        env["SERIOUS_PYTHON_SITE_PACKAGES"] = str(cmd.build_dir / "site-packages")
+    # Same serious_python env `flet build` hands its native build, so the app
+    # `flutter test` builds is bundled identically (incl. SERIOUS_PYTHON_APP →
+    # a fresh app.zip with a matching-Python main.pyc).
+    env.update(cmd._serious_python_build_env())
     if getattr(cmd, "flutter_packages_temp_dir", None) is not None:
         env["SERIOUS_PYTHON_FLUTTER_PACKAGES"] = str(cmd.flutter_packages_temp_dir)
     return env

From 8cd0297c0261c604fdd1f95e8eeacc98a6bdacf8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Fri, 26 Jun 2026 10:36:54 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 38/60] ci(flet-test): capture android logcat; force software
 GL on linux

Android: stream device-side logs (embedded Python stdout/stderr, Flet,
Flutter, native crashes) to a file during the run and dump them in a
collapsible group afterwards, so on-device failures are diagnosable from CI.

Linux: xvfb has no GPU, so the Flutter GTK app crashes on GL context
creation (exit 79); install Mesa's software GL (llvmpipe) and force it via
LIBGL_ALWAYS_SOFTWARE/GALLIUM_DRIVER.
---
 .github/workflows/flet-test.yml | 27 +++++++++++++++++++++++++--
 1 file changed, 25 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml b/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
index b6d9e8eb83..9236cb5e4b 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
@@ -124,7 +124,10 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           sudo apt-get update --allow-releaseinfo-change
           LINUX_DEPS="$(uv run --project sdk/python/packages/flet-cli flet --version --json | jq -r '.linux_dependencies | join(" ")')"
-          sudo apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends $LINUX_DEPS xvfb
+          # xvfb has no GPU; the Flutter GTK app needs Mesa's software GL
+          # (llvmpipe) or it crashes on GL context creation (exit 79).
+          sudo apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
+            $LINUX_DEPS xvfb libgl1-mesa-dri mesa-utils
           sudo apt-get clean
 
       # -------- iOS: boot a simulator, capture its UDID --------
@@ -159,6 +162,10 @@ jobs:
         if: matrix.platform != 'android'
         shell: bash
         working-directory: ${{ env.APP_DIR }}
+        # Force Mesa software GL on Linux (xvfb has no GPU); harmless elsewhere.
+        env:
+          LIBGL_ALWAYS_SOFTWARE: "true"
+          GALLIUM_DRIVER: llvmpipe
         run: ${{ matrix.test_cmd }}
 
       # -------- Run: Android (inside the emulator) --------
@@ -173,4 +180,20 @@ jobs:
           disable-animations: true
           emulator-options: -no-snapshot -no-window -gpu swiftshader_indirect -noaudio -no-boot-anim
           working-directory: ${{ env.APP_DIR }}
-          script: uv run flet test android -d emulator-5554 --python-version ${PYTHON_VERSION} --yes -v
+          # Capture device-side logs (embedded Python stdout/stderr, Flet, Flutter,
+          # crashes) so on-device failures are diagnosable from the CI log, then
+          # dump them after the run regardless of outcome.
+          script: |
+            adb logcat -c || true
+            adb logcat -v time flet.python:V flutter:V python:V DartVM:V \
+              ActivityManager:I AndroidRuntime:E libc:E DEBUG:E '*:S' > /tmp/logcat.txt 2>&1 &
+            LOGCAT_PID=$!
+            set +e
+            uv run flet test android -d emulator-5554 --python-version ${PYTHON_VERSION} --yes -v
+            CODE=$?
+            set -e
+            kill "$LOGCAT_PID" 2>/dev/null || true
+            echo "::group::adb logcat (device-side)"
+            cat /tmp/logcat.txt || true
+            echo "::endgroup::"
+            exit $CODE

From 0fbc51efb8a25b833bc1bdbfc211b3755b390674 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Fri, 26 Jun 2026 11:17:48 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 39/60] ci(flet-test): non-blocking android logcat dump; linux
 GL diagnostics

Android: stop streaming logcat live (verbose device logs bog down the
software emulator and stall the job); instead dump the relevant slice of the
ring buffer after the run with non-blocking 'adb logcat -d'.

Linux: add a failure-diagnostic step that reports the active GL renderer
(glxinfo) and runs the built bundle directly to surface its exit-79 crash
output, which the test harness otherwise swallows.
---
 .github/workflows/flet-test.yml | 41 +++++++++++++++++++++++++--------
 1 file changed, 32 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml b/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
index 9236cb5e4b..92f4c87d33 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
@@ -168,6 +168,30 @@ jobs:
           GALLIUM_DRIVER: llvmpipe
         run: ${{ matrix.test_cmd }}
 
+      # -------- Linux: on failure, surface the GL renderer + the bundle's own
+      # crash output (the test harness swallows the app's early exit-79). --------
+      - name: Diagnose Linux failure
+        if: failure() && matrix.platform == 'linux'
+        shell: bash
+        working-directory: ${{ env.APP_DIR }}
+        env:
+          LIBGL_ALWAYS_SOFTWARE: "true"
+          GALLIUM_DRIVER: llvmpipe
+        run: |
+          echo "::group::glxinfo (is llvmpipe active?)"
+          xvfb-run -a glxinfo -B 2>&1 | head -30 || echo "glxinfo unavailable"
+          echo "::endgroup::"
+          echo "::group::Run built Linux bundle directly"
+          BUNDLE="$(find build/flutter/build/linux -type f -name flet_test_counter | head -1)"
+          echo "bundle: ${BUNDLE:-<not found>}"
+          if [ -n "$BUNDLE" ]; then
+            set +e
+            xvfb-run -a "$BUNDLE" 2>&1 | head -80
+            echo "bundle exit: ${PIPESTATUS[0]}"
+            set -e
+          fi
+          echo "::endgroup::"
+
       # -------- Run: Android (inside the emulator) --------
       - name: Run flet test (android)
         if: matrix.platform == 'android'
@@ -180,20 +204,19 @@ jobs:
           disable-animations: true
           emulator-options: -no-snapshot -no-window -gpu swiftshader_indirect -noaudio -no-boot-anim
           working-directory: ${{ env.APP_DIR }}
-          # Capture device-side logs (embedded Python stdout/stderr, Flet, Flutter,
-          # crashes) so on-device failures are diagnosable from the CI log, then
-          # dump them after the run regardless of outcome.
+          # Don't stream logcat live (verbose device logs bog down the software
+          # emulator). Run the test, then dump the relevant slice of the logcat
+          # ring buffer afterwards (non-blocking `-d`) so on-device failures
+          # (embedded Python stdout/stderr, native crashes) are diagnosable.
           script: |
             adb logcat -c || true
-            adb logcat -v time flet.python:V flutter:V python:V DartVM:V \
-              ActivityManager:I AndroidRuntime:E libc:E DEBUG:E '*:S' > /tmp/logcat.txt 2>&1 &
-            LOGCAT_PID=$!
             set +e
             uv run flet test android -d emulator-5554 --python-version ${PYTHON_VERSION} --yes -v
             CODE=$?
             set -e
-            kill "$LOGCAT_PID" 2>/dev/null || true
-            echo "::group::adb logcat (device-side)"
-            cat /tmp/logcat.txt || true
+            echo "::group::adb logcat (device-side, post-run dump)"
+            adb logcat -d -v time \
+              flet.python:V python:V stdout:V stderr:V \
+              AndroidRuntime:E DEBUG:E libc:E '*:S' | tail -n 400 || true
             echo "::endgroup::"
             exit $CODE

From 433869fdd343a4711e9aab4bff3156c247d62d48 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Fri, 26 Jun 2026 11:47:36 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 40/60] fix(flet-test): wait for first render in counter test;
 robust CI diagnostics
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

The counter test asserted on the first frame, but on a device the embedded
Python cold start (interpreter init + import flet + main()) can take several
seconds — longer than the device driver's fixed warmup — so find_by_text('0')
ran before the app rendered and returned 0 on the slow CI emulator (passed
locally on a faster one). pump_and_settle only settles Flutter frames, not a
pending python->dart round-trip, so poll for the first render instead.

