diff --git a/.github/workflows/docker_build.jinja b/.github/workflows/docker_build.jinja
index 940d5946..fe04146e 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/docker_build.jinja
+++ b/.github/workflows/docker_build.jinja
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ jobs:
           python-version: "3.11"
 
       - name: Install neurodocker
-        run: python -m pip install --editable .[dev]
+        run: python -m pip install --editable . --group test
 
       - name: Generate Dockerfile
         run: |
diff --git a/.github/workflows/docs.yml b/.github/workflows/docs.yml
index 5bd88d51..ad872586 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/docs.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/docs.yml
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ jobs:
             with:
                 python-version: '3.10'
         -   name: Install neurodocker
-            run: python -m pip install --editable .[all]
+            run: python -m pip install --editable . --group doc
         -   name: build docs
             run: |
                 make -C docs cli
diff --git a/.github/workflows/pull-request.yml b/.github/workflows/pull-request.yml
index d30341ff..7f69f455 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/pull-request.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/pull-request.yml
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ jobs:
                 python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
                 allow-prereleases: true
         -   name: Install neurodocker
-            run: python -m pip install --editable .[dev]
+            run: python -m pip install --editable . --group test
         -   name: Run python tests
             run: pytest --numprocesses auto
         -   name: Get code coverage
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index d3d2594d..dfb20c51 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ Clone the repository and install in editable mode.
 ```
 git clone https://github.com/ReproNim/neurodocker
 cd neurodocker
-python -m pip install --no-cache-dir --editable .[all]
+python -m pip install --no-cache-dir --editable . --group dev
 ```
 
 Before committing changes, initialize `prek` with `prek install`, or `pre-commit` with `pre-commit install`. This will format code with each commit to keep the style consistent. _Neurodocker_ uses `ruff` for formatting.
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 7ee3e435..35bc02a4 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -2,6 +2,33 @@
 build-backend = "hatchling.build"
 requires = ["hatchling>=1.27.0", "hatch-vcs"]
 
+[dependency-groups]
+dev = [
+    {include-group = "doc"},
+    {include-group = "minify"},
+    {include-group = "test"}
+]
+doc = [
+    "sphinx <7",
+    "pydata-sphinx-theme >= 0.13",
+    "sphinxcontrib.apidoc >= 0.3"
+]
+minify = [
+    "docker >= 4.4.1"
+]
+test = [
+    {include-group = "minify"},
+    "codecov",
+    "coverage[toml]",
+    "mypy",
+    "pre-commit",
+    "pytest >= 6.0",
+    "pytest-cov >= 2.0.0",
+    "pytest-reportlog >= 0.1.2",
+    "pytest-xdist >= 2.2.0",
+    "types-PyYAML"
+]
+
 [project]
 authors = [{name = "Neurodocker Developers"}]
 classifiers = [