CI: make the android logcat dump run even on failure (|| CODE=$?) with a
tight python+crash filter that won't bog the emulator; cap the linux
bundle-diagnostic with timeout so it can't hang the job.
---
 .github/workflows/flet-test.yml               | 30 +++++++++-------
 .../apps/flet_test_counter/tests/test_main.py | 35 ++++++++++++++-----
 2 files changed, 44 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml b/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
index 92f4c87d33..e88b3520af 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
@@ -186,7 +186,9 @@ jobs:
           echo "bundle: ${BUNDLE:-<not found>}"
           if [ -n "$BUNDLE" ]; then
             set +e
-            xvfb-run -a "$BUNDLE" 2>&1 | head -80
+            # The bundle is a GUI event-loop app that never exits on its own;
+            # cap it so this diagnostic can't hang the job.
+            timeout 25 xvfb-run -a "$BUNDLE" 2>&1 | head -80
             echo "bundle exit: ${PIPESTATUS[0]}"
             set -e
           fi
@@ -204,19 +206,21 @@ jobs:
           disable-animations: true
           emulator-options: -no-snapshot -no-window -gpu swiftshader_indirect -noaudio -no-boot-anim
           working-directory: ${{ env.APP_DIR }}
-          # Don't stream logcat live (verbose device logs bog down the software
-          # emulator). Run the test, then dump the relevant slice of the logcat
-          # ring buffer afterwards (non-blocking `-d`) so on-device failures
-          # (embedded Python stdout/stderr, native crashes) are diagnosable.
+          # Capture only the embedded-Python + crash tags to a file (a tight
+          # filter that won't bog down the software emulator the way a verbose
+          # firehose does), then dump it after the run. `|| CODE=$?` guarantees
+          # the dump runs even when the test fails (the runner's script aborts
+          # on the first non-zero exit otherwise).
           script: |
             adb logcat -c || true
-            set +e
-            uv run flet test android -d emulator-5554 --python-version ${PYTHON_VERSION} --yes -v
-            CODE=$?
-            set -e
-            echo "::group::adb logcat (device-side, post-run dump)"
-            adb logcat -d -v time \
-              flet.python:V python:V stdout:V stderr:V \
-              AndroidRuntime:E DEBUG:E libc:E '*:S' | tail -n 400 || true
+            adb logcat -v time \
+              flet.python:V python:V AndroidRuntime:E DEBUG:F libc:F '*:S' \
+              > /tmp/logcat.txt 2>&1 &
+            LCPID=$!
+            CODE=0
+            uv run flet test android -d emulator-5554 --python-version ${PYTHON_VERSION} --yes -v || CODE=$?
+            kill "$LCPID" 2>/dev/null || true
+            echo "::group::device logcat (python + crashes)"
+            tail -n 300 /tmp/logcat.txt || true
             echo "::endgroup::"
             exit $CODE
diff --git a/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/tests/test_main.py b/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/tests/test_main.py
index ce74f2ee2b..847278503b 100644
--- a/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/tests/test_main.py
+++ b/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/tests/test_main.py
@@ -1,21 +1,40 @@
+import asyncio
+
 import flet.testing as ftt
 
 
+async def _find_text_when_ready(tester, text: str, attempts: int = 40):
+    """
+    Pump-and-retry until a control with `text` appears.
+
+    On a device the app runs embedded Python over dart_bridge; its cold start
+    (interpreter init + `import flet` + running `main()`) can take several
+    seconds on a slow emulator, so the first python-driven frame may land after
+    the device driver's fixed warmup. `pump_and_settle` only settles Flutter
+    frames — it can't know a python -> dart round-trip is still in flight — so
+    poll rather than assert on the first frame.
+    """
+    finder = await tester.find_by_text(text)
+    for _ in range(attempts):
+        if finder.count >= 1:
+            break
+        await asyncio.sleep(0.25)
+        await tester.pump_and_settle()
+        finder = await tester.find_by_text(text)
+    return finder
+
+
 async def test_counter(flet_app: ftt.FletTestApp):
     tester = flet_app.tester
 
-    await tester.pump_and_settle()
-
-    # Initial state
-    assert (await tester.find_by_text("0")).count == 1
+    # Initial state (wait for the app's first render).
+    assert (await _find_text_when_ready(tester, "0")).count == 1
 
     # Increment once
     await tester.tap(await tester.find_by_key("increment"))
-    await tester.pump_and_settle()
-    assert (await tester.find_by_text("1")).count == 1
+    assert (await _find_text_when_ready(tester, "1")).count == 1
 
     # Decrement twice -> -1
     await tester.tap(await tester.find_by_key("decrement"))
     await tester.tap(await tester.find_by_key("decrement"))
-    await tester.pump_and_settle()
-    assert (await tester.find_by_text("-1")).count == 1
+    assert (await _find_text_when_ready(tester, "-1")).count == 1

From d3774f4cc4548b2b250b543b3bfb06de84720fe9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Fri, 26 Jun 2026 12:15:47 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 41/60] ci(flet-test): non-blocking android logcat; disable
 AT-SPI a11y on linux
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

Android: drop the background 'adb logcat &' (a streaming child can keep the
emulator-runner script from finishing); dump the ring buffer after the run
with non-blocking 'adb logcat -d' instead.

Linux: the app and software GL are fine (glxinfo shows llvmpipe; the bundle
runs directly without crashing) — exit 79 is specific to the integration_test
path, which enables the semantics tree and makes GTK embed an ATK a11y socket
that doesn't exist under xvfb. Disable the AT-SPI bridge (NO_AT_BRIDGE/GTK_A11Y).
---
 .github/workflows/flet-test.yml | 25 ++++++++++++++-----------
 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml b/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
index e88b3520af..07322e5d50 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
@@ -163,9 +163,15 @@ jobs:
         shell: bash
         working-directory: ${{ env.APP_DIR }}
         # Force Mesa software GL on Linux (xvfb has no GPU); harmless elsewhere.
+        # NO_AT_BRIDGE/GTK_A11Y disable the AT-SPI accessibility bridge: the
+        # integration_test binding turns on the semantics tree, which makes GTK
+        # try to embed an ATK socket onto an a11y bus that doesn't exist under
+        # xvfb (Atk-CRITICAL) — the app then aborts before Flet/Python start.
         env:
           LIBGL_ALWAYS_SOFTWARE: "true"
           GALLIUM_DRIVER: llvmpipe
+          NO_AT_BRIDGE: "1"
+          GTK_A11Y: none
         run: ${{ matrix.test_cmd }}
 
       # -------- Linux: on failure, surface the GL renderer + the bundle's own
@@ -206,21 +212,18 @@ jobs:
           disable-animations: true
           emulator-options: -no-snapshot -no-window -gpu swiftshader_indirect -noaudio -no-boot-anim
           working-directory: ${{ env.APP_DIR }}
-          # Capture only the embedded-Python + crash tags to a file (a tight
-          # filter that won't bog down the software emulator the way a verbose
-          # firehose does), then dump it after the run. `|| CODE=$?` guarantees
-          # the dump runs even when the test fails (the runner's script aborts
-          # on the first non-zero exit otherwise).
+          # No background logcat (a streaming `adb logcat &` can keep the
+          # runner's script from finishing). Enlarge the ring buffer, run the
+          # test, then dump the relevant slice with non-blocking `adb logcat -d`
+          # (dumps + exits). `|| CODE=$?` guarantees the dump runs on failure
+          # (the runner aborts the script on the first non-zero exit otherwise).
           script: |
+            adb logcat -G 4M || true
             adb logcat -c || true
-            adb logcat -v time \
-              flet.python:V python:V AndroidRuntime:E DEBUG:F libc:F '*:S' \
-              > /tmp/logcat.txt 2>&1 &
-            LCPID=$!
             CODE=0
             uv run flet test android -d emulator-5554 --python-version ${PYTHON_VERSION} --yes -v || CODE=$?
-            kill "$LCPID" 2>/dev/null || true
             echo "::group::device logcat (python + crashes)"
-            tail -n 300 /tmp/logcat.txt || true
+            adb logcat -d -v time \
+              flet.python:V python:V AndroidRuntime:E DEBUG:F libc:F '*:S' | tail -n 300 || true
             echo "::endgroup::"
             exit $CODE

From e87d41609b7dfdb70c7447a9589f7a3a29ec722d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Fri, 26 Jun 2026 12:43:26 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 42/60] fix(flet-test): kill android false-green; poll 60s for
 render; logcat to artifact

The android job reported success while pytest actually failed: the
emulator-runner ran the multi-line script such that 'exit $CODE' saw an empty
CODE (and a '\'-continuation in the logcat line broke, dumping the entire
unfiltered logcat = ~58k console lines). Run the script as a single folded
line so the test command is last and its exit code is the job's, and write a
filtered device log (embedded Python + crashes only) to a file via an EXIT
trap, uploaded as an artifact instead of streaming to the console.

Also: the counter never rendered within the 10s poll window on the slow CI
emulator (cold-start embedded Python is much slower there), so poll on a 60s
deadline instead of a fixed 40 attempts.
---
 .github/workflows/flet-test.yml               | 34 +++++++++++--------
 .../apps/flet_test_counter/tests/test_main.py | 30 ++++++++--------
 2 files changed, 35 insertions(+), 29 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml b/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
index 07322e5d50..bbafc1a1c8 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
@@ -212,18 +212,22 @@ jobs:
           disable-animations: true
           emulator-options: -no-snapshot -no-window -gpu swiftshader_indirect -noaudio -no-boot-anim
           working-directory: ${{ env.APP_DIR }}
-          # No background logcat (a streaming `adb logcat &` can keep the
-          # runner's script from finishing). Enlarge the ring buffer, run the
-          # test, then dump the relevant slice with non-blocking `adb logcat -d`
-          # (dumps + exits). `|| CODE=$?` guarantees the dump runs on failure
-          # (the runner aborts the script on the first non-zero exit otherwise).
-          script: |
-            adb logcat -G 4M || true
-            adb logcat -c || true
-            CODE=0
-            uv run flet test android -d emulator-5554 --python-version ${PYTHON_VERSION} --yes -v || CODE=$?
-            echo "::group::device logcat (python + crashes)"
-            adb logcat -d -v time \
-              flet.python:V python:V AndroidRuntime:E DEBUG:F libc:F '*:S' | tail -n 300 || true
-            echo "::endgroup::"
-            exit $CODE
+          # Single folded line => one shell, so the test command is the last
+          # statement and ITS exit code is the job's (no false green). A trap
+          # writes a filtered device log (embedded Python + native crashes only,
+          # everything else silenced) to a file on exit — uploaded as an
+          # artifact below instead of flooding the console.
+          script: >-
+            adb logcat -G 16M || true ;
+            adb logcat -c || true ;
+            trap 'adb logcat -d -v time flet.python:V python:V AndroidRuntime:E DEBUG:F libc:F "*:S" > "$RUNNER_TEMP/android-logcat.txt" 2>&1 || true' EXIT ;
+            uv run flet test android -d emulator-5554 --python-version ${PYTHON_VERSION} --yes -v
+
+      # Upload the device log as an artifact (don't stream it to the console).
+      - name: Upload android logcat
+        if: always() && matrix.platform == 'android'
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: android-logcat
+          path: ${{ runner.temp }}/android-logcat.txt
+          if-no-files-found: ignore
diff --git a/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/tests/test_main.py b/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/tests/test_main.py
index 847278503b..669f2fef0c 100644
--- a/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/tests/test_main.py
+++ b/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/tests/test_main.py
@@ -1,27 +1,29 @@
 import asyncio
+import contextlib
+import time
 
 import flet.testing as ftt
 
 
-async def _find_text_when_ready(tester, text: str, attempts: int = 40):
+async def _find_text_when_ready(tester, text: str, timeout: float = 60.0):
     """
-    Pump-and-retry until a control with `text` appears.
+    Pump-and-retry (up to `timeout` seconds) until a control with `text` appears.
 
     On a device the app runs embedded Python over dart_bridge; its cold start
-    (interpreter init + `import flet` + running `main()`) can take several
-    seconds on a slow emulator, so the first python-driven frame may land after
-    the device driver's fixed warmup. `pump_and_settle` only settles Flutter
-    frames — it can't know a python -> dart round-trip is still in flight — so
-    poll rather than assert on the first frame.
+    (interpreter init + `import flet` + running `main()`) can take tens of
+    seconds on a slow CI emulator, so the first python-driven frame may land
+    well after the device driver's fixed warmup. `pump_and_settle` only settles
+    Flutter frames — it can't know a python -> dart round-trip is still in
+    flight — so poll rather than assert on the first frame.
     """
-    finder = await tester.find_by_text(text)
-    for _ in range(attempts):
-        if finder.count >= 1:
-            break
-        await asyncio.sleep(0.25)
-        await tester.pump_and_settle()
+    deadline = time.monotonic() + timeout
+    while True:
         finder = await tester.find_by_text(text)
-    return finder
+        if finder.count >= 1 or time.monotonic() >= deadline:
+            return finder
+        await asyncio.sleep(0.25)
+        with contextlib.suppress(TimeoutError):
+            await tester.pump_and_settle()
 
 
 async def test_counter(flet_app: ftt.FletTestApp):

From ca9cb2e6af7c3e5ef42b7272fbc879f8e6ee992c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Fri, 26 Jun 2026 16:26:33 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 43/60] test(flet-test): pull serious_python from x86_64
 sysconfigdata fix branch

Temporarily override serious_python_android + serious_python_platform_interface
to flet-dev/serious-python#218 (fix/android-x86_64-sysconfigdata) so the android
x86_64 CI leg validates the fix end-to-end (embedded Python no longer crashes
with ModuleNotFoundError: _sysconfigdata__android_x86_64-linux-android).

Locally confirmed: pubspec.lock resolves to the branch and stdlib.zip now ships
both aarch64 and x86_64 _sysconfigdata. Revert to the pub.dev release once #218
ships.
---
 sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/pyproject.toml | 5 +++++
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+)

diff --git a/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/pyproject.toml b/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/pyproject.toml
index e589264c34..8231903373 100644
--- a/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/pyproject.toml
+++ b/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/pyproject.toml
@@ -44,3 +44,8 @@ flet = "../../../packages/flet"
 # Dart flet = in-repo source (relative to the provisioned build/flutter dir).
 [tool.flet.flutter.pubspec.dependency_overrides]
 flet = { path = "../../../../../../../packages/flet" }
+# TEMPORARY: pull serious_python from the x86_64 _sysconfigdata fix branch
+# (flet-dev/serious-python#218) so the android x86_64 CI leg validates it.
+# Revert to the pub.dev release once that PR ships.
+serious_python_android = { git = { url = "https://github.com/flet-dev/serious-python.git", ref = "fix/android-x86_64-sysconfigdata", path = "src/serious_python_android" } }
+serious_python_platform_interface = { git = { url = "https://github.com/flet-dev/serious-python.git", ref = "fix/android-x86_64-sysconfigdata", path = "src/serious_python_platform_interface" } }

From 6242178f22f1974605996664819183c05649e9c4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Fri, 26 Jun 2026 17:25:32 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 44/60] ci(flet-test): add 40-min job timeout so a hung
 emulator auto-cancels

The android on-device run can wedge (emulator goes offline) and run until the
default 6h limit; cap the job at 40 minutes.
---
 .github/workflows/flet-test.yml | 3 +++
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml b/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
index bbafc1a1c8..009086505d 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
@@ -62,6 +62,9 @@ jobs:
   flet-test:
     name: ${{ matrix.platform }}
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.runner }}
+    # Cap the job so a wedged emulator/simulator (which can hang the on-device
+    # test indefinitely) auto-cancels instead of burning a full runner slot.
+    timeout-minutes: 40
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:

From e0b8d8aa07b1194e0849a76553ead50d10c6636c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Sat, 27 Jun 2026 07:33:50 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 45/60] fix(testing): don't hang in RemoteTester.stop() waiting
 on a dead client
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

After an on-device test passes, teardown calls RemoteTester.stop(), which did
'await self._server.wait_closed()' with no timeout. wait_closed() blocks until
the active _handle_client finishes, but _read_loop blocks on readexactly() until
EOF — and the on-device app's socket close doesn't always deliver EOF to us
(seen on Linux), so the asyncio loop hung forever after 'All tests passed!' (the
flet test process never exits). Cancel the read task so _handle_client completes,
close the writer, and bound wait_closed() with a timeout.
---
 .../flet/src/flet/testing/remote_tester.py        | 15 ++++++++++++++-
 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/testing/remote_tester.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/testing/remote_tester.py
index ea4512febe..0670e27c19 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/testing/remote_tester.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/testing/remote_tester.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import asyncio
 import base64
+import contextlib
 import json
 from dataclasses import asdict, is_dataclass
 from typing import Any, Optional
@@ -123,9 +124,21 @@ def _cleanup_connection(self):
 
     async def stop(self):
         """Stops the TCP server and releases any bound resources."""
+        # Tear down the active client connection first. `_read_loop` blocks on
+        # `readexactly` until it sees EOF, and the on-device app's socket close
+        # does not always deliver that to us (observed on Linux), so without this
+        # `Server.wait_closed()` below would hang forever waiting for the still
+        # running `_handle_client`. Cancelling the read task lets `_handle_client`
+        # finish; the timeout is a final safety net.
+        if self._reader_task is not None and not self._reader_task.done():
+            self._reader_task.cancel()
+        if self._writer is not None:
+            with contextlib.suppress(Exception):
+                self._writer.close()
         if self._server is not None:
             self._server.close()
-            await self._server.wait_closed()
+            with contextlib.suppress(asyncio.TimeoutError):
+                await asyncio.wait_for(self._server.wait_closed(), timeout=5)
             self._server = None
 
     async def _ensure_connected(self):

From 17d368bb18fa0b0913a70f0a851d24f7a5764730 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Sat, 27 Jun 2026 08:03:40 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 46/60] fix(testing): target generated Flutter device test
 driver

---
 .../flet/src/flet/testing/flet_test_app.py    | 20 ++++++-
 .../packages/flet/tests/test_flet_test_app.py | 52 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 71 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
 create mode 100644 sdk/python/packages/flet/tests/test_flet_test_app.py

diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/testing/flet_test_app.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/testing/flet_test_app.py
index 14a8d04fdf..3a3ce1584f 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/testing/flet_test_app.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/testing/flet_test_app.py
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ async def main(page: ft.Page):
         # The resolved Flutter executable (full path, `flutter.bat` on Windows)
         # is passed by `flet test`; fall back to a bare "flutter" on PATH.
         flutter_exe = os.getenv("FLET_TEST_FLUTTER_EXE", "flutter")
-        flutter_args = ["fvm", flutter_exe, "test", "integration_test"]
+        flutter_args = ["fvm", flutter_exe, "test", self.__flutter_test_target()]
 
         if self.__disable_fvm:
             flutter_args.pop(0)
@@ -336,6 +336,24 @@ def connected() -> bool:
                     f"{self.__flutter_process.returncode}"
                 )
 
+    def __flutter_test_target(self) -> str:
+        if not self.__device_mode:
+            return "integration_test"
+
+        app_test_path = (
+            Path(self.__flutter_app_dir) / "integration_test" / "app_test.dart"
+        )
+        if app_test_path.is_file():
+            if not app_test_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8").strip():
+                raise RuntimeError(
+                    f"Flutter integration test driver is empty: {app_test_path}"
+                )
+            return str(Path("integration_test") / "app_test.dart")
+
+        raise RuntimeError(
+            f"Flutter integration test driver was not generated: {app_test_path}"
+        )
+
     async def teardown(self):
         """
         Teardown Flutter integration test process.
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/tests/test_flet_test_app.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/tests/test_flet_test_app.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b9fb8a0bc4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/tests/test_flet_test_app.py
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import pytest
+
+from flet.testing.flet_test_app import FletTestApp
+
+
+def test_flutter_test_target_uses_generated_app_test(tmp_path):
+    app_test = tmp_path / "integration_test" / "app_test.dart"
+    app_test.parent.mkdir()
+    app_test.write_text("void main() {}\n", encoding="utf-8")
+
+    flet_app = FletTestApp(flutter_app_dir=tmp_path, device_mode=True)
+
+    assert flet_app._FletTestApp__flutter_test_target() == str(
+        Path("integration_test") / "app_test.dart"
+    )
+
+
+def test_flutter_test_target_requires_generated_app_test_in_device_mode(tmp_path):
+    flet_app = FletTestApp(flutter_app_dir=tmp_path, device_mode=True)
+
+    with pytest.raises(
+        RuntimeError,
+        match="Flutter integration test driver was not generated",
+    ):
+        flet_app._FletTestApp__flutter_test_target()
+
+
+def test_flutter_test_target_rejects_empty_app_test(tmp_path):
+    app_test = tmp_path / "integration_test" / "app_test.dart"
+    app_test.parent.mkdir()
+    app_test.write_text(" \n", encoding="utf-8")
+    flet_app = FletTestApp(flutter_app_dir=tmp_path, device_mode=True)
+
+    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match="Flutter integration test driver is empty"):
+        flet_app._FletTestApp__flutter_test_target()
+
+
+def test_flutter_test_target_keeps_directory_fallback_in_host_mode(tmp_path):
+    flet_app = FletTestApp(flutter_app_dir=tmp_path)
+
+    assert flet_app._FletTestApp__flutter_test_target() == "integration_test"
+
+
+def test_flutter_test_target_keeps_directory_target_for_host_app_test(tmp_path):
+    app_test = tmp_path / "integration_test" / "app_test.dart"
+    app_test.parent.mkdir()
+    app_test.write_text("void main() {}\n", encoding="utf-8")
+    flet_app = FletTestApp(flutter_app_dir=tmp_path)
+
+    assert flet_app._FletTestApp__flutter_test_target() == "integration_test"

From d932480904b2db6725ce82504256343cb92c1ff6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Sat, 27 Jun 2026 08:23:57 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 47/60] ci(flet-test): capture x86_64 linux integration-test
 verbose diagnostic

The linux job fails with 'No tests were found' + exit 79 on the x86_64 official
flutter (passes on arm64). flet_test_app already uses the file-form target and
verifies app_test.dart is non-empty, so it's neither. Re-run the integration
test directly with --verbose (unreachable dummy server) to capture which build
target/entrypoint flutter uses, whether the testWidgets body runs, and the exit
reason; upload the full verbose log as an artifact.
---
 .github/workflows/flet-test.yml               | 25 +++++++++++++++++++
 client/linux/my_application.cc                |  5 ++++
 .../linux/my_application.cc                   |  5 ++++
 3 files changed, 35 insertions(+)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml b/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
index 009086505d..8185f7e044 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
@@ -202,6 +202,31 @@ jobs:
             set -e
           fi
           echo "::endgroup::"
+          # Re-run the integration test directly with --verbose to see why the
+          # x86_64 runner reports "No tests were found" (which build target /
+          # entrypoint it uses, whether the testWidgets body actually runs, and
+          # the exit reason). Use an unreachable server so the test body starts
+          # but doesn't block; full log is uploaded as an artifact.
+          echo "::group::flutter test integration_test/app_test.dart --verbose"
+          set +e
+          ( cd build/flutter && timeout 180 xvfb-run -a flutter test integration_test/app_test.dart \
+              -d linux --verbose \
+              --dart-define=FLET_TEST=true \
+              --dart-define=FLET_TEST_SERVER_URL=tcp://127.0.0.1:59999 \
+              > "$RUNNER_TEMP/linux-flutter-verbose.txt" 2>&1 )
+          echo "verbose run exit: $?"
+          grep -inE "Building|target=|\.dart_tool|main\.dart|app_test|FLUTTER_TARGET|dart_entrypoint|No tests were found|tests? passed|end-to-end|Connecting to remote tester|BEFORE|isolate|exited|No devices|loadDuration|^Skip|Compiling|frontend" \
+            "$RUNNER_TEMP/linux-flutter-verbose.txt" | head -70
+          set -e
+          echo "::endgroup::"
+
+      - name: Upload Linux verbose log
+        if: failure() && matrix.platform == 'linux'
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: linux-flutter-verbose
+          path: ${{ runner.temp }}/linux-flutter-verbose.txt
+          if-no-files-found: ignore
 
       # -------- Run: Android (inside the emulator) --------
       - name: Run flet test (android)
diff --git a/client/linux/my_application.cc b/client/linux/my_application.cc
index 7bc5ee4d3d..730d2d6d14 100644
--- a/client/linux/my_application.cc
+++ b/client/linux/my_application.cc
@@ -59,6 +59,11 @@ static void my_application_activate(GApplication* application) {
   gtk_widget_show(GTK_WIDGET(view));
   gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window), GTK_WIDGET(view));
 
+  // Realize the Flutter view while the top-level window is still hidden; this
+  // lets Flutter render its first frames and lets integration tests attach
+  // before Dart decides whether the app window should be shown.
+  gtk_widget_realize(GTK_WIDGET(view));
+
   fl_register_plugins(FL_PLUGIN_REGISTRY(view));
 
   gtk_widget_grab_focus(GTK_WIDGET(view));
diff --git a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/linux/my_application.cc b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/linux/my_application.cc
index 633f33c6dc..7b0dd02c37 100644
--- a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/linux/my_application.cc
+++ b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/linux/my_application.cc
@@ -57,6 +57,11 @@ static void my_application_activate(GApplication* application) {
   gtk_widget_show(GTK_WIDGET(view));
   gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window), GTK_WIDGET(view));
 
+  // Realize the Flutter view while the top-level window is still hidden; this
+  // lets Flutter render its first frames and lets integration tests attach
+  // before Dart decides whether the app window should be shown.
+  gtk_widget_realize(GTK_WIDGET(view));
+
   fl_register_plugins(FL_PLUGIN_REGISTRY(view));
 
   gtk_widget_grab_focus(GTK_WIDGET(view));

From 1590ca3031507ccdef9bd3da9f79014bba19fe67 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Sat, 27 Jun 2026 08:35:51 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 48/60] fix(testing): skip linux ready-to-show wait under flet
 test

---
 packages/flet/lib/src/utils.dart                      |  9 ++++++++-
 .../build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/lib/main.dart      | 11 +++++++++--
 2 files changed, 17 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/flet/lib/src/utils.dart b/packages/flet/lib/src/utils.dart
index 5926764776..880e85a1b7 100644
--- a/packages/flet/lib/src/utils.dart
+++ b/packages/flet/lib/src/utils.dart
@@ -6,7 +6,10 @@ import 'package:window_manager/window_manager.dart';
 
 import 'utils/platform.dart';
 
-Future setupDesktop({bool hideWindowOnStart = false}) async {
+Future setupDesktop({
+  bool hideWindowOnStart = false,
+  bool waitUntilReadyToShow = true,
+}) async {
   if (isDesktopPlatform()) {
     WidgetsFlutterBinding.ensureInitialized();
     await windowManager.ensureInitialized();
@@ -16,6 +19,10 @@ Future setupDesktop({bool hideWindowOnStart = false}) async {
     debugPrint("hideWindowOnStart: $hideWindowOnStart");
     debugPrint("hideWindowOnStartEnv: $hideWindowOnStartEnv");
 
+    if (!waitUntilReadyToShow) {
+      return;
+    }
+
     await windowManager.waitUntilReadyToShow(null, () async {
       if (hideWindowOnStartEnv == null && !hideWindowOnStart) {
         await windowManager.show();
diff --git a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/lib/main.dart b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/lib/main.dart
index b11f3c216f..fdd77c643d 100644
--- a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/lib/main.dart
+++ b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/lib/main.dart
@@ -290,7 +290,15 @@ Future prepareApp() async {
     _args.remove("--debug");
   }
 
-  await setupDesktop(hideWindowOnStart: hideWindowOnStart);
+  // Linux desktop integration tests run under xvfb; waiting for the native
+  // ready-to-show callback can keep WidgetTester from reaching the remote
+  // tester connection.
+  await setupDesktop(
+    hideWindowOnStart: hideWindowOnStart,
+    waitUntilReadyToShow:
+        !(const bool.fromEnvironment("FLET_TEST") &&
+            defaultTargetPlatform == TargetPlatform.linux),
+  );
 
   if (kIsWeb) {
     // web mode - connect via HTTP
@@ -391,4 +399,3 @@ Future<String?> runPythonApp(List<String> args) async {
     args: args,
   );
 }
-

From 84eda425f5037792483d89a9551881f3062c0b1e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Sat, 27 Jun 2026 08:44:52 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 49/60] fix(testing): show linux test window without ready wait

---
 packages/flet/lib/src/utils.dart | 15 +++++++++------
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/flet/lib/src/utils.dart b/packages/flet/lib/src/utils.dart
index 880e85a1b7..d6301166b0 100644
--- a/packages/flet/lib/src/utils.dart
+++ b/packages/flet/lib/src/utils.dart
@@ -19,15 +19,18 @@ Future setupDesktop({
     debugPrint("hideWindowOnStart: $hideWindowOnStart");
     debugPrint("hideWindowOnStartEnv: $hideWindowOnStartEnv");
 
-    if (!waitUntilReadyToShow) {
-      return;
-    }
-
-    await windowManager.waitUntilReadyToShow(null, () async {
+    Future<void> showWindow() async {
       if (hideWindowOnStartEnv == null && !hideWindowOnStart) {
         await windowManager.show();
         await windowManager.focus();
       }
-    });
+    }
+
+    if (!waitUntilReadyToShow) {
+      await showWindow();
+      return;
+    }
+
+    await windowManager.waitUntilReadyToShow(null, showWindow);
   }
 }

From 85349e42a553f8da47f6f9dd1633b1828cfd0147 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Sat, 27 Jun 2026 09:17:56 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 50/60] fix(testing): size hidden linux integration test
 surface

---
 packages/flet/lib/src/utils.dart                  | 15 ++++++---------
 .../lib/src/device_test.dart                      |  7 +++++++
 2 files changed, 13 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/packages/flet/lib/src/utils.dart b/packages/flet/lib/src/utils.dart
index d6301166b0..880e85a1b7 100644
--- a/packages/flet/lib/src/utils.dart
+++ b/packages/flet/lib/src/utils.dart
@@ -19,18 +19,15 @@ Future setupDesktop({
     debugPrint("hideWindowOnStart: $hideWindowOnStart");
     debugPrint("hideWindowOnStartEnv: $hideWindowOnStartEnv");
 
-    Future<void> showWindow() async {
-      if (hideWindowOnStartEnv == null && !hideWindowOnStart) {
-        await windowManager.show();
-        await windowManager.focus();
-      }
-    }
-
     if (!waitUntilReadyToShow) {
-      await showWindow();
       return;
     }
 
-    await windowManager.waitUntilReadyToShow(null, showWindow);
+    await windowManager.waitUntilReadyToShow(null, () async {
+      if (hideWindowOnStartEnv == null && !hideWindowOnStart) {
+        await windowManager.show();
+        await windowManager.focus();
+      }
+    });
   }
 }
diff --git a/packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/device_test.dart b/packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/device_test.dart
index c25716f70f..f39c5ffcd1 100644
--- a/packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/device_test.dart
+++ b/packages/flet_integration_test/lib/src/device_test.dart
@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 // ignore_for_file: depend_on_referenced_packages
+import 'dart:ui';
+
 import 'package:flutter/foundation.dart';
 import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';
 import 'package:integration_test/integration_test.dart';
@@ -22,6 +24,11 @@ void runFletDeviceTest({required void Function(List<String>) appMain}) {
         throw Exception("FLET_TEST_SERVER_URL dart-define is required.");
       }
 
+      if (!kIsWeb && defaultTargetPlatform == TargetPlatform.linux) {
+        await binding.setSurfaceSize(const Size(1280, 720));
+        addTearDown(() => binding.setSurfaceSize(null));
+      }
+
       // Launch the on-device app (no args => production/dart_bridge mode) and
       // pump frames here, in the test body, so it starts and renders its first
       // UI before any remote command arrives.

From e58afbc0b9a3104ddedae8fdc0ef1ff0eb7fc215 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Sat, 27 Jun 2026 09:26:33 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 51/60] ci(flet-test): remove linux diagnostic artifact

---
 .github/workflows/flet-test.yml | 51 ---------------------------------
 1 file changed, 51 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml b/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
index 8185f7e044..44adc223a7 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
@@ -177,57 +177,6 @@ jobs:
           GTK_A11Y: none
         run: ${{ matrix.test_cmd }}
 
-      # -------- Linux: on failure, surface the GL renderer + the bundle's own
-      # crash output (the test harness swallows the app's early exit-79). --------
-      - name: Diagnose Linux failure
-        if: failure() && matrix.platform == 'linux'
-        shell: bash
-        working-directory: ${{ env.APP_DIR }}
-        env:
-          LIBGL_ALWAYS_SOFTWARE: "true"
-          GALLIUM_DRIVER: llvmpipe
-        run: |
-          echo "::group::glxinfo (is llvmpipe active?)"
-          xvfb-run -a glxinfo -B 2>&1 | head -30 || echo "glxinfo unavailable"
-          echo "::endgroup::"
-          echo "::group::Run built Linux bundle directly"
-          BUNDLE="$(find build/flutter/build/linux -type f -name flet_test_counter | head -1)"
-          echo "bundle: ${BUNDLE:-<not found>}"
-          if [ -n "$BUNDLE" ]; then
-            set +e
-            # The bundle is a GUI event-loop app that never exits on its own;
-            # cap it so this diagnostic can't hang the job.
-            timeout 25 xvfb-run -a "$BUNDLE" 2>&1 | head -80
-            echo "bundle exit: ${PIPESTATUS[0]}"
-            set -e
-          fi
-          echo "::endgroup::"
-          # Re-run the integration test directly with --verbose to see why the
-          # x86_64 runner reports "No tests were found" (which build target /
-          # entrypoint it uses, whether the testWidgets body actually runs, and
-          # the exit reason). Use an unreachable server so the test body starts
-          # but doesn't block; full log is uploaded as an artifact.
-          echo "::group::flutter test integration_test/app_test.dart --verbose"
-          set +e
-          ( cd build/flutter && timeout 180 xvfb-run -a flutter test integration_test/app_test.dart \
-              -d linux --verbose \
-              --dart-define=FLET_TEST=true \
-              --dart-define=FLET_TEST_SERVER_URL=tcp://127.0.0.1:59999 \
-              > "$RUNNER_TEMP/linux-flutter-verbose.txt" 2>&1 )
-          echo "verbose run exit: $?"
-          grep -inE "Building|target=|\.dart_tool|main\.dart|app_test|FLUTTER_TARGET|dart_entrypoint|No tests were found|tests? passed|end-to-end|Connecting to remote tester|BEFORE|isolate|exited|No devices|loadDuration|^Skip|Compiling|frontend" \
-            "$RUNNER_TEMP/linux-flutter-verbose.txt" | head -70
-          set -e
-          echo "::endgroup::"
-
-      - name: Upload Linux verbose log
-        if: failure() && matrix.platform == 'linux'
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
-        with:
-          name: linux-flutter-verbose
-          path: ${{ runner.temp }}/linux-flutter-verbose.txt
-          if-no-files-found: ignore
-
       # -------- Run: Android (inside the emulator) --------
       - name: Run flet test (android)
         if: matrix.platform == 'android'

From 540961a0a57020b1b9058e6e733d38b1535c361f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Sat, 27 Jun 2026 13:48:40 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 52/60] refactor(testing): use directory target, keep
 generated-driver guard

The dir->file change in 17d368bb1 was not what fixed Linux (the window-realize
/ ready-to-show fixes were; both the dir and file forms reported 'No tests were
found' until then). Revert the flutter test target to the directory form
('integration_test') and keep only the useful part: in device mode, validate
the generated integration_test/app_test.dart exists and is non-empty so a
missing/empty driver surfaces as a clear error instead of a confusing
'No tests were found'.
---
 .../flet/src/flet/testing/flet_test_app.py    | 27 ++++++++++---------
 .../packages/flet/tests/test_flet_test_app.py |  9 +++----
 2 files changed, 18 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-)

diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/testing/flet_test_app.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/testing/flet_test_app.py
index 3a3ce1584f..e229d23136 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/testing/flet_test_app.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/src/flet/testing/flet_test_app.py
@@ -337,22 +337,25 @@ def connected() -> bool:
                 )
 
     def __flutter_test_target(self) -> str:
-        if not self.__device_mode:
-            return "integration_test"
-
-        app_test_path = (
-            Path(self.__flutter_app_dir) / "integration_test" / "app_test.dart"
-        )
-        if app_test_path.is_file():
+        # In device mode the driver (`integration_test/app_test.dart`) is
+        # generated from the template; validate it exists and is non-empty so a
+        # missing/empty driver surfaces as a clear error instead of a confusing
+        # "No tests were found" from `flutter test`. The directory target is
+        # used either way.
+        if self.__device_mode:
+            app_test_path = (
+                Path(self.__flutter_app_dir) / "integration_test" / "app_test.dart"
+            )
+            if not app_test_path.is_file():
+                raise RuntimeError(
+                    f"Flutter integration test driver was not generated: "
+                    f"{app_test_path}"
+                )
             if not app_test_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8").strip():
                 raise RuntimeError(
                     f"Flutter integration test driver is empty: {app_test_path}"
                 )
-            return str(Path("integration_test") / "app_test.dart")
-
-        raise RuntimeError(
-            f"Flutter integration test driver was not generated: {app_test_path}"
-        )
+        return "integration_test"
 
     async def teardown(self):
         """
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/tests/test_flet_test_app.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/tests/test_flet_test_app.py
index b9fb8a0bc4..58408656a9 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/tests/test_flet_test_app.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet/tests/test_flet_test_app.py
@@ -1,20 +1,17 @@
-from pathlib import Path
-
 import pytest
 
 from flet.testing.flet_test_app import FletTestApp
 
 
-def test_flutter_test_target_uses_generated_app_test(tmp_path):
+def test_flutter_test_target_validates_generated_app_test_in_device_mode(tmp_path):
     app_test = tmp_path / "integration_test" / "app_test.dart"
     app_test.parent.mkdir()
     app_test.write_text("void main() {}\n", encoding="utf-8")
 
     flet_app = FletTestApp(flutter_app_dir=tmp_path, device_mode=True)
 
-    assert flet_app._FletTestApp__flutter_test_target() == str(
-        Path("integration_test") / "app_test.dart"
-    )
+    # The directory target is used; the generated driver is only validated.
+    assert flet_app._FletTestApp__flutter_test_target() == "integration_test"
 
 
 def test_flutter_test_target_requires_generated_app_test_in_device_mode(tmp_path):

From 3e4eee02987418fa878b0456ca7a9982a50cd57a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Sat, 27 Jun 2026 13:52:42 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 53/60] test(flet-test): simplify counter test to plain
 pump_and_settle + assert
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

Drop the _find_text_when_ready polling helper. It was a band-aid for the
android render race, but the real cause was the serious_python x86_64 crash
(PR #218) — now fixed. Try the plain template-style test and let CI confirm the
counter renders in time on the slow emulator.
---
 .../apps/flet_test_counter/tests/test_main.py | 37 ++++---------------
 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 29 deletions(-)

diff --git a/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/tests/test_main.py b/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/tests/test_main.py
index 669f2fef0c..ce74f2ee2b 100644
--- a/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/tests/test_main.py
+++ b/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/tests/test_main.py
@@ -1,42 +1,21 @@
-import asyncio
-import contextlib
-import time
-
 import flet.testing as ftt
 
 
-async def _find_text_when_ready(tester, text: str, timeout: float = 60.0):
-    """
-    Pump-and-retry (up to `timeout` seconds) until a control with `text` appears.
-
-    On a device the app runs embedded Python over dart_bridge; its cold start
-    (interpreter init + `import flet` + running `main()`) can take tens of
-    seconds on a slow CI emulator, so the first python-driven frame may land
-    well after the device driver's fixed warmup. `pump_and_settle` only settles
-    Flutter frames — it can't know a python -> dart round-trip is still in
-    flight — so poll rather than assert on the first frame.
-    """
-    deadline = time.monotonic() + timeout
-    while True:
-        finder = await tester.find_by_text(text)
-        if finder.count >= 1 or time.monotonic() >= deadline:
-            return finder
-        await asyncio.sleep(0.25)
-        with contextlib.suppress(TimeoutError):
-            await tester.pump_and_settle()
-
-
 async def test_counter(flet_app: ftt.FletTestApp):
     tester = flet_app.tester
 
-    # Initial state (wait for the app's first render).
-    assert (await _find_text_when_ready(tester, "0")).count == 1
+    await tester.pump_and_settle()
+
+    # Initial state
+    assert (await tester.find_by_text("0")).count == 1
 
     # Increment once
     await tester.tap(await tester.find_by_key("increment"))
-    assert (await _find_text_when_ready(tester, "1")).count == 1
+    await tester.pump_and_settle()
+    assert (await tester.find_by_text("1")).count == 1
 
     # Decrement twice -> -1
     await tester.tap(await tester.find_by_key("decrement"))
     await tester.tap(await tester.find_by_key("decrement"))
-    assert (await _find_text_when_ready(tester, "-1")).count == 1
+    await tester.pump_and_settle()
+    assert (await tester.find_by_text("-1")).count == 1

From 89c9ae8cae794d6f51a9643c887e34f18f345928 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Sat, 27 Jun 2026 14:07:24 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 54/60] Bump Flutter SDK to 3.44.4

Update .fvmrc to pin Flutter version 3.44.4 (patch bump from 3.44.3) to ensure a consistent SDK across development and CI environments.
---
 .fvmrc | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/.fvmrc b/.fvmrc
index d703088100..de1495ac7b 100644
--- a/.fvmrc
+++ b/.fvmrc
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 {
-  "flutter": "3.44.3"
+  "flutter": "3.44.4"
 }

From 62c51082277416c8825cd0e4f02445bd763874f2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Sat, 27 Jun 2026 14:15:11 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 55/60] ci(flet-test): drop dead mesa-utils + obsolete a11y env

- mesa-utils was only used by glxinfo in the (removed) Diagnose Linux step.
- NO_AT_BRIDGE/GTK_A11Y were added mid-debugging but didn't fix Linux (the
  window realize / ready-to-show change did); the Atk-CRITICAL warnings were
  non-fatal. Remove them and the now-inaccurate comment. Keep the software-GL
  env (xvfb has no GPU) and the android logcat artifact (only window into
  on-device failures).
---
 .github/workflows/flet-test.yml | 8 +-------
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml b/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
index 44adc223a7..7d02a20692 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ jobs:
           # xvfb has no GPU; the Flutter GTK app needs Mesa's software GL
           # (llvmpipe) or it crashes on GL context creation (exit 79).
           sudo apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
-            $LINUX_DEPS xvfb libgl1-mesa-dri mesa-utils
+            $LINUX_DEPS xvfb libgl1-mesa-dri
           sudo apt-get clean
 
       # -------- iOS: boot a simulator, capture its UDID --------
@@ -166,15 +166,9 @@ jobs:
         shell: bash
         working-directory: ${{ env.APP_DIR }}
         # Force Mesa software GL on Linux (xvfb has no GPU); harmless elsewhere.
-        # NO_AT_BRIDGE/GTK_A11Y disable the AT-SPI accessibility bridge: the
-        # integration_test binding turns on the semantics tree, which makes GTK
-        # try to embed an ATK socket onto an a11y bus that doesn't exist under
-        # xvfb (Atk-CRITICAL) — the app then aborts before Flet/Python start.
         env:
           LIBGL_ALWAYS_SOFTWARE: "true"
           GALLIUM_DRIVER: llvmpipe
-          NO_AT_BRIDGE: "1"
-          GTK_A11Y: none
         run: ${{ matrix.test_cmd }}
 
       # -------- Run: Android (inside the emulator) --------

From 3f9efc8b97129e602863127cdcd682a89fd25eee Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Sat, 27 Jun 2026 14:24:04 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 56/60] feat(cli): install Flutter on arm64 Linux via git
 clone; add CI leg

Flutter publishes no prebuilt arm64 Linux SDK (releases are x64-only), so
flet-cli's install_flutter downloaded a broken x64 tarball on arm64 Linux. For
arm64 Linux, clone the SDK at the version tag instead; the first 'flutter' run
then fetches the arch-appropriate engine/Dart artifacts (how fvm/git installs
work).

Add a 'linux-arm64' CI leg (ubuntu-24.04-arm) that skips the Flutter setup
action so 'flet test' installs Flutter via this path, exercising it end-to-end.
---
 .github/workflows/flet-test.yml               | 15 ++++-
 .../flet-cli/src/flet_cli/utils/flutter.py    | 64 +++++++++++++------
 2 files changed, 56 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml b/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
index 7d02a20692..09a9565c53 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
@@ -85,6 +85,13 @@ jobs:
             runner: ubuntu-latest
             test_cmd: xvfb-run -a uv run flet test linux --python-version ${PYTHON_VERSION} --yes -v
 
+          # arm64 Linux: no kuhnroyal/Flutter action (Flutter ships no prebuilt
+          # arm64 Linux SDK) — `flet test` installs Flutter itself via a git
+          # clone of the SDK, exercising flet-cli's arm64 Linux install path.
+          - platform: linux-arm64
+            runner: ubuntu-24.04-arm
+            test_cmd: xvfb-run -a uv run flet test linux --python-version ${PYTHON_VERSION} --yes -v
+
           - platform: android
             runner: ubuntu-latest
             # Run command lives in the emulator-runner step below.
@@ -107,7 +114,9 @@ jobs:
           source "${SCRIPTS}/common.sh"
           patch_python_package_versions
 
+      # arm64 Linux gets no prebuilt Flutter SDK — `flet test` installs it.
       - name: Setup Flutter
+        if: matrix.platform != 'linux-arm64'
         uses: kuhnroyal/flutter-fvm-config-action/setup@v3
         with:
           path: '.fvmrc'
@@ -118,11 +127,11 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           uv --version
           uv run --project sdk/python/packages/flet-cli python --version
-          flutter --version
+          flutter --version || echo "Flutter not on PATH yet (flet test will install it)."
 
-      # -------- Linux: build deps + virtual display --------
+      # -------- Linux: build deps + virtual display (x64 and arm64) --------
       - name: Install Linux dependencies
-        if: matrix.platform == 'linux'
+        if: startsWith(matrix.platform, 'linux')
         shell: bash
         run: |
           sudo apt-get update --allow-releaseinfo-change
diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/utils/flutter.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/utils/flutter.py
index 92e143d548..82820c23af 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/utils/flutter.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/utils/flutter.py
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import os
 import platform
 import shutil
+import subprocess
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Optional
 
@@ -9,6 +10,16 @@
 
 from flet_cli.utils.distros import download_with_progress, extract_with_progress
 
+FLUTTER_GIT_URL = "https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git"
+
+
+def is_arm64_linux() -> bool:
+    """Whether the host is arm64 Linux, which has no prebuilt Flutter SDK."""
+    return platform.system() == "Linux" and platform.machine().lower() in (
+        "aarch64",
+        "arm64",
+    )
+
 
 def get_flutter_url(version):
     """Determines the Flutter archive URL based on the platform."""
@@ -65,26 +76,39 @@ def install_flutter(version, log, progress: Optional[Progress] = None):
     home_dir = Path.home()
 
     if not os.path.exists(install_dir):
-        url = get_flutter_url(version)
-        archive_name = os.path.basename(url)
-        archive_path = os.path.join(home_dir, archive_name)
-
-        log(f"Downloading Flutter {version} from {url}...")
-        download_with_progress(url, archive_path, progress=progress)
-
-        log(f"Extracting Flutter to {install_dir}...")
-        temp_extract_dir = os.path.join(home_dir, "flutter", f"{version}_temp")
-        os.makedirs(temp_extract_dir, exist_ok=True)
-
-        extract_with_progress(archive_path, temp_extract_dir, progress=progress)
-
-        # Move extracted 'flutter' directory contents to final destination
-        flutter_root = os.path.join(temp_extract_dir, "flutter")
-        shutil.move(flutter_root, install_dir)
-
-        # Clean up
-        os.remove(archive_path)
-        shutil.rmtree(temp_extract_dir)
+        if is_arm64_linux():
+            # Flutter publishes no prebuilt arm64 Linux SDK (its releases are
+            # x64-only), so clone the SDK at the version tag; the first `flutter`
+            # invocation then downloads the arch-appropriate engine/Dart SDK into
+            # its own cache. This mirrors how `fvm`/git-based installs work.
+            os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(install_dir), exist_ok=True)
+            log(f"Cloning Flutter {version} for arm64 Linux from {FLUTTER_GIT_URL}...")
+            subprocess.run(
+                ["git", "clone", "--depth", "1", "--branch", version]
+                + [FLUTTER_GIT_URL, install_dir],
+                check=True,
+            )
+        else:
+            url = get_flutter_url(version)
+            archive_name = os.path.basename(url)
+            archive_path = os.path.join(home_dir, archive_name)
+
+            log(f"Downloading Flutter {version} from {url}...")
+            download_with_progress(url, archive_path, progress=progress)
+
+            log(f"Extracting Flutter to {install_dir}...")
+            temp_extract_dir = os.path.join(home_dir, "flutter", f"{version}_temp")
+            os.makedirs(temp_extract_dir, exist_ok=True)
+
+            extract_with_progress(archive_path, temp_extract_dir, progress=progress)
+
+            # Move extracted 'flutter' directory contents to final destination
+            flutter_root = os.path.join(temp_extract_dir, "flutter")
+            shutil.move(flutter_root, install_dir)
+
+            # Clean up
+            os.remove(archive_path)
+            shutil.rmtree(temp_extract_dir)
 
         log(f"Flutter {version} installed at {install_dir}.")
     return install_dir

From d2514fa966480fbf4f80bf823efbedca6baeaed5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Sat, 27 Jun 2026 14:31:24 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 57/60] fix(cli): precache engine after arm64 Linux Flutter
 clone

A bare git clone has no bin/cache, so 'dart run serious_python:main' failed
with 'could not find package sky_engine ... solving failed'. Run
'flutter precache --linux' right after the clone to populate the engine
artifacts (sky_engine + the Linux desktop engine) the prebuilt archives ship.
---
 .../packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/utils/flutter.py  | 12 +++++++++---
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/utils/flutter.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/utils/flutter.py
index 82820c23af..8d8c1394d9 100644
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/utils/flutter.py
+++ b/sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/src/flet_cli/utils/flutter.py
@@ -78,9 +78,12 @@ def install_flutter(version, log, progress: Optional[Progress] = None):
     if not os.path.exists(install_dir):
         if is_arm64_linux():
             # Flutter publishes no prebuilt arm64 Linux SDK (its releases are
-            # x64-only), so clone the SDK at the version tag; the first `flutter`
-            # invocation then downloads the arch-appropriate engine/Dart SDK into
-            # its own cache. This mirrors how `fvm`/git-based installs work.
+            # x64-only), so clone the SDK at the version tag, then precache its
+            # engine artifacts. The prebuilt archives ship these under
+            # `bin/cache` (incl. the `sky_engine` package that `dart run` /
+            # `flutter build` resolve); a bare clone does not, so without the
+            # precache pub solving fails with "could not find package sky_engine".
+            # The downloaded artifacts are arch-appropriate (mirrors fvm/git).
             os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(install_dir), exist_ok=True)
             log(f"Cloning Flutter {version} for arm64 Linux from {FLUTTER_GIT_URL}...")
             subprocess.run(
@@ -88,6 +91,9 @@ def install_flutter(version, log, progress: Optional[Progress] = None):
                 + [FLUTTER_GIT_URL, install_dir],
                 check=True,
             )
+            log(f"Precaching Flutter {version} engine artifacts...")
+            flutter_exe = os.path.join(install_dir, "bin", "flutter")
+            subprocess.run([flutter_exe, "precache", "--linux"], check=True)
         else:
             url = get_flutter_url(version)
             archive_name = os.path.basename(url)

From 6a3398aa58fae3f402d2ab33f5214d25a06bce1c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 2026 13:14:34 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 58/60] test(flet-test): matrix Python 3.12/3.13/3.14; app
 shows + test asserts version

- CI matrix now crosses each platform with python 3.12/3.13/3.14 (job env
  PYTHON_VERSION/EXPECTED_PYTHON_VERSION from matrix; dropped the workflow_dispatch
  python_version input the matrix supersedes).
- Counter app displays 'Python <platform.python_version()>'.
- test_counter asserts the app reports the expected major.minor
  (EXPECTED_PYTHON_VERSION), falling back to 'any version shown' locally.
  Validated on macOS (renders Python 3.14.6; 1 passed).
---
 .github/workflows/flet-test.yml               | 20 ++++++++--------
 .../apps/flet_test_counter/src/main.py        | 23 +++++++++++++++----
 .../apps/flet_test_counter/tests/test_main.py | 14 +++++++++++
 3 files changed, 42 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml b/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
index 09a9565c53..7062eca6a7 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/flet-test.yml
@@ -28,11 +28,6 @@ on:
       - 'sdk/python/packages/flet-cli/**'
       - 'sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/**'
   workflow_dispatch:
-    inputs:
-      python_version:
-        description: "Python version to bundle into the test app."
-        type: string
-        default: "3.14"
 
 # Ensure only one run per branch (PR or push), cancel older ones
 concurrency:
@@ -46,8 +41,8 @@ env:
   APP_DIR: "sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter"
 
   # Host venv (runs flet-cli + pytest). The *embedded* app runtime is built
-  # against PYTHON_VERSION (3.14) via `--python-version`; the host stays on 3.13
-  # for stable test-dependency wheels (numpy/pillow/scikit-image).
+  # against the matrix python version via `--python-version`; the host stays on
+  # 3.13 for stable test-dependency wheels (numpy/pillow/scikit-image).
   UV_PYTHON: "3.13"
   PYTHONUTF8: 1
 
@@ -56,18 +51,23 @@ env:
   # Use the Flutter the setup action puts on PATH, not fvm.
   FLET_TEST_DISABLE_FVM: 1
 
-  PYTHON_VERSION: ${{ github.event.inputs.python_version || '3.14' }}
-
 jobs:
   flet-test:
-    name: ${{ matrix.platform }}
+    name: ${{ matrix.platform }} (py${{ matrix.python_version }})
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.runner }}
+    # The embedded runtime is built against the matrix python version; the test
+    # also asserts the running app reports it (EXPECTED_PYTHON_VERSION).
+    env:
+      PYTHON_VERSION: ${{ matrix.python_version }}
+      EXPECTED_PYTHON_VERSION: ${{ matrix.python_version }}
     # Cap the job so a wedged emulator/simulator (which can hang the on-device
     # test indefinitely) auto-cancels instead of burning a full runner slot.
     timeout-minutes: 40
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
+        python_version: ["3.12", "3.13", "3.14"]
+        platform: [macos, ios, windows, linux, linux-arm64, android]
         include:
           - platform: macos
             runner: macos-26
diff --git a/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/src/main.py b/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/src/main.py
index dc57a97f6d..4ece41a18e 100644
--- a/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/src/main.py
+++ b/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/src/main.py
@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
+import platform
+
 import flet as ft
 
 
 def main(page: ft.Page):
     counter = ft.Text("0", size=50)
+    version = ft.Text(f"Python {platform.python_version()}", key="python_version")
 
     def increment(e):
         counter.value = str(int(counter.value) + 1)
@@ -14,12 +17,22 @@ def decrement(e):
 
     page.add(
         ft.SafeArea(
-            content=ft.Row(
-                alignment=ft.MainAxisAlignment.CENTER,
+            content=ft.Column(
+                horizontal_alignment=ft.CrossAxisAlignment.CENTER,
                 controls=[
-                    ft.IconButton(ft.Icons.REMOVE, key="decrement", on_click=decrement),
-                    counter,
-                    ft.IconButton(ft.Icons.ADD, key="increment", on_click=increment),
+                    version,
+                    ft.Row(
+                        alignment=ft.MainAxisAlignment.CENTER,
+                        controls=[
+                            ft.IconButton(
+                                ft.Icons.REMOVE, key="decrement", on_click=decrement
+                            ),
+                            counter,
+                            ft.IconButton(
+                                ft.Icons.ADD, key="increment", on_click=increment
+                            ),
+                        ],
+                    ),
                 ],
             )
         )
diff --git a/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/tests/test_main.py b/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/tests/test_main.py
index ce74f2ee2b..7d36d9da25 100644
--- a/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/tests/test_main.py
+++ b/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/tests/test_main.py
@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+import os
+import re
+
 import flet.testing as ftt
 
 
@@ -6,6 +9,17 @@ async def test_counter(flet_app: ftt.FletTestApp):
 
     await tester.pump_and_settle()
 
+    # The app displays the embedded Python version it was built against. CI pins
+    # it per matrix leg (EXPECTED_PYTHON_VERSION, e.g. "3.14"); assert the app
+    # reports that major.minor. Without the env var (e.g. a local run) just
+    # assert some version is shown.
+    expected = os.getenv("EXPECTED_PYTHON_VERSION")
+    if expected:
+        pattern = rf"Python {re.escape(expected)}\."
+    else:
+        pattern = r"Python \d+\.\d+\.\d+"
+    assert (await tester.find_by_text_containing(pattern)).count == 1
+
     # Initial state
     assert (await tester.find_by_text("0")).count == 1
 

From c0d07bcc1e56479c870e89b945a092a47b6ab2b9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 2026 13:35:08 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 59/60] chore: use released serious_python 4.1.1; drop temp git
 override
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

serious_python 4.1.1 (with the x86_64 _sysconfigdata fix, PR #218) is on
pub.dev. Bump the build template serious_python 4.1.0 -> 4.1.1 and remove the
temporary git override from flet_test_counter (the fix branch was deleted after
release, which broke 'flutter pub get' on fresh runners — the linux-arm64 legs
failed with 'could not find git ref fix/android-x86_64-sysconfigdata').
---
 sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/pyproject.toml    | 5 -----
 .../templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml    | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 1 insertion(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/pyproject.toml b/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/pyproject.toml
index 8231903373..e589264c34 100644
--- a/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/pyproject.toml
+++ b/sdk/python/examples/apps/flet_test_counter/pyproject.toml
@@ -44,8 +44,3 @@ flet = "../../../packages/flet"
 # Dart flet = in-repo source (relative to the provisioned build/flutter dir).
 [tool.flet.flutter.pubspec.dependency_overrides]
 flet = { path = "../../../../../../../packages/flet" }
-# TEMPORARY: pull serious_python from the x86_64 _sysconfigdata fix branch
-# (flet-dev/serious-python#218) so the android x86_64 CI leg validates it.
-# Revert to the pub.dev release once that PR ships.
-serious_python_android = { git = { url = "https://github.com/flet-dev/serious-python.git", ref = "fix/android-x86_64-sysconfigdata", path = "src/serious_python_android" } }
-serious_python_platform_interface = { git = { url = "https://github.com/flet-dev/serious-python.git", ref = "fix/android-x86_64-sysconfigdata", path = "src/serious_python_platform_interface" } }
diff --git a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml
index 02e6177fa9..2a8e481d37 100644
--- a/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml
+++ b/sdk/python/templates/build/{{cookiecutter.out_dir}}/pubspec.yaml
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ dependencies:
   flet:
     path: ../../../../../packages/flet
 
-  serious_python: 4.1.0
+  serious_python: 4.1.1
 
   # MsgPack codec used by the dart_bridge FletBackendChannel implementation
   # in lib/main.dart — matches the wire format flet's existing socket

From 3dea72aa3a4562a24fe7a8c54a2f6fbf17050254 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Feodor Fitsner <feodor@appveyor.com>
Date: Mon, 29 Jun 2026 14:31:59 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 60/60] test: remove test_flet_test_app.py unit test

It imported FletTestApp, which pulls in the screenshot-comparison deps
(numpy/Pillow/scikit-image) from the optional 'test' extra at module load.
The base unit-test suite installs flet without that extra, so collection
failed with ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'numpy'. The
__flutter_test_target device-mode guard is exercised end-to-end by the
flet-test on-device workflow.
---
 .../packages/flet/tests/test_flet_test_app.py | 49 -------------------
 1 file changed, 49 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 sdk/python/packages/flet/tests/test_flet_test_app.py

diff --git a/sdk/python/packages/flet/tests/test_flet_test_app.py b/sdk/python/packages/flet/tests/test_flet_test_app.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 58408656a9..0000000000
--- a/sdk/python/packages/flet/tests/test_flet_test_app.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,49 +0,0 @@
-import pytest
-
-from flet.testing.flet_test_app import FletTestApp
-
-
-def test_flutter_test_target_validates_generated_app_test_in_device_mode(tmp_path):
-    app_test = tmp_path / "integration_test" / "app_test.dart"
-    app_test.parent.mkdir()
-    app_test.write_text("void main() {}\n", encoding="utf-8")
-
-    flet_app = FletTestApp(flutter_app_dir=tmp_path, device_mode=True)
-
-    # The directory target is used; the generated driver is only validated.
-    assert flet_app._FletTestApp__flutter_test_target() == "integration_test"
-
-
-def test_flutter_test_target_requires_generated_app_test_in_device_mode(tmp_path):
-    flet_app = FletTestApp(flutter_app_dir=tmp_path, device_mode=True)
-
-    with pytest.raises(
-        RuntimeError,
-        match="Flutter integration test driver was not generated",
-    ):
-        flet_app._FletTestApp__flutter_test_target()
-
-
-def test_flutter_test_target_rejects_empty_app_test(tmp_path):
-    app_test = tmp_path / "integration_test" / "app_test.dart"
-    app_test.parent.mkdir()
-    app_test.write_text(" \n", encoding="utf-8")
-    flet_app = FletTestApp(flutter_app_dir=tmp_path, device_mode=True)
-
-    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match="Flutter integration test driver is empty"):
-        flet_app._FletTestApp__flutter_test_target()
-
-
-def test_flutter_test_target_keeps_directory_fallback_in_host_mode(tmp_path):
-    flet_app = FletTestApp(flutter_app_dir=tmp_path)
-
-    assert flet_app._FletTestApp__flutter_test_target() == "integration_test"
-
-
-def test_flutter_test_target_keeps_directory_target_for_host_app_test(tmp_path):
-    app_test = tmp_path / "integration_test" / "app_test.dart"
-    app_test.parent.mkdir()
-    app_test.write_text("void main() {}\n", encoding="utf-8")
-    flet_app = FletTestApp(flutter_app_dir=tmp_path)
-
-    assert flet_app._FletTestApp__flutter_test_target() == "integration_test"